Visa requirements for Hungarian citizens

Visa requirements for Hungarian citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Hungary by the authorities of other states.

A Hungarian passport

As of 5 April 2020, Hungarian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 182 countries and territories, ranking the Hungarian passport 10th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Historical perspective

Travel restrictions have been considerably relaxed since the end of communism and the removal of Hungary's border fence with Austria in May 1989.

During the communist era, travelling to the West was a long and difficult process for Hungarian citizens. The first step was to obtain an invitation, preferably from a relative in the country to be visited, and a promise of full financial support. With such an invitation, and assuming a passport could be obtained, a Hungarian could travel westwards once a year. However, in the absence of such an invitation, travel to the West was possible only once every three years.[2] The Communist-era visa restrictions restricted Hungarian artists and musicians since it hindered their ability to travel abroad. As a result, many chose to leave Hungary and settle in the West, such as famed cellist János Starker, who emigrated to the United States in 1948 because it was impossible for him to tour abroad with a Hungarian passport.[3]

Domestic events in Hungary have affected the visa requirements imposed on Hungarian citizens by Western countries. The Revolution of 1956 and the ensuing domestic repression resulted in the United States deciding to expedite all Hungarian visa requests.[4]

The end of communism in 1989 led to a rapid relaxation of visa restrictions. Visa-free travel for Hungarians was introduced by several countries, including Sweden in 1986,[5] the United Kingdom in 1990,[5] Germany in 1990,[6] France (1990),[5] Spain in 1990,[5] Belgium in 1991[5] South Korea in 1991[7] and Chile in 1992.[8] 1993 saw Israel,[9] South Africa,[5] Portugal[5] and Tunisia abolish the requirement for ordinary Hungarian tourists to obtain visas in advance of departure.[5] Canada [10] and Slovakia followed in 1994.[5] Italy waived prior visas in 1995,[5] Mexico in 1997,[11] Austria in 1997,[5] Japan (1997),[12] Slovenia (1998),[5] Panama (1998),[13] Morocco (1999).[14] New Zealand scrapped requirements for visas in 2000 [5] followed by Croatia that same year,[5] and Brazil in 2001,[5] Hong Kong in 2002,[15] Serbia in 2003,[5] Ukraine in 2003[5] and Peru later that same year of 2003.[5]

Despite the tremendous increase in the number of visa waiver agreements, there have also been setbacks. In June 2001, the visa-free travel agreement between Hungary and Russia came to an end, and both countries now require visas of one another's citizens.[16]

A Hungarian identity card is valid for travel to most European countries

Hungary's accession to the European Union on 1 May 2004, along with its fellow V4 companions, radically boosted reciprocal visa-free arrangements.

Hungarians can now not only travel visa-free to any member state of the EU, but also have a right to settle there. A valid Hungarian passport or identity card is sufficient for any stay shorter than three months. For periods longer than three months, a residence permit is needed. Hungarians are allowed to settle in any EU country for more than three months if they work or study there, or if they are financially self-sufficient.[17] By virtue of the agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA), those rights also apply to Hungarians in Iceland, Norway and Liechtenstein.[18] The same rights also extend to Hungarians in Switzerland as a result of the Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons.[19] Following the accession to the European Union in 2004 and the Schengen Area in 2007, visa requirements were also lifted by several other countries including Georgia (2005),[20] Bosnia and Herzegovina (2005),[5] North Macedonia (2005),[5] Colombia (2005),[5] Moldova (2007),[21] Botswana (2008),[22] Taiwan (2008),[23] Australia (2008),[24] and Thailand (2011).[25]

The Hungarian government's decade-long efforts to have U.S. visa requirements abolished for Hungarian citizens finally came to fruition on 17 November 2008 when the United States decided to include Hungary in its Visa Waiver Program.[26] The inclusion of Hungary in the Visa Waiver Program was considered a major event there. Kinga Göncz, the country's then foreign minister, even went as far as to describe it as "a landmark in our relations [with the United States], since the visa waiver was essentially the single unresolved issue."[27] However, Hungarian President László Sólyom, who had promised upon his election in 2005 never to visit the United States as long as fingerprint requirements were part of U.S. visa procedures, refused to sign the agreement on the U.S. Visa Waiver Program, fearing it would give the United States too much access to Hungary's criminal registry. His refusal did not affect Hungary's inclusion in the program.[28]

Recently visa requirements for Hungarian citizens were lifted by Qatar (July 2012),[29] Kyrgyzstan (July 2012),[30] Armenia (January 2013),[31] Jamaica (March 2013),[32] Turkey (February 2014),[33] Papua New Guinea (March 2014),[34] Bahrain (October 2014),[35] the United Arab Emirates (May 2015),[36] Timor-Leste (May 2015),[37] Samoa (May 2015),[38] Indonesia (June 2015),[39] Kazakhstan (July 2015),[40] São Tomé and Príncipe (August 2015),[41] Tonga (November 2015),[42] Palau (December 2015),[43] Marshall Islands (June 2016),[44] Tuvalu (July 2016),[45] Solomon Islands (October 2016),[46] Belarus (February 2017),[47] Cape Verde (1 January 2019)[48] and Uzbekistan (1 February 2019).[49]

Hungarian citizens were made eligible for eVisas recently by Guinea and Malawi (October 2019), Saudi Arabia (September 2019), Suriname and Pakistan (April 2019), Tanzania and Papua New Guinea (November 2018),[50] Ethiopia (1 June 2018),[51] Angola (March 2018), Djibouti (February 2018),[52] Egypt (December 2017),[53] Azerbaijan (January 2017),[54] Tajikistan (June 2016),[55][56] India (August 2015)[57] and Myanmar (October 2014).[58]

The number of visa-free destinations for Hungarian citizens grew exponentially over the last few years, in 2009 Hungarian citizens could travel to 131 countries without a visa,[59] to 142 in 2010[60] and 153 in 2012.[61]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for Hungarian citizens

  Hungary

  Freedom of movement

  Visa not required / ESTA / eTA / eVisitor

  Visa on arrival

  eVisa

  Visa available both on arrival or online

  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Country	Visa requirement	Allowed stay	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Afghanistan	Visa required[62]
Albania	Visa not required[63]	90 days	ID card valid
Algeria	Visa required[64]
Andorra	Visa not required[65]		ID card valid
Angola	eVisa[66][67]	30 days	Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested such pre-visa from the consulates of Angola abroad, are then issued with a visa on arrival at the country's border check points. For a maximum total stay of 90 days within a one year period.[68] Besides having printed confirmation that a visa will be issued upon arrival, passengers must: have a return/onward ticket, and have a hotel reservation confirmation.[69]
Antigua and Barbuda	Visa not required[70]	3 months
Argentina	Visa not required[71]	90 days
Armenia	Visa not required[72]	180 days
Australia	eVisitor[73]	90 days	90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted
Austria	Visa not required[74]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Azerbaijan	eVisa[75]	30 days[76]
Bahamas	Visa not required[77]	3 months
Bahrain	eVisa / Visa on arrival[78]	14 days	Visa is also obtainable online.[79]
Bangladesh	Visa on arrival[80]	30 days	Not available at all entry points.[81]
Barbados	Visa not required[82]	3 months
Belarus	Visa not required[83]	30 days	Must arrive and depart via Minsk International Airport.
Belgium	Visa not required[84]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Belize	Visa not required[85]
Benin	eVisa / Visa on arrival[86][87]	30 days / 8 days	Must have an international vaccination certificate.
Bhutan	Visa required[88]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Bolivia	Visa not required[89]	90 days
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Visa not required[90]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period ID card valid
Botswana	Visa not required[91]	90 days	90 days within any year period
Brazil	Visa not required[92]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Brunei	Visa not required[93]	90 days
Bulgaria	Visa not required[94]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Burkina Faso	Visa on arrival[95]	1 month
Burundi	Visa required[96]
Cambodia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[97]	30 days	Visa is also obtainable online.[98]
Cameroon	Visa required[99]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Canada	Visa not required[100]	6 months	eTA required if arriving by air.[101][102]
Cape Verde	Visa not required[48]	30 days	Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[103]
Central African Republic	Visa required[104]
Chad	Visa required[105]
Chile	Visa not required[106]	90 days
China	Visa required[107]		24-hour visit without a visa when in transit through China (unless arriving in Fuzhou Changle International Airport, Huangshan Tunxi International Airport, Mudanjiang Hailang Airport, Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport and Yanji Chaoyangchuan Airport). 72-hour visit without a visa when in transit through Changsha, Guilin and Harbin. 144-hours visit without a visa when in transit through Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Dalian, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Jieyang, Kunming, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qinhuangdao, Qingdao, Shanghai, Shenyang, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Tianjin, Wuhan, Xiamen and Xi'an.[108] Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan do count as third countries under the 24, 72 and 144-hours visa-free transit (TWOV) policies.
Colombia	Visa not required[109]	180 days	90 days - extendable up to 180-days stay within a one-year period
Comoros	Visa on arrival[110]	2 weeks
Republic of the Congo	Visa required[111]
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Visa required[112]
Costa Rica	Visa not required[113]	90 days
Côte d'Ivoire	eVisa[114]	3 months	eVisa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
Croatia	Visa not required[115]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Cuba	Tourist Card required[116]
Cyprus	Visa not required[117]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Czech Republic	Visa not required[118]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Denmark	Visa not required[119]	Freedom of movement (DK) ID card valid
Djibouti	eVisa[120]	31 days
Dominica	Visa not required[121]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Dominican Republic	Visa not required[122]	90 days
Ecuador	Visa not required[123]	90 days
Egypt	eVisa / Visa on arrival[124][125]	30 days	Visa required, except for a max. stay of 15 days for holders of normal passports, traveling as tourists and arriving at Sharm El Sheik (SSH), Saint Catherine (SKV) or Taba (TCP) airports and remaining in the Sinai resorts.
El Salvador	Visa not required[126]	3 months
Equatorial Guinea	Visa required[127]
Eritrea	Visa required[128]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Estonia	Visa not required[129]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Eswatini	Visa not required[130]	30 days[131]
Ethiopia	eVisa[132]	up to 90 days	eVisa holders must arrive via Addis Ababa Bole International Airport
Fiji	Visa not required[133]	4 months
Finland	Visa not required[134]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
France	Visa not required[135]	Freedom of movement (in Regions of France) ID card valid
Gabon	eVisa / Visa on arrival[136]	90 days	Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.[137]
Gambia	Visa not required[138]	90 days
Georgia	Visa not required[139]	1 year	ID card valid
Germany	Visa not required[140]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Ghana	Visa required[141]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Greece	Visa not required[142]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Grenada	Visa not required[143]	3 months
Guatemala	Visa not required[144]	90 days
Guinea	eVisa[145]	90 days
Guinea-Bissau	eVisa / Visa on arrival[146]	90 days
Guyana	Visa required[147]
Haiti	Visa not required[148]	90 days
Honduras	Visa not required[149]	3 months
Iceland	Visa not required[150]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
India	e-Visa[151]	60 days	e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][152] An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice in one calendar year.
Indonesia	Visa not required[153]	30 days
Iran	Visa on arrival[154]	30 days[155]
Iraq	Visa required[156]
Ireland	Visa not required[157]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Israel	Visa not required[158]	3 months
Italy	Visa not required[159]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Jamaica	Visa not required[160]	30 days
Japan	Visa not required[161]	90 days
Jordan	Visa on arrival[162]		Visitors that come in groups or purchase the Jordan Pass can get the visa for free under certain conditions.[163] Not available at all entry points.[164]
Kazakhstan	Visa not required[165]	30 days
Kenya	eVisa / Visa on arrival[166]	3 months
Kiribati	Visa not required[167]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
North Korea	Visa required[168]
South Korea	Visa not required[169]	90 days
Kuwait	eVisa / Visa on arrival[170]	3 months
Kyrgyzstan	Visa not required[171]	60 days
Laos	eVisa / Visa on arrival[172][173]	30 days	Visa on arrival is available at international airports Luangphabang, Pakse, Savannakhet and Vientiane, and at 4 land borders Friendship Bridge,[Note 3] and at 13 border crossings[Note 4] as well as Tanalaeng train station in Vientiane, which connects to the train station in Nongkai, Thailand.[174] Visa on arrival facility will be gradually phased out at various border crossings starting January 2020.[175] eVisa may be used to enter Laos through the following entry points — Wattay International Airport and the First Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge Entry points Lalai, Lantui, Meuang mom, Pakxan, and Phoudou are open only to visa holders. Visa on arrival is extendable up to 60 days.
Latvia	Visa not required[176]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Lebanon	Visa on arrival[177]	1 month	Extendable for 2 additional months Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
Lesotho	eVisa[178][179]
Liberia	Visa required[180]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Libya	Visa required[181]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Liechtenstein	Visa not required[182]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Lithuania	Visa not required[183]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Luxembourg	Visa not required[184]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Madagascar	eVisa / Visa on arrival[185]	90 days
Malawi	eVisa / Visa on arrival[186][187]	90 days
Malaysia	Visa not required[188]	3 months
Maldives	Free visa on arrival[189]	30 days[131]
Mali	Visa required[190]
Malta	Visa not required[191]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Marshall Islands	Visa not required[192]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Mauritania	Visa on arrival[193]		Available at Nouakchott–Oumtounsy International Airport.
Mauritius	Visa not required[194]	90 days
Mexico	Visa not required[195]	180 days
Micronesia	Visa not required[196]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Moldova	Visa not required[197]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Monaco	Visa not required[198]		ID card valid
Mongolia	Visa required[199]
Montenegro	Visa not required[200]	90 days	ID card valid for 30 days
Morocco	Visa not required[201]	90 days
Mozambique	Visa on arrival[202]	30 days
Myanmar	eVisa / Visa on arrival[203]	30 days	eVisa holders must arrive via Yangon, Nay Pyi Taw or Mandalay airports or via land border crossings with Thailand — Tachileik, Myawaddy and Kawthaung or India — Rih Khaw Dar and Tamu. eVisa available for both tourism (allowed stay is 28 days) or business (allowed stay is 70 days) purposes. Visa on arrival may be obtainted at Yangon International Airport, Nay Pyi Taw International Airport or Mandalay International Airport.[204]
Namibia	Visa on arrival[205]	3 months	Available at Hosea Kutako International Airport.
Nauru	Visa required[206]
Nepal	Visa on arrival[207]	90 days	Not available at all entry points.[208]
Netherlands	Visa not required[209]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
New Zealand	Electronic Travel Authority[210]	90 days	International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be obtained alongside Electronic Travel Authority.[211]
Nicaragua	Visa not required[212]	90 days	All visitors are required to obtain a Tourist Card on arrival.
Niger	Visa required[213]
Nigeria	Visa required[214]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
North Macedonia	Visa not required[215]	90 days	ID card valid
Norway	Visa not required[216]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Oman	eVisa[217]	30 days
Pakistan	Online Visa[218]		Online Visa eligible.[219] Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[220]
Palau	Visa not required[221]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Panama	Visa not required[222]	180 days
Papua New Guinea	eVisa / Free visa on arrival[223]	60 days
Paraguay	Visa not required[224]	90 days
Peru	Visa not required[225]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period[226]
Philippines	Visa not required[227]	30 days
Poland	Visa not required[228]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Portugal	Visa not required[229]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Qatar	Visa not required[230]	90 days
Romania	Visa not required[231]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Russia	Visa required[232]		Hungarian citizens are eligible for eVisa access to Kaliningrad Oblast for up to 8 days.[233]
Rwanda	eVisa / Visa on arrival[234]	30 days
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Visa not required[235]	3 months
Saint Lucia	Visa not required[236]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Visa not required[237]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Samoa	Visa not required[238]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
San Marino	Visa not required[239]		ID card valid
São Tomé and Príncipe	Visa not required[240]	15 days
Saudi Arabia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[241][242]	90 days
Senegal	Visa not required[243]	90 days
Serbia	Visa not required[244]	90 days	90 days within any 6-month period ID card valid
Seychelles	Visa not required[245]	3 months
Sierra Leone	Visa on arrival[246]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Singapore	Visa not required[247]	90 days
Slovakia	Visa not required[248]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Slovenia	Visa not required[249]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Solomon Islands	Visa not required[250]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Somalia	Visa on arrival[251]		Available at Berbera, Borama, Burao, Erigavo and Hargeisa airports. 30 days, available at Bosaso Airport, Galcaio Airport and Mogadishu Airport.
South Africa	Visa not required[252]	30 days
South Sudan	Visa required[253]
Spain	Visa not required[254]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Sri Lanka	eVisa / Visa on arrival[255]	30 days
Sudan	Visa required[256]
Suriname	E-tourist card[257]	90 days	Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[258]
Sweden	Visa not required[259]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Switzerland	Visa not required[260]	Freedom of movement ID card valid
Syria	Visa required[261]
Tajikistan	eVisa[262]	45 days
Tanzania	eVisa / Visa on arrival[263][264]	3 months
Thailand	Visa not required[265]	30 days	Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air
Timor-Leste	Visa not required[266]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Togo	Visa on arrival[267]	7 days
Tonga	Visa not required[42]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Trinidad and Tobago	Visa not required[268]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Tunisia	Visa not required[269]	3 months
Turkey	Visa not required[270]	90 days[271]
Turkmenistan	Visa required[272]		Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
Tuvalu	Visa not required[273]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Uganda	eVisa / Visa on arrival[274]		Determined at the port of entry. May apply online.[275]
Ukraine	Visa not required[276]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
United Arab Emirates	Visa not required[277]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period[36][278]
United Kingdom	Visa not required[279]	Freedom of movement (in Constituent countries) ID card valid
United States	Visa Waiver Program[280]	90 days	On arrival from overseas; ESTA (valid for 2 years when issued) required if arriving by air or cruise ship.[281] Visa required if the person visited Iran, Iraq, Sudan, Syria, Libya, Somalia or Yemen after March 1, 2011, or if he/she also holds citizenship in any of these countries.[282]
Uruguay	Visa not required[283]	90 days
Uzbekistan	Visa not required[284]	30 days
Vanuatu	Visa not required[285]	90 days	90 days within any 180 day period
Vatican City	Visa not required[286]		ID card valid
Venezuela	Visa not required[287]	90 days
Vietnam	eVisa[288]	30 days[289]
Yemen	Visa required[290]
Zambia	eVisa / Visa on arrival[291]	90 days	Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe	eVisa / Visa on arrival[292]	3 months	Strictly tourism purposes only. Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.

Disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones

Visa requirements for Hungarian citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Abkhazia	Visa required[293]
Mount Athos	Special permit required	Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[294][295]
Brest and Grodno	Visa not required	Visa-free for 10 days[296]
Crimea	Visa required	Visa issued by Russia is required.[297]
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus	Visa not required	3 months[298][299]
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus	Access Permit required[300]	Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
Faroe Islands	Visa not required[301]
Gibraltar	Visa not required[302]
Guernsey	Visa not required[303]
Isle of Man	Visa not required[304]
Jan Mayen	Permit required	Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[305] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[306]
Jersey	Visa not required[307]
Kosovo	Visa not required	90 days[308] ID card valid; only new generation biometric ones (issued after January 1, 2016)
Nagorno-Karabakh Republic	Visa required[309][310]	Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[311]
Russia	Special authorization required	Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[312]
South Ossetia	Visa not required	Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[313][314]
Transnistria	Visa not required	Registration required after 24h.[315][316]
Africa
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
British Indian Ocean Territory	Special permit required	Special permit required.[317]
Eritrea outside Asmara	Travel permit required	To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[318]
Mayotte	Visa not required[319]
Réunion	Visa not required[319]
Ascension Island	eVisa[320][321]	3 months within any year period
Saint Helena	Visitor's Pass required	Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[322]
Tristan da Cunha	Permission required	Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[323]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic		Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
Somaliland	Visa on arrival	30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[324][325]
Sudan	Travel permit required	All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Darfur	Travel permit required	Separate travel permit is required.[326]
Asia
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Hong Kong	Visa not required[327]	3 months
India PAP/RAP	PAP/RAP required	Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[328][329][330][331][332][333]
Iraqi Kurdistan	Visa on arrival	Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.[334]
Kazakhstan	Special permission required	Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[335]
Kish Island	Visa not required	Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[336]
Macao	Visa not required[337]	90 days
Sabah and Sarawak	Visa not required	These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[338]
Maldives	Permission required	With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[339]
North Korea outside Pyongyang	Special permit required	People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
Palestine	Visa not required[340]	Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[341]
Taiwan	Visa not required[342]	90 days
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province	OIVR permit required	OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[343][344][345]
Tibet Autonomous Region	TTP required	Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[346][347][348]
Turkmenistan	Special permit required	A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[349]
Korean Demilitarized Zone	Restricted zone.
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar	Restricted zone.
Phú Quốc	Visa not required	30 days[350]
Yemen	Special permission required	Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[351]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)f
Anguilla	Visa not required[352]	3 months
Aruba	Visa not required	30 days, extendable to 180 days[353][354]
Bermuda	Visa not required	Up to 6 months, decided on arrival.[355]
Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba	Visa not required[356]	3 months[357]
British Virgin Islands	Visa not required[358]	30 days, extensions possible
San Andrés and Leticia	Tourist Card on arrival	Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[359]
Cayman Islands	Visa not required[360]	6 months
Curaçao	Visa not required[361]	3 months
French Guiana	Visa not required[362]
French West Indies	Visa not required	French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.[363]
Greenland	Visa not required
Margarita Island	Visa not required	All visitors are fingerprinted.[364]
Montserrat	Visa not required[365]	6 months
Puerto Rico	Visa not required[366]	Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	Visa not required[319]
Sint Maarten	Visa not required[367]	3 months[368]
Turks and Caicos Islands	Visa not required[369]	90 days
U.S. Virgin Islands	Visa not required[370]	Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.
Oceania
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
American Samoa	Electronic authorization[371]	30 days
Ashmore and Cartier Islands	Special authorisation required	Special authorisation required.[372]
Clipperton Island	Special permit required	Special permit required.[373]
Cook Islands	Visa not required[374]	31 days
Lau Province	Special permission required	Special permission required.[375]
French Polynesia	Visa not required[376]
Guam	Visa not required[377]	Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.
New Caledonia	Visa not required[319]
Niue	Visa on arrival[378]	30 days
Northern Mariana Islands	Visa not required[379]	Visa not required under the Visa Waiver Program, for 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years. ESTA required.
Pitcairn Islands	Visa not required	14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[380][381][382]
Tokelau	Entry permit required[383]
United States Minor Outlying Islands	Special permits required	Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[384][385][386][387][388][389][390]
Wallis and Futuna	Visa not required[319]
South America
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos	Pre-registration required	Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[391]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor to	Visa requirement	Notes (excluding departure fees)
Falkland Islands	Visa not required	Visa is not required.[392]
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	Permit required	Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[393][394]
Antarctica		Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[395][396][397][398][399][400][401][402][403][404][405][406]

Diplomatic passports

  European Union (unlimited access)

  Visa-free

  Visa on arrival

  Pre-arrival Internet registration required (ESTA, eVisitor)

  Visa required

A Hungarian ordinary passport, with visa-free access to all of the world's developed countries, is a very convenient travel document by international standards. However, it is not as handy as a Hungarian diplomatic passport, which has even less visa restrictions attached to it. Several countries offer visa-free access to holders of a Hungarian diplomatic passport, but not to ordinary passport holders. This is notably the case with the People's Republic of China since 1992,[407] Russia (since 2001).[408] and India (since 2003).[409] As of July 2009, Hungarian diplomats can enter all G8+5 countries without a visa.[410] The Hungarian diplomatic passport holds the distinction of being the only travel document in the world granting such visa-free entry to all G8+5 member states.^[a]

In total holders of various categories of official Hungarian passports have additional visa-free access to the following countries - Algeria (diplomatic passports), Azerbaijan (diplomatic or service passports), Belarus (diplomatic or service passports), China (diplomatic or service passports), Cuba (diplomatic or service passports), Egypt (diplomatic passports), India (diplomatic or official passports), Indonesia (diplomatic or service passports), Iran (diplomatic passports), Kazakhstan (diplomatic or service passports), Laos (diplomatic or official passports), Mongolia (diplomatic or official passports), Russia (diplomatic and service passports), Tajikistan (diplomatic or service passports), Turkmenistan (diplomatic or service passports) and Uzbekistan (diplomatic passports), Vietnam (diplomatic, official, service or special passports), Yemen (diplomatic passports). Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

Countries with Hungarian diplomatic missions

When they are in a territory with no Hungarian consular facilities, because Hungarian citizens are also citizens of the EU, they have the right to get consular assistance from any other EU country with a diplomatic mission in that territory.

See also: List of diplomatic missions of Hungary

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[411] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.

Vaccination

An International Certificate of Vaccination required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever

Main article: Carte Jaune

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[412]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently.[413]

Passport validity length

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[414] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[415] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[416]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland and the United Kingdom also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, and South Africa.

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[417][418] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[419]

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[420] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[421] Lebanon,[422] Libya,[423] Sudan,[424] Syria,[425] and Yemen[426] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when travelling into and out of Gaza. Also, passports are still stamped (as of 22 June 2017) at the Jordan Valley/Sheikh Hussein and Yitzhak Rabin/Arava land borders with Jordan.

The Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage claims that having an Israeli stamp does not disqualify someone from visiting Saudi Arabia.[427]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Armenian ethnicity

Main article: Armenia–Azerbaijan relations

Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bars entry of Armenian citizens, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, into the Republic of Azerbaijan.[428][429]

Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[430] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[431] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[432] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognised Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their territory.

Biometrics

See also: Countries applying biometrics

A fingerprint scanner at Dulles International Airport collects biometric data on visitors, which can be used for confirming identities.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[433]

Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[434][435] Argentina,[436] Brunei, Cambodia,[437] China,[438] Ethiopia,[439] Ghana, Guinea,[440] India, Japan,[441][442] Kenya (fingerprints and photo),[443] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[444] Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[445] Singapore, South Korea,[446] Taiwan, Thailand,[447] Uganda[448] and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its legislature),[449] [450] [451] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[452]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[453] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[454][455]

See also

• Visa requirements for European Union citizens
• Hungarian passport
• Hungarian identity card
• Visa policy of the Schengen Area

References and Notes

References

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40. In Milan, Nazarbayev Announces Extension of Visa Free Regime for 20 Countries
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48. Citizens of 32 European countries exempted from visas for Cape Verde from January 1
50. Tanzania launches e-visa, residence permit for foreigners
51. Ethiopia Opens Up e-Visas To Travelers of Any Nationality
52. Un e-visa pour Djibouti
53. "Egypt's electronic visa is now available for 41 countries". 2017-12-04.
54. ASAN Visa portal launched
55. "Tajikistan e-Visa".
56. "Вазорати корҳои хориҷии Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон".
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65. Travel to Andorra, Ministry of External Affairs of Andorra.
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70. Countries exempt from visa, Department of Immigration of Antigua and Barbuda.
71. Visa regime, National Directorate of Migrations of Argentina (in Spanish).
72. Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
73. Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
74. Schengen visa, Federal Ministry for Europe, Integration and Foreign Affairs of Austria.
75. Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
76. Electronic Visa System of Azerbaijan Republic
77. Visa requirements for foreigners travelling to the Bahamas, Government of the Bahamas, 18 February 2014.
78. Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
79. "Bahrain Electronic Visa Service".
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81. Available at Shahjalal International Airport, Shah Amanat International Airport and Osmani International Airport only.
82. Visa requirements for foreign nationals entering Barbados, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 3 June 2009.
83. Visa-free travel, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Belarus.
84. Visa for Belgium, Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs of Belgium.
85. Countries not requiring an entry visa, Department of Immigration and Nationality Services of Belize, September 2016.
86. Visa, Emigration and Immigration Directorate of Benin.
87. eVisa Benin
88. Visa, Tourism Council of Bhutan.
89. Requirements to enter Bolivia, General Directorate of Migration of Bolivia (in Spanish).
90. Visas, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
91. Requirements for visa application, Government of Botswana.
92. Visas to travel to Brazil, Ministry of External Relations of Brazil (in Portuguese and English).
93. Country category for visa application, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of Brunei.
94. Visa for Bulgaria, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.
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100. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
101. canada.ca/eTA
102. Entry requirements by country:Visa-exempt
103. EASE
104. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
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107. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
108. "144小时过境免签政策"
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110. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
111. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
112. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
113. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
115. Visa requirements overview, Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of Croatia.
116. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
117. Visa policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cyprus.
118. List of states whose citizens are exempt from visa requirement, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic, 13 July 2017.
119. Countries with a visa requirement and visa-free countries, Danish Immigration Service, 8 December 2017.
120. eVisa
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122. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
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126. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
127. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
128. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
129. Who does not need a visa to visit Estonia?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Estonia, 2 November 2017.
130. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
131. Extendable length of stay.
132. "Ethiopia electronic visa". Main Department for Immigration and Nationality Affairs, Ethiopia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
133. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
134. Visa requirement and travel documents accepted by Finland, Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland.
135. Foreign nationals holding ordinary passports exempt from visa requirements, Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs of France, January 2016.
136. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
137. Gabon e-Visa
138. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
139. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
140. Overview of visa requirements/exemptions for entry into the Federal Republic of Germany, Federal Foreign Office of Germany.
141. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
142. Countries requiring or not requiring a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Greece, 13 June 2017.
143. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
144. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
145. Guinea eVisa
146. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
147. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
148. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
149. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
150. Who does not need a visa, Directorate of Immigration of Iceland.
151. "Indian e-Visa". Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
152. e-Visa
153. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
154. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
155. Iran extends airport visa validity to 30 days
156. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
157. Countries that need a visa for Ireland, Irish Naturalisation and Immigration Service.
158. Tourist visa table, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 23 May 2017.
159. Visa for Italy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Italy.
160. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
161. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
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163. "Visa Information". Timatic. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
164. Visa on arrival obtainable at most international ports of entry and at most international land border crossings (except King Hussein/Allenby Bridge crossing).
165. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
166. Republic of Kenya - eCitizen portal
167. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
168. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
169. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
170. Kuwait eVisa
171. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
172. Laos eVisa
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174. "The Department Of Immigration. Checkpoints". The Department Of Immigration Of Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
176. Countries whose citizens may enter Latvia without a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia, 9 October 2017.
178. eVisa Lesotho
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180. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
181. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
182. Visa, Government of Liechtenstein (in German).
183. Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, 30 August 2017.
184. Staying in Luxembourg for less than 90 days, Government of Luxembourg.
185. eVisa Madagascar
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188. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
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198. Before you leave, Monaco Government Tourist Office.
199. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
200. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
201. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
202. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
203. "Myanmar eVisa".
205. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
206. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
207. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
208. Obtainable at Tribhuvan International Airport and certain land borders.
209. Short-stay Schengen visa (90 days or less), Government of the Netherlands.
210. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
211. "Information about NZeTA". Immigration New Zealand.
212. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
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215. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
216. Persons who do not need a visa to visit Norway, Norwegian Directorate of Immigration.
217. Sultanate of Oman - Royal Oman Police - eVisa
221. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
222. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
223. eVisa, Papua New Guinea (PNG) Immigration and Citizenship Authority (ICA)
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228. Visa-free countries, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland.
229. Third countries whose citizens are required to have a visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Portugal.
230. "Qatar Visas".
231. Do I need a visa?, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania.
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234. "HOME".
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236. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
237. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
238. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
239. Border formalities, San Marino Tourism Board.
240. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
241. Visit Saudi Visa
242. New Saudi Arabia tourist visas: everything you need to know
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244. Travel Information Manual, International Air Transport Association (IATA).
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Notes

1. • Ahmedabad
   • Amritsar
   • Bagdogra
   • Bengaluru
   • Chandigarh
   • Chennai
   • Coimbatore
   • Delhi
   • Gaya
   • Goa
   • Guwahati
   • Hyderabad
   • Jaipur
   • Kochi
   • Kolkata
   • Kozhikode
   • Lucknow
   • Madurai
   • Mangaluru
   • Mumbai
   • Nagpur
   • Pune
   • Thiruvananthapuram
   • Tiruchirappalli
   • Varanasi
   • Visakhapatnam
2. • Cochin
   • Goa
   • Mangalore
3. • Vientiane
   • Savannakhet
   • Khammuan
   • Bokeo
4. • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
   • Samliemkham - (Thailand and Myanmar)
   • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
   • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
   • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
   • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
   • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
   • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
   • Boten - Bo han (China)
   • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
   • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
   • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
   • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)