Visa requirements for Russian citizens

Visa requirements for Russian citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Russia. As of 2 October 2019, Russian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 117 countries and territories, ranking the Russian passport 48th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

History

Visa requirements for Russian citizens were lifted (unilaterally or bilaterally, for the first time or repeatedly (in which case, the date of the last cancellation of visas is given) as the Soviet Union by Micronesia (18 December 1980);[2] as the Russian Federation by Dominica (11 March 1993),[3] Cuba (29 July 1994),[4] Antigua and Barbuda (6 November 1996),[5] Malaysia (1998), Namibia (August 2001), Morocco (13 June 2005),[6] Botswana (5 December 2006),[7] Thailand (24 March 2007), Swaziland (12 June 2007),[8] Laos (1 September 2007),[9] Philippines (19 September 2007), Ecuador (20 June 2008), Israel (20 September 2008), Vietnam (1 January 2009), Nicaragua (19 March 2009),[10] Venezuela (6 March 2009), El Salvador and Honduras (31 March 2009),[11] Bahamas (1 April 2009), Guatemala (1 April 2009),[12] Colombia (20 April 2009),[13] Argentina (29 June 2009), Hong Kong (1 July 2009), Brazil (7 June 2010), Guyana (1 August 2010),[14] Trinidad and Tobago (December 2010),[15] Chile (18 January 2011), Turkey (April 2011),[16] Saint Lucia (27 September 2011),[17] Uruguay (27 December 2011), Georgia (until December 2000, visa-free for residents of Caucasian Regions from October 2010, resumed for all citizens on 29 February 2012), Macau (30 September 2012), Mauritius (November 2012), Jamaica (11 March 2013),[18] Saint Kitts and Nevis (28 May 2013),[19] South Korea (1 January 2014), Costa Rica (until 1 February 2008,[20] resumed from 12 April 2014),[21][22] Panama (14 April 2014),[23] Paraguay (20 October 2014),[24][25] Mongolia (resumed from 14 November 2014),[26] Tunisia (1 December 2014),[27] Turks and Caicos (2006 – September 2011, resumed in April 2015), Nauru (14 May 2015), Indonesia (10 June 2015),[28][29] Bolivia (3 October 2016),[30] Senegal (resumed in December 2016), South Africa (30 March 2017), São Tomé and Príncipe (25 April 2017),[31][32] Qatar (22 June 2017),[33] Brunei (8 January 2018), Taiwan (6 September 2018),[34] Palau (27 December 2018),[35][36] United Arab Emirates (17 February 2019),[37][38] Suriname (13 May 2019), Cabo Verde (4 July 2020).[39]

Henley & Partners Passport Index. 2007 – Q1 2018. Russia.

Mexico has introduced Electronic Authorization for Russian citizens from 1 November 2010.

Visas on arrival were introduced by Iran (July 2005), Zimbabwe (20 November 2007), Bahrain (November 2008), Guinea-Bissau (April 2012), Mozambique (resumed in February 2017),[40] Gabon (12 October 2017), Rwanda (1 January 2018),[41] Benin (15 March 2018),[42] Sierra Leone (5 September 2019), Saudi Arabia (28 September 2019), Myanmar (1 October 2019).

Russian citizens were made eligible for eVisas by Singapore (December 2009), Sri Lanka (January 2012), Montserrat (September 2012), São Tomé and Príncipe (2012), Myanmar (1 September 2014), India made Russian citizens eligible for the e-Visa (27 November 2014), Kenya (2 July 2015), Gabon (15 June 2015), Australia (Electronic Visitor visa from 1 October 2015),[43] Lesotho (1 May 2017), Saint Helena (2018), Djibouti (18 February 2018),[44] Oman (7 May 2018),[45] Tanzania (26 November 2018),[46] Papua New Guinea (17 June 2019),[47] Saudi Arabia (28 September 2019), Guinea and Malawi (October 2019).

The following countries/territories have reinstated visa requirements for Russian citizens: Estonia (1 July 1992),[48] Latvia (20 March 1993),[49] Lithuania (1 November 1993),[50] North Korea (22 May 1997), Turkmenistan (June 1999), Slovenia (December 1999),* Czech Republic (29 May 2000),* Slovakia (1 January 2001),* Hungary (14 June 2001),* Bulgaria (October 2001),* Poland (1 October 2003),* Cyprus (1 January 2004),* Romania (October 2004),* Croatia (1 April 2013),* Kosovo (1 July 2013),[51] Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands (3 October 2019).[52][53]

*Visa policy has been synchronized with the visa policy of the EU because of accession of these countries to the European Union.

The provision of visas on arrival to Russian citizens were discontinued by Mali (9 March 2015).

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for holders of regular Russian passports
  Russia
  Visa free with Internal passport
  Visa not required
  Visa on arrival
  Electronic authorisation or online payment required / eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

Visa requirements

Visa requirements for holders of normal passports traveling for tourist purposes:

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
 Afghanistan Visa required[54] Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Afghanistan.[55]
 Albania Visa required[56]
  • Visa not required until November 30, 2020 for tourism and private visits.[57]
  • Visa-free entry for up to 90 days for valid USA, United Kingdom or Schengen Member State ('C' or 'D' visa) visa holders.
 Algeria Visa required[58]
 Andorra Visa required[59]
 Angola eVisa[60] 30 days
  • Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested such pre-visa from the consulates of Angola abroad, are then issued with a visa on arrival at the country's border check points.
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within a one year period.[61]
  • Besides having printed confirmation that a visa will be issued upon arrival, passengers must: have a return/onward ticket, and have a hotel reservation confirmation.[62]
X
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[63] 180 days
 Argentina Visa not required[64] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Armenia Visa not required[65] 180 days
 Australia and territories Visa required[66]
  • May apply online (Online Visitor e600 visa).[67]
 Austria Visa required[68]
 Azerbaijan Visa not required[69] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  • If staying more than 15 days passengers visiting relatives must register with local police. If staying in a hotel, this will be arranged by the hotel.
  • The Government of Azerbaijan bans the entry of anyone that is of Armenian descent.
 Bahamas Visa not required[70] 3 months
  • Extension of stay is possible.
X
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[71] 14 days/
1 month
  • Visas can be issued on arrival for a stay up to 1 month.[72]
  • Visa can be extended for an additional two weeks.
  • eVisa issued for 14 days, extendable once.
X
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[73] 30 days
  • Visitors can apply to extend their stay when in the country.
X
 Barbados Visa not required[74] 28 days X
 Belarus Visa not required[75][76]
  • Freedom of movement
 Belgium Visa required[77]
 Belize Visa required[78]
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[79][80] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
X
 Bhutan Visa required[81]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
  • Visitors are required to book with a registered tour operator in Bhutan.
 Bolivia Visa not required [82] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[83] 30 days
  • 30 days within any 2-month period
 Botswana Visa not required[84] 90 days
  • Extension to the visa-free period must be applied for in advance.
 Brazil Visa not required[85] 90 days
 Brunei Visa not required[86] 14 days
 Bulgaria Visa required[87]
  • 90 days within any 180-day period for holders 'C' visa issued by Croatia, Cyprus, Romania or a Schengen Member State.
 Burkina Faso Visa required[88]
 Burundi Visa required[89]
  • Passengers holding an entry authorisation letter from the authorities may obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 1 month.
 Cabo Verde Visa not required[90][91] 60 days
  • Visas can be issued on arrival for a stay up to 3 months
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[92] 30 days X
 Cameroon Visa required[93]
  • May apply online.[94]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Canada Visa required[95]
 Central African Republic Visa required[96]
 Chad Visa required[97]
  • Visitors holding an 'entry authorisation' letter can pick up a visa on arrival.
 Chile Visa not required[98] 90 days
  • Extension of stay possible for additional 90 days.
 China Visa required[99]
  • Visa not required for 30 days for travelling as part of an accredited tour group.
  • May visit Suifenhe without a visa for up to 15 days if travelling with at least one companion.[101]
  • Residents of Amur Oblast may visit Heihe without a visa for a day.[102]
 Colombia Visa not required[103] 90 days
  • Extendable up to 180-day stay within a one-year period.
 Comoros Visa on arrival[104] 45 days X
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[105]
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[106]
 Costa Rica Visa not required[107] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[108] 3 months
  • eVisa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
X
 Croatia Visa required[109]
  • 90 days within any 180-day period for valid Bulgaria, Romania, Cyprus or a Schengen Member State ('C', a double or multiple) visa holders.
 Cuba Visa not required[110] 90 days
  • Within any 180 day period[111]
 Cyprus Visa required[112]
  • Pro-Visa issued online free of charge valid for 90 per 180 days in a year (single entry). Paper multi-visa 'C' is free as well.
  • 90 days within any 180-day period for valid Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania or a Schengen Member State visa holders.
 Czech Republic Visa required[113]
 Denmark Visa required[114]
 Djibouti eVisa[115] 31 days
  • Visa on arrival is still available according to IATA Timatic.
X
 Dominica Visa not required[116] 90 days
  • Allowed stay is 90 days within any 180 day period (3 months).
  • 6 months for valid Canada, USA, United Kingdom or a Schengen Member State visa holders.
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[117] 60 days X
 Ecuador Visa not required[118] 90 days
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[119] 30 days
  • eVisa issued for 30 days.[120]
  • Extension of stay is possible.
  • Visa free for tourists arriving at Sharm El Sheik, Saint Catherine or Taba airports and remaining in the Sinai resorts for a maximum stay of 15 days.
X
 El Salvador Visa not required[121] 3 months
  • Extension of stay is possible for 90 days.
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[122]
 Eritrea Visa required[123]
  • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.[124]
 Estonia Visa required[125]
 Eswatini Visa not required[126] 30 days
  • Extension of stay possible for a maximum of 90 days in total.
X
 Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[127] up to 90 days X
 Fiji Visa not required[130] 4 months
 Finland Visa required[131]
 France Visa required[132]
 Gabon eVisa / Visa on arrival[133] 90 days
  • eVisa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.[134]
X
 Gambia Visa required[135][136]
 Georgia Visa not required[137] 1 year Due to absence of Russian diplomatic representation in the country, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Georgia.[138] X
 Germany Visa required[139]
 Ghana Visa required[140]
  • Pre-arranged emergency visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Greece Visa required[141]
 Grenada Visa not required[142] 3 months
 Guatemala Visa not required[143] 90 days
  • Extension of stay is possible for 90 days.
 Guinea eVisa[144] 90 days X
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[145] 90 days X
 Guyana Visa not required[146] 3 months
 Haiti Visa not required[147] 3 months X
 Honduras Visa not required[148] 3 months
 Hungary Visa required[149]
 Iceland Visa required[150]
 India e-Visa[151] 90 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][152]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice in one calendar year.
X
 Indonesia Visa not required[153] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[154]
X
 Iran Visa on arrival[155] 30 days X
 Iraq Visa required[156] Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Iraq.[157]
 Ireland Visa required[158]
  • Visa waiver for UK 'C' visa holders until October 2021. Entry permitted only if first point of entry to the Common Travel Area is in the UK.[159]
 Israel Visa not required[160] 3 months
  • Extension of stay is possible.
 Italy Visa required[161]
 Jamaica Visa not required[162] 90 days
 Japan Visa required[163]
 Jordan Visa on arrival[164] 2 months
    X
     Kazakhstan Visa not required[165] 90 days
     Kenya eVisa / Visa on arrival[166] 3 months
    • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Rwanda or Uganda.[167]
    X
     Kiribati Visa required[168]
     North Korea Visa required[169]
     South Korea Visa not required[170] 60 days
    • A maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period.
     Kuwait Visa required[171]
    • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
     Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[172] Unlimited stay
     Laos Visa not required[173] 30 days
     Latvia Visa required[174]
    • 90 days within any 180-day period for holders of border traffic permit.
     Lebanon Visa on arrival[175] 1 month
    • 1 month extendable for 2 additional months.
    • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
    X
     Lesotho eVisa[176][177] X
     Liberia Visa required[178]
    • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.[179]
     Libya Visa required[180] Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Libya.[181]
     Liechtenstein Visa required[182]
     Lithuania Visa required[183]
     Luxembourg Visa required[184]
     Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[185] 90 days X
     Malawi eVisa[186] 90 days X
     Malaysia Visa not required[187] 30 days X
     Maldives Visa not required[188] 90 days[189]
     Mali Visa required[190]
     Malta Visa required[191]
     Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[192] 90 days X
     Mauritania Visa on arrival[193] X
     Mauritius Visa not required[194] 90 days
     Mexico Electronic Authorization[195][196] 180 days
    • Electronic permit gives the right to enter the country only by air.
    • 180 days for valid Canada, Japan, USA, United Kingdom or a Schengen Member State visa holders.
    X
     Micronesia Visa not required[197] 30 days
    • Extension of stay is possible.
    X
     Moldova Visa not required[198] 90 days
    • 90 days within any 180-day period
     Monaco Visa required[199]
     Mongolia Visa not required[200] 30 days
     Montenegro Visa not required[201] 30 days
     Morocco Visa not required[202] 3 months X
     Mozambique Visa on arrival[203] 30 days[204] X
     Myanmar eVisa / Free visa on arrival[205] 28 days X
     Namibia Visa not required[206] 3 months
    • 3 months within one calendar year period
    X
     Nauru Visa not required[207] 15 days[208]
       Nepal Visa on arrival[209] 90 days
    • Extension of stay is possible of up to 150 days.
    • Business travellers can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 5 years, subject to a fee and a license issued by the Ministry of Industry.
    X
     Netherlands Visa required[210]
     New Zealand Visa required[211]
    • May apply online,[212] electronic visa is available.[213]
     Nicaragua Visa not required[214] 90 days
    • Tourist card must be obtained on arrival, subject to a fee.
    • Extension of stay is possible.
     Niger Visa required[215]
     Nigeria Visa required[216]
    • May apply online.[217]
    • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.[218]
     North Macedonia Visa not required[219] 90 days
    • 90 days within any 6-month period
    • Without a voucher and an invitation/letter of guarantee until 15 March 2020.[220]
    X
     Norway Visa required[221]
    • 15 days for holders of border traffic permit.
     Oman eVisa[222][223] 30 days X
     Pakistan Online Visa[224]
    • Online Visa eligible.[225]
    • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[226]
    X
     Palau Visa not required[227] 30 days
     Panama Visa not required[228] 180 days
     Papua New Guinea e-Visa[229] 30 days X
     Paraguay Visa not required[230] 90 days
     Peru Visa not required[231] 183 days
     Philippines Visa not required[232] 30 days
    • A visa on arrival is available for a maximum stay of 59 days.
    • Extension of stay is only possible for those who obtained a visa on arrival, to a maximum of 1 year.
    X
     Poland Visa required[233]
     Portugal Visa required[234]
     Qatar Visa not required[235] 90 days
     Romania Visa required[236]
    • 90 days within any 180-day period for valid Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus or a Schengen Member State ('C', a double or multiple) visa holders.
     Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[237] 30 days
    • A visa on arrival is available for 30 days.
    • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Uganda.[167]
    X
     Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[238] 3 months
     Saint Lucia Visa not required[239] 6 weeks X
     Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[240] 90 days
    • 90 days within any 180 day period
     Samoa Visa not required[241] 60 days[242]
     San Marino Visa required[243]
     São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[244] 15 days[31][32] X
     Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[245][246] 90 days X
     Senegal Visa on arrival[247] 90 days X
     Serbia Visa not required[248] 30 days
     Seychelles Visa not required[249] 30 days
     Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[250] X
     Singapore eVisa[251]
    • Some provisions for 96 hours visa-free transit.
    X
     Slovakia Visa required[252]
     Slovenia Visa required[253]
     Solomon Islands Visa required[254]
    • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
     Somalia Visa on arrival[255] 30 days Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Somalia.[256] X
     South Africa Visa not required[257] 90 days
    • Extension of stay possible for an additional 90 days.
     South Sudan Visa required[258] Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit South Sudan.[259]
     Spain Visa required[260]
     Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[261] 30 days[262]
    • Extension of stay possible for an additional 150 days.
    X
     Sudan Visa required[263]
    • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
     Suriname Visa not required[264] 90 days
    • 90 days within 180-day period[265]
     Sweden Visa required[266]
      Switzerland Visa required[267]
     Syria Visa required[268] Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Syria.[269]
     Tajikistan Visa not required[270] Unlimited stay
     Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[271][272] 3 months X
     Thailand Visa not required[273] 30 days
    • Extension of stay is possible.
     Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[274] 30 days X
     Togo Visa on arrival[275] 7 days X
     Tonga Visa on arrival[276] 31 days
    • Extension of stay for a further 5 months is possible.
    X
     Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[277] 90 days X
     Tunisia Visa not required[278] 3 months X
     Turkey Visa not required[279] 60 days
    • A maximum total stay of 90 days within any 180-day period.
    X
     Turkmenistan Visa required[280]
    • Pre-arranged visa can be picked up on arrival.
     Tuvalu Visa on arrival[281] 1 month X
     Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[282] 3 months
    • May apply online.[283]
    • Can also be entered on an East Africa Tourist Visa issued by Kenya or Rwanda.[167]
    X
     Ukraine Visa not required[284] 90 days
     United Arab Emirates Visa not required[285] 90 days
    • 90 days within any 180-day period
     United Kingdom and Crown dependencies Visa required[286]
    • 24-hours visa-free visit: 1) when in transit to/from Australia, Canada, New Zealand or USA, or 2) if holder of residence permit issued by Australia, Canada, New Zealand or USA, or 3) if holder of certain EEA or Switzerland visas, or 4) if holder of certain Irish visas[287][288]
     United States Visa required[289]
     Uruguay Visa not required[290] 3 months
    • Extension of stay possible for additional 90 days.
     Uzbekistan Visa not required[291] 90 days
     Vanuatu Visa not required[292] 90 days
    • 90 days within any 180-day period
      Vatican City Visa required[293]
     Venezuela Visa not required[294] 90 days
    • Extension of stay is possible for a further 90 days.
     Vietnam Visa not required[295] 15 days X
     Yemen Visa required[298] Due to safety concerns, Russian government advises its citizens not to visit Yemen.[299]
     Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[300] 90 days
    • For those travelling to Zambia for business, the maximum stay is 30 days in any one-year period.
    • Tourists are allowed 90 days in any one-year period.
    • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe; also eligible for e-Visa.[301]
    X
     Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[302] 3 months
    • For those travelling to Zimbabwe for business, a visa on arrival can also be issued for a maximum stay of 30 days.
    • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia; also eligible for e-Visa.[303]
    X

    Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories

    Unrecognized or partially recognized countries
    Territory Conditions of access Notes
     Abkhazia Visa not required[304] 90 days; internal passport can be used.
     Kosovo Visa required[305]
    • Visa is not required for holders of a valid biometric residence permit issued by one of the Schengen member states or a valid multi-entry Schengen Visa, a holder of a valid Laissez-Passer issued by United Nations Organizations, NATO, OSCE, Council of Europe or European Union a holder of a valid travel documents issued by EU Member and Schengen States, United States of America, Canada, Australia and Japan based on the 1951 Convention on Refugee Status or the 1954 Convention on the Status of Stateless Persons, as well as holders of valid travel documents for foreigners (max. 15 days stay)[306]
    Nagorno-Karabakh (Artsakh) Visa not required[307] Travelers with Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[308]
     Northern Cyprus Visa not required[309]
     Novorossiya Restricted area Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[310][311]
     Palestine Visa not required[312] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[313]
     Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
     Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[314][315]
     South Ossetia Visa not required[316][317] Internal passport can be used.
     Taiwan Visa not required[318] 21 days; effective from September 6, 2018, to July 31, 2021[319]
     Transnistria Visa not required[320] Registration required after 24 hours.[321][322]
    Dependent and autonomous territories
    Territory Conditions of access Notes
    China
     Hong Kong Visa not required[323] 14 days
     Macau Visa not required[324] 30 days
    Denmark
     Faroe Islands Visa required[325]
     Greenland Visa required[325]
    France
     Clipperton Island Special permit required[326]
     French Guiana Visa required[327] Visa free for 3 months within any 6-month period for each territory for holders a valid multiple-entry Schengen Member State 'C' visa issued by a French consular authority. The validity period of the visa must be between 6 months and 5 years.
     French Polynesia Visa required[328]
    French West Indies
    Guadeloupe Visa required[327]
    Martinique Visa required[327]
    Saint Barthélemy Visa required[329]
    Saint Martin Visa required[329]
     Mayotte Visa required[330]
     New Caledonia Visa required[331]
     Réunion Visa required[327]
     Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa required[327]
     Wallis and Futuna Visa required[332]
    Netherlands
     Aruba Visa required[333] Holders of a valid visa issued by a Schengen Member State ('C' or 'D' visa), Ireland or United Kingdom do not require a visa for 90 days for each territory.
    Caribbean Netherlands
     Bonaire Visa required[333]
     Sint Eustatius
     Saba
     Curaçao Visa required[333]
     Sint Maarten Visa required[333]
    New Zealand
     Cook Islands Visa not required[334] 31 days
     Niue Visa not required[335] 30 days
     Tokelau Permit required[336]
    Norway
    Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[337] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[338]
    Svalbard Visa not required Unlimited period under Svalbard Treaty[339] but it's practically impossible to board a flight/ferry to Svalbard without entering Norway. Hence double entry Schengen visa would be required to go and come back from Svalbard to mainland Norway.
    United Kingdom
     Akrotiri and Dhekelia Visa required[340]
     Anguilla Visa required[341][342] Holders of a valid visa issued by the United Kingdom do not require a visa for 3 months.
     Bermuda Visa required[343] Holders of a multiple-entry visa issued by Canada, USA or the United Kingdom valid for at least 45 days beyond the period of intended stay in Bermuda do not require a visa for 3 months.
    Visa free for a maximum stay of 3 months if transiting through the United Kingdom.
     British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required[344]
     British Virgin Islands Visa required[345]
     Cayman Islands Visa required[346]
     Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Visa required[347]
     Gibraltar Visa required[348] Holders of a valid visa issued by the United Kingdom do not require a visa.
    Visa not required if holding a Schengen multiple entry visa with a minimum remaining validity of 7 days or visiting on a day trip as part of an organised tour arranged through a Gibraltar-based tour operator.
     Montserrat eVisa[349]
     Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[350][351][352]
    Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
     Saint Helena eVisa[353][354]
     Ascension Island Admission refused[355][356] From May 2015, the Ascension Island Government does not issue entry visas including eVisas to nationals of Russia.[357]
     Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[358]
     South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[359][360]
     Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required[361] 90 days[362]
    United States
     American Samoa Entry permit required[363]
     Guam Visa required[364]
     Northern Mariana Islands Visa required[365]
     Puerto Rico Visa required[366]
     U.S. Virgin Islands Visa required[367]
    Antarctica and adjacent islands
    Special permits required for  Bouvet Island,  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[368][369][370][371][372][373][374][375][376][377][378][379]
    Other territories

    Visa replacement

    Certain countries waive the visa requirement if the visitor is in the possession of a valid visa or residence card of another country.

    Non-ordinary passports

    Holders of diplomatic or service Russian passports have visa-free access to the following additional countries and territories (mutual and unilateral):[415]

    Type of passportVisa-free access
    Diplomatic passports onlyAndorra, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,[lower-alpha 1] Germany, Greece, Italy, Jordan, Kosovo, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Mauritania, Monaco, Netherlands,[lower-alpha 2] Norway, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, San Marino, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Vatican City
    Diplomatic and service passportsAbkhazia, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros (on arrival), Cook Islands, Congo, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Jamaica, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya (on arrival), Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Macau, Madagascar (on arrival), Malawi (on duty), Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Island (on arrival), Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niue, North Korea, North Macedonia, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Palestine, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, São Tomé and Principe, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, South Korea, South Ossetia, South Sudan (on arrival), Sri Lanka, Suriname, Syria, Swaziland, Tanzania (on arrival), Tajikistan, Thailand, East Timor (on arrival), Togo (on arrival), Tonga (on arrival), Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos, Tuvalu (on arrival), Uganda (on arrival), Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia (on arrival), Zimbabwe
    1. Including French overseas departments and territories.
    2. Including the Kingdom of the Netherlands in the Caribbean.

    Longer period of stay or more beneficial terms than that for ordinary passport holders is provided by Argentina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, South Korea, Montenegro, Nicaragua, North Macedonia, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, El Salvador, Serbia, Thailand, Turkey, Uruguay, Venezuela.

    Holders of diplomatic and service Russian passports do not have visa-free access to Israel.

    APEC Business Travel Card

      Full members of the scheme
      Transitional members (United States, Canada)

    Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[416]

    1 – up to 90 days
    2 – up to 60 days
    3 – up to 59 days

    The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[417]

    • no need to apply for a visa or entry permit to APEC countries, as the card is treated as such (except by  Canada and  United States)
    • undertake legitimate business in participating economies
    • expedited border crossing in all member economies, including transitional members
    • expedited scheduling of visa interview (United States)

    Limitations on passport use

    •  Arab League: As a result of the Arab League boycott of Israel, many Arab League countries refuse entry to travelers whose passport shows evidence of entry into Israel or hold an unused Israeli visa.
      • Iran: Admission is refused for holders of passports containing an Israeli visa/stamp in the last 12 months[418]
    •  Azerbaijan: As a result of the Nagorno-Karabakh War between Azerbaijan and Armenia, Azerbaijan refuses entry to individuals of Armenian descent who hold Russian Federation or other passports.[419] It also strictly refuses entry to foreigners in general whose passport shows evidence of entry into the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, declaring them a so-called personae non gratae.[420]

    Vaccination

    Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination. Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area.[421]

    Passport validity

    Many countries require passport validity of no less than 6 months and one or two blank pages.[422]

    Foreign travel statistics

    According to the national statistics these are the numbers of Russian visitors arriving to various countries per annum:[423]

    Foreign travel statistics
    DestinationNumber of visitors from RussiaYear
     Abkhazia 4,357,937 2017
     Afghanistan 1,463 2017
     American Samoa[424] 6 2016
     Angola[425] 7,305 2015
     Antarctica[426] 330 2017
     Antigua and Barbuda[427] 372 2017
     Argentina[428] 8,138 2015
     Armenia 410,302 2017
     Aruba[429] 968 2015
     Australia[430] 15,200 2017
     Austria[note 1][431] 272,300 2016
     Azerbaijan[432] 744,125 2016
     Bahamas[433] 1,498 2015
     Bahrain 12,712 2017
     Barbados[note 1][434] 909 2016
     Belgium[435] 60,386 2016
     Belarus[436] 1,230,000 2017
     Bermuda[note 2][437] 101 2015
     Bhutan[438] 243 2016
     Bolivia[439] 1,745 2016
     Bosnia and Herzegovina[440] 5,268 2017
     Botswana[441] 1,065 2015
     Brazil[442] 18,820 2017
     Bulgaria[443] 522,085 2018
     Cambodia[444] 53,164 2016
     Cameroon[note 1][445] 7,151 2014
     Canada[446] 24,401 2017
     Cayman Islands[note 2][447] 65 2017
     Chile[448] 6,003 2017
     China[449][450] 1,976,000 2016
     Colombia[451] 5,157 2015
     Congo[452] 4,023 2012
     Costa Rica[453] 4,657 2017
     Croatia[454] 119,689 2017
     Cuba[436] 75,000 2017
     Cyprus[455] 783,631 2018
     Czech Republic[note 1][456] 551,191 2017
     Denmark 41,002 2017
     Dominica[457] 44 2015
     Dominican Republic[458] 245,346 2017
     Ecuador[459] 7,313 2014
     Egypt[460] 2,338,900 2015
     Estonia 1,803,249[461] / 238,636[note 1][462] 2017
     Finland 3,629,121[461] / 373,701[note 1][463] 2018
     France[464] 620,028 2015
     French Polynesia[465] 287 2017
     Georgia[466] 1,404,757 2018
     Germany[467] 607,422 2016
     Greece[468] 512,789 2015
     Guam[note 2][469] 3,352 2017
     Guatemala[470] 2,576 2014
     Hong Kong[471] 148,098 2017
     Hungary[note 1][472] 138,941 2016
     Iceland[473] 14,282 2018
     India[474] 278,904 2017
     Indonesia[475] 88,520 2016
     Iran 24,336 2017
     Iraq 2,451 2017
     Israel[476] 330,500 2017
     Italy[477] 864,000 2016
     Jamaica[478] 1,018 2017
     Japan[479] 77,200 2017
     Jordan[480] 49,384 2016
     Kazakhstan[481] 1,708,873 2017
     Kyrgyzstan[482] 471,400 2017
     Laos[483] 10,986 2017
     Latvia 424,842[484] / 241,435[note 1][485] 2017
     Lebanon[486] 16,205 2016
     Lithuania 742,333[484] / 150,600[487] 2016
     Luxembourg[note 1][488] 6,659 2016
     Macao[489] 27,037 2017
     Macedonia[note 1][490] 4,213 2016
     Madagascar[491] 264 2015
     Malaysia[492] 67,564 2017
     Maldives[493] 61,931 2017
     Malta[494] 16,370 2016
     Malawi[495] 154 2009
     Mali[496] 444 2014
     Mauritius[493] 11,153 2017
     Mexico[note 2][497] 32,337 2015
     Moldova[498] 314,266 2017
     Monaco[436] 46,000 2016
     Mongolia[499] 106,935 2017
     Montenegro[note 1][500] 316,826 2016
     Morocco[436] 20,000 2017
     Myanmar[501] 5,487 2016
     Namibia[502] 2,943 2015
     Netherlands[503] 175,000 2017
     New Zealand[504] 6,640 2017
     Nicaragua[505] 1,464 2016
     Northern Mariana Islands[506] 2,130 2017
     North Korea 4,359 2017
     Norway 138,902 2017
     Oman[507] 4,858 2017
     Pakistan[508] 2,500 2009
     Palau[509] 337 2016
     Panama[510] 4,525 2015
     Papua New Guinea[511] 414 2016
     Peru[512] 8,648 2017
     Philippines[513] 33,279 2017
     Poland[514] 2,052,400 2016
     Portugal[515] 98,000 2015
     Qatar 87,595 2017
     Romania[516] 66,734 2016
     Saudi Arabia 7,745 2017
     Serbia[note 1][517] 49,765 2018
     Seychelles[518] 13,191 2017
     Singapore[519] 80,134 2017
     Slovakia[note 1][520] 35,919 2016
     Slovenia[note 1][521] 51,803 2017
     South Africa[522] 7,244 2015
     South Korea[523] 270,427 2017
     South Ossetia 451,918 2017
     Spain[524] 1,222,426 2018
     Sri Lanka[525] 59,191 2017
     Sudan 268 2017
     Suriname[526] 72 2017
     Sweden 63,689 2017
      Switzerland 251,142 2017
     Taiwan[527] 9,226 2017
     Tajikistan 116,000[436] 2017
     Tanzania[528] 7,435 2016
     Thailand[529] 1,346,219 2017
     Tunisia[436] 520,000 2017
     Turkey[530] 5,964,631 2018
     Turkmenistan 27,490 2017
     Ukraine[531] 1,464,764 2017
     United Arab Emirates[532] 530,000 2017
     United Kingdom[533] 199,000 2017
     United States[note 3][534] 344,368 2017
     Uruguay[535] 3,114 2015
     Uzbekistan 137,001 2017
     Venezuela[536] 9,035 2013
     Vietnam[537] 574,164 2017
    1. Counting only guests in tourist accommodation establishments.
    2. Data for arrivals by air only.
    3. Total number includes tourists, business travelers, students, exchange visitors, temporary workers and families, diplomats and other representatives and all other classes of nonimmigrant admissions (I-94).
    gollark: Working and communicating with each other, I mean.
    gollark: In the A, B and C example, I'd want servers B and C to continue working even if A fails.
    gollark: I mean, more generally, if I ensure that the servers are arranged acyclically, it gets easier, but that also has redundancy issues.
    gollark: Yes, but I want redundancy.
    gollark: I wonder if it would be possible to somehow run skynet routing on top of BGP or something insane like that.

    See also

    References and notes

    References
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    4. Under Visa Agreement on 3 December 1993
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    47. Rescission of Discretionary Parole Policies Relating to Nationals of the Russian Federation Seeking Entry Into Guam and/or the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands for a Temporary Visit for Business or Pleasure
    48. Visa information, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan.
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    59. Visa, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.
    60. Visitor visa options, Department of Home Affairs of Australia.
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    63. Countries with visa-free travel regime, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan (in Azerbaijani).
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    65. Bahrain eVisas, Ministry of Interior of Bahrain.
    66. "Bahrain Electronic Visa Service". Evisa.gov.bh. Retrieved 2017-10-03.
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    68. Visa requirements for foreign nationals entering Barbados, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade of Barbados, 3 June 2009.
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    Notes
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