Goilalan languages
The Goilalan or Wharton Range languages are a language family spoken around the Wharton Range in the "Bird's Tail" of New Guinea. They were classified as a branch of the Trans–New Guinea languages by Stephen Wurm (1975), but only tentatively retained there in the classification of Malcolm Ross (2005) and removed entirely by Timothy Usher (2020).[3]
Goilalan | |
---|---|
Wharton Range | |
Geographic distribution | Wharton Range, Central Province, Papua New Guinea |
Linguistic classification | Binanderean–Goilalan[1]
|
Glottolog | goil1242[2] |
![]() Map: The Goilalan languages of New Guinea
The Goilalan languages
Trans–New Guinea languages
Other Papuan languages
Austronesian languages
Uninhabited |
Languages
The languages are,[3]
The languages are clearly related, especially northern Biagai, Kunimaipa, and Weri, which might be considered divergent dialects.
Pronouns
Pronouns are:
Tauade also has the possessive pronouns ne-ve, ni-e.
Evolution
Fuyuge reflexes of purported proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[4]
- baba ‘father’ < *mbapa
- sabe ‘saliva’ < *si(mb,p)at
- magata ‘mouth, jaw’ < *maŋgat[a]
- mele-pila ‘tongue’ < *mele-mbilaŋ
- imu ‘eye’ < *(ŋg,k)amu
- ije ‘tree’ < *inda
gollark: (How dare it not know exactly what I'm thinking at all times)
gollark: * unregulation, stupid phone
gollark: Fair, I guess you need infrastructure and relative in regulation.
gollark: I'm planning to avoid the US eternally.
gollark: I guess shipping stuff there is hard.
References
- New Guinea World, Oro – Wharton Range
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Goilalan". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- NewGuineaWorld - Wharton Range
- Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
- Ross, Malcolm (2005). "Pronouns as a preliminary diagnostic for grouping Papuan languages". In Andrew Pawley; Robert Attenborough; Robin Hide; Jack Golson (eds.). Papuan pasts: cultural, linguistic and biological histories of Papuan-speaking peoples. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. pp. 15–66. ISBN 0858835622. OCLC 67292782.
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