Kolopom languages

The Kolopom languages are a family of Trans–New Guinea languages in the classifications of Stephen Wurm (1975) and of Malcolm Ross (2005). Along with the Mombum languages, they are the languages spoken on Yos Sudarso Island (Kolopom Island).

Kolopom
Geographic
distribution		Kolopom Island, New Guinea
Linguistic classificationTrans–New Guinea
  • Kayagar–Kolopom
    • Kolopom
Glottologkolo1268[1]
Map: The Kolopom languages of New Guinea
  The Kolopom languages
  Other Trans–New Guinea languages
  Other Papuan languages
  Austronesian languages
  Uninhabited

Languages

The Kolopom languages are,[2]

Phonemes

Usher (2020) reconstructs the consonant inventory as follows:[2]

*m*n
*p*t*s*k
*mb*nd*ndz*ŋg
[*w][*r][*j][*ɣ]
*i*u
*e*ɵ*o
*æ*a

Pronouns

Usher (2020) reconstructs the pronouns as:[2]

sgpl
1 *n[a/o]*nie
2 *K[a/o] (?)*ŋgie
3 *ep*emDe

Cognates

Cognates among Kolopom languages listed by Evans (2018):[3]

Kolopom family cognates
glossKimaghamaRiantanaNdomMarori
stonemɛtɛmɛtoemɛtəmɛrɛ / mara
cheekcamacəma–sama
namenɛnanarneɣ / naw
ropeniɛnanɛɣnaʒ

Evolution

Kolopom reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[4]

Kimaghana language:

  • kura ‘leg’ < *k(a,o)ndok[V]
  • nome ‘louse’ < *niman
  • nanu ‘older sibling’ < *nana(i)

Riantana language:

  • mu ‘breast’ < *amu
  • modo ‘head’ < *mVtVna
  • nome ‘louse’ < *niman
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References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Kolopom". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. New Guinea World, Kolopom
  3. Evans, Nicholas (2018). "The languages of Southern New Guinea". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 641–774. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
  4. Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
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