Kutubuan languages

The Kutubuan languages are a small family of neighboring languages families in Papua New Guinea. They are named after Lake Kutubu in Papua New Guinea.

Kutubuan
Laku Kutubu
Geographic
distribution		Lake Kutubu region, Southern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea
Linguistic classificationPapuan Gulf ?
  • Kikorian
    • Kutubuan
Subdivisions
GlottologNone

Languages

There has been some debate over whether they are closer to each other than to other languages, but Usher includes them both in the Kikorian branch of the tentative Papuan Gulf stock. Within the two branches, the lexicostatistical figures are 60–70%. Between the two branches, they are 10–20%.

Evolution

Proposed Kutubu reflexes of proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) etyma are:[1]

Foi language:

  • gage- ‘carry on back’ < *kak(i,u)
  • ku- ‘die’ < *kumV-
  • na- ‘eat’ < *na-
  • korage ‘leg’ < *k(a,o)ondok[V]
  • gariko ‘neck’ < *k(a,e)(nd,t)ak
  • ira ‘tree’ < *inda
  • kuba ‘wind’ < *kumbutu
  • ya ‘bird’ < *yaka(i)
  • babo ‘mother’s sister’ < *mbamba ‘older same sex sibling’

Fasu language:

  • ku- ‘die’ < *kumV-
  • na- ‘eat’ < *na-
  • reke- ‘stand’ < ta,e,i)k[V]
  • ama ‘mother’ < *am(a,i)
  • apa ‘father’ < *apa
  • himu ‘heart, stomach’ < *simb(i,u)
  • iti ‘hair’ < *iti[C]
  • korake ‘leg’ < *k(a,o)ndok[V]
  • kinu ‘shoulder’ < *kinV
  • kau ‘skin’ < *k(a,o)(nd,t)apu
  • sikini ‘hand’ < *sa(ŋg,k)(a,i)l
  • pisi ‘urine’ < *pisi
  • mane(raka) ‘make the law’ < *mana ‘instructions’
  • horop ‘long’ < *k(o,u)ti(mb,p)V
  • api(a) ‘husband’ < *ambi ‘man’
  • papa ‘mother’s sister’ < *mbamba ‘older same sex sibling’
  • ira ‘tree’ < *inda
  • sakipu ‘sand’ < *sa(ŋg,k)asiŋ
  • kupa ‘wind’ < *kumbutu
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References
  1. Pawley, Andrew; Hammarström, Harald (2018). "The Trans New Guinea family". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 21–196. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.
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