Harákmbut–Katukinan languages
Harákmbut–Katukinan is a proposal linking the South American indigenous language families Harákmbut and Katukinan. There is reasonably good evidence that the two are related.[1] Jolkesky (2011) also adds Arawan to the Harákmbut–Katukinan group.[2]
| Harákmbut–Katukinan | |
|---|---|
| Geographic distribution | Peru, Brazil |
| Linguistic classification | Proposed language family |
| Subdivisions | |
| Glottolog | None |
Family division
- Harákmbut
- Huachipaeri (also known as Huachipaire, Wacipaire)
- Amarakaeri
- Katukinan
- Katukina-Kanamari (also known as Kanamarí)
- Katawixi (also known as Catawishi)
- ? Arawan
Jolkesky (2011) considers Arawan to be closer to Harákmbut than to Katukinan.[2]
Internal branching of the Arawá-Katukína-Harakmbet family according to Jolkesky (2011):[2]
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Language contact
Jolkesky (2016) notes that there are lexical similarities with Arawakan languages due to contact.[3]
Vocabulary
The following table from Adelaar (2000) lists lexical cognates between Kanamari and Harákmbut:[4]
no. Spanish gloss
(original)English gloss
(translated)Kanamarí Harakmbut 1 casa house hak hák 2 diente tooth i -id 3 pie foot i -iʔ 4 nariz nose o(h) pak -õh 5 cabeza head ki -kɨ 6 río river wa(h) -wɛ̃ʰ 7 huevo egg takarapu po 'objeto redondo (round object)' 8 lengua tongue noko nõʔ 9 mano hand ba -ᵐba 10 hoja leaf hakba, taroba eʔᵐba 11 estómago stomach ma wa-mẽʔ 'hígado (liver)' 12 ojo eye iko -kpo 13 sangre blood mimi mĩmĩ 14 barriga belly min -mĩn 'intestino (intestines)' 15 brazo arm pan wa-ᵐbaʔagᵑ 'omóplato (shoulderbone)' 16 jaguar jaguar pida(h) apetpet 17 nombre name wadik -ⁿdik 18 dentro, en inside, in naki wa-ẽk 'barriga (belly)' 19 yuca yucca tawa 'yuca (variedad dulce) (sweet variety of yuca)' táᵊre 20 campo cultivado cultivated field bao(h) [taʔ]ᵐba 21 negro black tik sik-ⁿda 22 camino road dan ⁿagᵑ 23 nuevo new (a)boawa -ᵐbo-ⁿda 24 palo, árbol stick, tree o(h)man wẽⁱmẽⁱ 25 carne meat barahai áiʔ 'hueso (bone)'; -hẽn 'carne (meat)' 26 comer eat pu pe 27 venir come dakdyi e-tʃiak 28 defecar defecate dokna ⁿdoʔ 29 llegar; ir arrive; go waokdyi 'llegar' waʔ 'ir' 30 leña firewood i(h)ta ɨtaʔ 31 tubillo tube itakon itak-pi 'espinilla (shin)' (Huachipairi) 32 nube cloud kodo'omi kurudⁿ 33 cuelo cuelo kodoh kɨ'rɨdⁿ 34 viejo; finado old; dead kidak 'ser viejo (be old)' kʉuⁿdak 'finado (dead)' 35 quebrar, romper break kuruk ketek 36 venado deer ba(h)tyi ᵐbáwiʰ 37 cargar load ik yʉuk 38 pel pel dak -síⁿdak 39 animal animal bara 'caza, animal (game, animal)' aᵐbʉuredⁿ 40 hermano brother aponpia pogᵑ 'hermano mayor de la mujer (elder brother of wife)' 41 padre father pama áːpagᵑ 42 madre mother nyama náŋʔ 43 cabello hair poi -wih 'vello (body hair)' 44 cuerpo body boro ᵐboroʔ 'grande (big)' 45 soplar blow po(h)po(h)[man] po 46 dormir sleep kitan táⁱʔ 47 niño boy opu 'hijo; pequeño (son; small)' wa-ʂí-po 48 humo smoke omi oʔsĩwĩ 49 hamaca hammock homo horoʔɛʔ 50 volver return kinhina korʉudⁿ 51 lluvia rain hin ówiʔ 52 hermana (vocativo) sister (vocative) miyo mĩŋʔ 53 testículos testicles pada kon wãⁿda 'fruita redonda u oblonga (round or oblong fruit)'
For a list of cognates sets by Jolkesky (2011)[2], see the corresponding Portuguese article.
gollark: Your exam contained Huffman coding? Fascinating.
gollark: I'll inform the bees.
gollark: I see.
gollark: What was "operating system"?
gollark: Only silly audiophile people would want that though.
References
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Wiktionary has word lists at Appendix:Harákmbut-Katukina word lists |
- Campbell, Lyle; Grondona, Verónica (2012). The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide. Walter de Gruyter. p. 91. ISBN 9783110258035.
- Jolkesky, Marcelo. 2011. Arawá-Katukína-Harakmbet: correspondências fonológicas, morfológicas e lexicais. Encontro Internacional: Arqueologia e Linguística Histórica das Línguas Indígenas Sul-Americanas Brasília, 24 a 28 de outubro de 2011.
- Jolkesky, Marcelo Pinho de Valhery (2016). Estudo arqueo-ecolinguístico das terras tropicais sul-americanas (Ph.D. dissertation) (2 ed.). Brasília: University of Brasília.
- Adelaar, Willem F. H. 2000. Propuesta de un nuevo vínculo genético entre dos grupos lingüísticos indígenas de la Amazonía occidental: Harakmbut y Katukina. In Luis Miranda Esquerre (ed.), Actas del I Congreso de Lenguas Indígenas de Sudamérica, 219-236. Lima: Universidad Ricardo Palma, Facultad de Lenguas Modernas, Departamento Académico de Humanidades.
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