Monocarboxylate transporter 2

Monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) also known as solute carrier family 16 member 7 (SLC16A7) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC16A7 gene.[5] MCT2 is a proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporter. It catalyzes the rapid transport across the plasma membrane of many monocarboxylates such as lactate, branched-chain oxo acids derived from leucine, valine and isoleucine, and the ketone bodies acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. It also functions as high-affinity pyruvate transporter.

SLC16A7
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC16A7, MCT2, solute carrier family 16 member 7
External IDs	OMIM: 603654 MGI: 1330284 HomoloGene: 20990 GeneCards: SLC16A7
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q14.1 Start 59,596,029 bp[1] End 59,789,855 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10|10 D3 Start 125,219,270 bp[2] End 125,389,465 bp[2]
Gene ontology Molecular function • pyruvate transmembrane transporter activity • symporter activity • pyruvate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity • lactate transmembrane transporter activity • monocarboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity Cellular component • integral component of membrane • cell membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • membrane Biological process • monocarboxylic acid transport • lactate transmembrane transport • pyruvate transmembrane transport • transmembrane transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	9194	20503
Ensembl	ENSG00000118596	ENSMUSG00000020102
UniProt	O60669	O70451
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001270622 NM_001270623 NM_004731	NM_011391 NM_001358496 NM_001358915
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001257551 NP_001257552 NP_004722	NP_035521 NP_001345425 NP_001345844
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 59.6 – 59.79 Mb	Chr 10: 125.22 – 125.39 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Both Northern blot analysis and inspection of the human expressed sequence tag (EST) database suggest relatively little expression of MCT2 in human tissues. As well, the sequence of MCT2 is far less conserved across species than that of MCT1 or MCT4 and there also appear to be considerable species differences in the tissue expression profile of this isoform.

Of the four known mammalian lactate transporters (MCTs 1-4), MCT2 harbors the highest affinity for lactate.[6] In parallel, MCT2 gene transcription has been demonstrated to respond with high-sensitivity to hypoxia, intracellular pH, and, to lactate.[7]

See also

• Monocarboxylate transporter

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000118596 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020102 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Garcia CK, Goldstein JL, Pathak RK, Anderson RG, Brown MS (Apr 1994). "Molecular characterization of a membrane transporter for lactate, pyruvate, and other monocarboxylates: implications for the Cori cycle". Cell. 76 (5): 865–73. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90361-1. PMID 8124722.
6. Halestrap AP (Jan 2012). "The monocarboxylate transporter family--Structure and functional characterization". IUBMB Life. 64 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1002/iub.573. PMID 22131303.
7. Caruso JP, Koch BJ, Benson PD, Varughese E, Monterey MD, Lee AE, Dave AM, Kiousis S, Sloan AE, Mathupala SP (Feb 2017). "pH, Lactate, and Hypoxia: Reciprocity in Regulating High-Affinity Monocarboxylate Transporter Expression in Glioblastoma". Neoplasia. 19 (2): 121–134. doi:10.1016/j.neo.2016.12.011. PMC 5238458. PMID 28092823.

Further reading

• Pértega-Gomes N, Vizcaíno JR, Gouveia C, Jerónimo C, Henrique RM, Lopes C, Baltazar F (2013). "Monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2) as putative biomarker in prostate cancer". Prostate. 73 (7): 763–9. doi:10.1002/pros.22620. hdl:1822/24037. PMID 23192371.
• Lee I, Lee SJ, Kang WK, Park C (2012). "Inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter 2 induces senescence-associated mitochondrial dysfunction and suppresses progression of colorectal malignancies in vivo". Mol. Cancer Ther. 11 (11): 2342–51. doi:10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-12-0488. PMID 22964484.
• Cheng C, Edin NF, Lauritzen KH, Aspmodal I, Christoffersen S, Jian L, Rasmussen LJ, Pettersen EO, Xiaoqun G, Bergersen LH (2012). "Alterations of monocarboxylate transporter densities during hypoxia in brain and breast tumour cells". Cell Oncol (Dordr). 35 (3): 217–27. doi:10.1007/s13402-012-0081-9. PMC 3396336. PMID 22700320.
• Lauritzen F, Heuser K, de Lanerolle NC, Lee TS, Spencer DD, Kim JH, Gjedde A, Eid T, Bergersen LH (2012). "Redistribution of monocarboxylate transporter 2 on the surface of astrocytes in the human epileptogenic hippocampus". Glia. 60 (7): 1172–81. doi:10.1002/glia.22344. PMC 3664041. PMID 22535546.
• Halestrap AP (2012). "The monocarboxylate transporter family--Structure and functional characterization". IUBMB Life. 64 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1002/iub.573. PMID 22131303.