Cuisine of São Tomé and Príncipe

Santomean cuisine comprises the cuisine, dishes and foods of São Tomé and Príncipe, a Portuguese-speaking island nation in the Gulf of Guinea, off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa. The country consists of two archipelagos around the two main islands: São Tomé and Príncipe, located about 140 kilometres (87 mi) apart and about 250 and 225 kilometres (155 and 140 mi), respectively, off the northwestern coast of Gabon.

Location of São Tomé and Príncipe
A marketplace in São Tomé, the country's capital, serves as a venue for local fishermen and farmers
A close-up map of São Tomé and Príncipe

Overview

Domestic food-crop production is inadequate to meet local consumption, so the country imports much of its food.[1] In 1997 it was estimated that 90 percent of the country's food needs are met through imports.[1] Furthermore, the country is not self-sufficient in meat and food grain production,[1] and is reliant upon imports of these foods. In 2003 it was estimated that 8.33% of the country's total land is arable.[2]

Primary food crops include bananas, breadfruit, taro, maize, beans, papaya, palm oil, and primary agricultural production crops for export include cocoa, copra and coffee.[1][3] Fish and seafood is prominent in São Tomése and Príncipe cuisine, and the fishing industry there contributes approximately 25 percent to the country's gross domestic product.[1][4] Poultry is also raised in São Tomé and Príncipe.[1] The nation's cuisine has been influenced and shaped by African and Portuguese settlers.[5]

Common foods

Staple foods include fish, seafood, beans, maize and cooked banana.[4][6] Tropical fruits such as pineapple, avocado and bananas are a significant component of the cuisine.[4] The use of hot spices is prominent in São Tomése cuisine.[4] Coffee is utilized in various dishes as a spice or seasoning.[4] Breakfast dishes are often reheated leftovers from the previous evening's meal.[6]

  • Arroz doce is a traditional breakfast food prepared with sweet corn and coconut.[6]
  • Banana pap is a porridge[5]
  • Barriga de peixe is a traditional Santomean dish of grilled fish served with rice, breadfruit or manioc (cassava).[6]
  • Blablá [6]
  • Broa (corn roll) [6]
  • Cachupa is a dish prepared with green beans, broad beans and corn.[6]
  • Calulu is a traditional dish prepared with grouper or smoked fish, prawns, tomato, okra, aubergines (eggplant), onion, and spices, including grains of paradise.[4][6] Some versions of the dish may include or use smoked chicken, breadfruit, óssame (a red, bulbous fruit) or bananas.[6] It takes around five hours for traditional calulu to be prepared.[6]
  • Chicken
  • Chicken with coffee sauce is prepared with chicken, coffee, white wine, cream, garlic, coffee beans and spices.[4]
  • Coconut
  • Djogo [6]
  • Flying fish, both cooked and dried varieties[6]
  • Jackfruit [6]
  • Mango [6]
  • Omelettes [6]
  • Boiled pork is a dish prepared with pork, tomato, spinach, onion, garlic and spices.[4]
  • Jackfruit being prepared for consumpution
  • Fishermen land their catch of fish in Sao Tomé
  • Shrimp and French fries as served in a local hotel, São Tomé
  • Fish calulu, a typical dish from São Tomé and Príncipe

Beverages
Coconut water

Alcoholic beverages
  • Aquardente is a distilled beverage prepared from sugar cane.[6]
  • Nacional is the country's national beer.[6] Other beers, such as Super Bock and Sagres lager are imported from Portugal.[6] Criollo is another brand of beer produced in the country.[6]
  • Gravana rum is prepared from sugar cane.[6]
  • Palm wine is considered a national drink of São Tomé and Príncipe.[6]
  • Ponche is a cocktail prepared with honey and Aquardente.[6]
  • Wines, typically imported from Portugal[6]

Street foods
Cooked corn on the cob. Street vendors in São Tomé and Príncipe sometimes offer grilled corn on the cob.[6]

Street foods include stews, safú (a fruit) and corn on the cob.[6]

Delicacies

Estufa de morcego is a bat stew delicacy that is served on saints days and during fiestas.[6]

Desserts and sweets

Snack foods
  • Banana seca is a dried, whole banana that has a smoky flavor.[6]
  • Bobofrito is a specialty of Príncipe that consists of bananas fried in coconut oil.[6]
  • Bread rolls with Portuguese salami and sausages[5]
  • Fios is a snack food prepared with corn flour and bananas.[6]
  • Gigumba (peanut brittle) [6]
  • Palla-palla are crisps prepared with cocoyam or banana.[6]

Condiments
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See also

References
  1. Agricultural Marketing Directory for U.S. & Africa Trade - Mary E. Lassanyi, Wayne Olson. p. 206.
  2. "São Tomé and Príncipe: Agriculture". NationMaster. Archived from the original on 23 February 2014. Retrieved 8 February 2014.
  3. Sao Tomé and Príncipe - Recent Economic Developments and Selected Issues (EPub) - International Monetary Fund. p. 70.
  4. The Recipes of Africa - Dyfed Lloyd Evans. pp. 174-176.
  5. São Tomé. Foodspring. Accessed February 2014.
  6. Sao Tome and Principe - Kathleen Becker. pp. 74-79.

Further reading
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