Syrian Jewish cuisine

Syrian Jewish cuisine is the cuisine of the Syrian Jews. Although almost all Jews had left Syria by 2016, their cuisine has been preserved in books and family recipes.[1]

History and influences

Since biblical times there have been Jews in the area comprising modern-day Syria.[2] Syrian Jewish cuisine is distinct from Ashkenazi Jewish cuisine foods like gefilte fish, knish, or other dishes more familiar as Jewish in the United States, whose Jewish community was overwhelmingly Ashkenazi.[3] In fact, in the diaspora Syrian Jewish dishes often differ from those of other Jews because they contain rice and dried fruits and other seasonings not found in other regional Jewish foodway.[2] Because Jews are prohibited to mix meat and dairy, Syrian Jewish cuisine differed from standard Syrian cuisine because it used oil instead of butter or lamb fat in fried foods.[2] After 1492 when the Sephardim were expelled from Spain, many Sephardic Jews came to Syria and brought a few dishes with Spanish names like bastel. Some immigrants from Italy in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries (the so-called Francos) brought with them Italian dishes such as calsone (a sort of cheese ravioli). These foods were intermixed with the local Syrian Mizrahi and Musta'arabi Jewish cuisine creating new flavors and styles. Syrian Jews also improved versions of Syrian dishes, by emphasizing fruit and sweet-sour flavors. The Syrian Jews of Aleppo also made heavy use of tamarind.[2] In fact tamarind based sauces are distinctively unique to Syrian Jewish cuisine.[4]

Elements

Characteristic of the Middle East and the Indo-Mediterranean Basin, Syrian Jewish cuisine contains many elements of cuisines from a wide geographic area. Moorish and Iberian elements arrived after Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492. Syrian Jewish merchants trading along the spice route also imported spices from the Far East and land of Persia, making rose water and lime an important addition to their cuisine.[2] Naturally, elements of Syrian Jewish cuisine were adopted by non-Jewish communities in Syria while Syrian Jews also adopted non-Jewish Syrian flavors into their dishes. Syrian Jewish dishes differ in very specific ways from other Syrian cuisines. The addition of cinnamon, cumin and allspice to dishes, as well as the use of Moroccan saffron with Persian olives and preserved lemons help to distinguish the cuisine from standard Syrian foods.[5]

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See also

References
  1. Charles Perry. "Preserving a Cuisine". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
  2. Jeff Diamant and Vicki Hyman (July 23, 2009). "N.J. corruption arrests strike core of Deal's Syrian Jewish community". New Jersey Star-Ledger. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
  3. DIANA JEAN SCHEMO (May 6, 1992). "Delicate Path to U.S. For Jews From Syria". New York Times. Retrieved February 14, 2011.
  4. GIL MARKS (2010). "Tamarind". Encyclopedia of Jewish Food. Retrieved February 21, 2011.
  5. EMILY MOORE (July 5, 2007). "The Glorious Jewish food of Syria". JTNews: The Voice of Jewish Washington. Retrieved February 21, 2011.

Other References
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