High jump
The high jump is a track and field event in which competitors must jump unaided over a horizontal bar placed at measured heights without dislodging it. In its modern most practiced format, a bar is placed between two standards with a crash mat for landing. In the modern era, athletes run towards the bar and use the Fosbury Flop method of jumping, leaping head first with their back to the bar. Since ancient times, competitors have introduced increasingly effective techniques to arrive at the current form.
Athletics High jump | |
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Canadian high jumper Nicole Forrester demonstrating the Fosbury flop | |
World records | |
Men | |
Women | |
Olympic records | |
Men | |
Women | |
Championship records | |
Men | |
Women |
The discipline is, alongside the pole vault, one of two vertical clearance events to feature on the Olympic athletics programme. It is contested at the World Championships in Athletics and IAAF World Indoor Championships, and is a common occurrence at track and field meetings. The high jump was among the first events deemed acceptable for women, having been held at the 1928 Olympic Games.
Javier Sotomayor (Cuba) is the current men's record holder with a jump of 2.45 m (8 ft 1⁄4 in) set in 1993 – the longest standing record in the history of the men's high jump. Stefka Kostadinova (Bulgaria) has held the women's world record at 2.09 m (6 ft 10 1⁄4 in) since 1987, also the longest-held record in the event.
Rules
The rules for the high jump are set internationally by the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). Jumpers must take off on one foot. A jump is considered a failure if the bar is dislodged by the action of the jumper whilst jumping or the jumper touches the ground or breaks the plane of the near edge of the bar before clearance. The technique one uses for the jump must be almost flawless in order to have a chance of clearing a high bar.
Competitors may begin jumping at any height announced by the chief judge, or may pass, at their own discretion. Most competitions state that three consecutive missed jumps, at any height or combination of heights, will eliminate the jumper from competition.
The victory goes to the jumper who clears the greatest height during the final. Tie-breakers are used for any place in which scoring occurs. If two or more jumpers tie for one of these places, the tie-breakers are: 1) the fewest misses at the height at which the tie occurred; and 2) the fewest misses throughout the competition.
If the event remains tied for first place (or a limited advancement position to a subsequent meet), the jumpers have a jump-off, beginning at the next greater height. Each jumper has one attempt. The bar is then alternately lowered and raised until only one jumper succeeds at a given height.[1]
History
The first recorded high jump event took place in Scotland in the 19th century. Early jumpers used either an elaborate straight-on approach or a scissors technique. In later years, soon then after, the bar was approached diagonally, and the jumper threw first the inside leg and then the other over the bar in a scissoring motion. Around the turn of the 20th century, techniques began to change, beginning with the Irish-American Michael Sweeney's Eastern cut-off. By taking off like the scissors and extending his spine and flattening out over the bar, Sweeney raised the world record to 1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) in 1895.
Another American, George Horine, developed an even more efficient technique, the Western roll. In this style, the bar again is approached on a diagonal, but the inner leg is used for the take-off, while the outer leg is thrust up to lead the body sideways over the bar. Horine increased the world standard to 2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) in 1912. His technique was predominant through the Berlin Olympics of 1936, in which the event was won by Cornelius Johnson at 2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in).
American and Soviet jumpers were the most successful for the next four decades, and they pioneered the evolution of the straddle technique. Straddle jumpers took off as in the Western roll, but rotated their (belly-down) torso around the bar, obtaining the most efficient and highest clearance (of the bar) up to that time. Straddle-jumper, Charles Dumas, was the first to clear 7 feet (2.13 m), in 1956, American John Thomas pushed the world mark to 2.23 m (7 ft 3 3⁄4 in) in 1960. Valeriy Brumel took over the event for the next four years. The elegant Soviet jumper radically sped up his approach run, took the record up to 2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in), and won the Olympic gold medal in 1964, before a motorcycle accident ended his career.
American coaches, including two-time NCAA champion Frank Costello of the University of Maryland, flocked to Russia to learn from Brumel and his coaches. However, it would be a solitary innovator at Oregon State University, Dick Fosbury, who would bring the high jump into the next century. Taking advantage of the raised, softer landing areas by then in use, Fosbury added a new twist to the outmoded Eastern Cut-off. He directed himself over the bar head and shoulders first, sliding over on his back and landing in a fashion which would likely have broken his neck in the old, sawdust landing pits. After he used this Fosbury flop to win the 1968 Olympic gold medal, the technique began to spread around the world, and soon floppers were dominating international high jump competitions. The last straddler to set a world record was Vladimir Yashchenko, who cleared 2.33 m (7 ft 7 1⁄2 in) in 1977 and then 2.35 m (7 ft 8 1⁄2 in) indoors in 1978.
Among renowned high jumpers following Fosbury's lead were Americans Dwight Stones and his rival, 1.73 metres (5 ft 8 in) tall Franklin Jacobs of Paterson, NJ, who cleared 2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄4 in), 0.59 metres (1 ft 11 in) over his head (a feat equalled 27 years later by Sweden's Stefan Holm); Chinese record-setters Ni-chi Chin and Zhu Jianhua; Germans Gerd Wessig and Dietmar Mögenburg; Swedish Olympic medalist and former world record holder Patrik Sjöberg; and female jumpers Iolanda Balaş of Romania, Ulrike Meyfarth of Germany and Italy's Sara Simeoni.
Technical aspects
Step by step
The most important aspect to put of all pieces of the jump together is the body mechanics the jumper uses to jump. Technique and form has evolved greatly over the history of high jump. The popularity of a style depend upon the time period as listed here:
Beginnings (1790 - 1875) --> two legged lift over bar / Basic Scissors (1875 - 1892) --> standing jump and straight run-up / Eastern Cut-off scissors (1892 - 1912) --> scissors with rotation / Western Roll (1912 - 1930) --> early straddle technique / Straddle (1930 - 1960) --> basic straddle technique / Dive Straddle (1960 - 1978) --> advanced straddle technique / Fosbury Flop (1968 - current) --> the currently most common technique used /
The Fosbury Flop is currently deemed as the most efficient way for competitors of the event to propel themselves over the bar. Still depending on the individual athletes specific strengths and weaknesses there are variations on the separate pieces that make up the jump.
Approach
For a Fosbury flop depending on the athletes jump foot they will start on the right of left of the mat. Placing their jump foot furthest away from the high jump mat. The athlete will have an eight to ten step approach in total, the last five steps being a curve with three or five steps before on a straight. The athlete will want to mark their approach to attempt to find as much consistency as possible.
The approach run of the high jump may actually be more important than the take-off. If a high jumper runs with bad timing or without enough aggression, clearing a high bar becomes more of a challenge. The approach requires a certain shape or curve, the right amount of speed, and the correct number of strides. The approach angle is also critical for optimal height.
The straight run will build the momentum and set the tone for the athletes jump. The athlete will start by pushing off with the take off foot with slow powerful steps then begin to quicken and accelerate them. The athlete should be tall and running up right by the end of their three or five steps.
On the first step of the curve the athletes take off foot will be landing, they will want to continue accelerating and curving focusing the body towards the opposite back corner of the high jump mat. While staying tall, erect, and leaning away from the mat the athlete should make sure that their final two steps are flat footed, rolling from the heel to toe as well as being the quickest steps.
Most great straddle jumpers have a run at angles of about 30 to 40 degrees. The length of the run is determined by the speed of the person's approach. A slower run requires about 8 strides. However, a faster high jumper might need about 13 strides. A greater run speed allows a greater part of the body's forward momentum to be converted upward.[2]
The J type approach, favored by Fosbury floppers, allows for horizontal speed, the ability to turn in the air (centripetal force), and good take-off position. This allows for horizontal momentum to turn into vertical momentum, propelling the jumper off the ground and over the bar. The approach should be a hard controlled stride so that a person does not fall from creating an angle with speed. Athletes should run tall and lean on the curve, from the ankles and not the hips. This allows the correct angle to force their hips to rotate during take-off, which allows their center of gravity to pass under the bar.[3]
Take-off
The take off can have slight variations depending on what feels most natural to the athlete. The double arm take off and the single arm take off. With most things in common, for both the athlete should make sure not to take off at the center of the bar. The plant foot should be the foot furthest away from the bar, angled towards the opposite back corner of the matt, and driving the non take off leg knee up. Keeping in mind this is a vertical jump pushing all force straight up. This will be accompanied with a one or two arm swing while driving the knee.
Unlike the classic straddle technique, where the take-off foot is "planted" in the same spot at every height, flop-style jumpers must adjust their take-off as the bar is raised. Their approach run must be adjusted slightly so that their take-off spot is slightly further out from the bar in order to allow their hips to clear the bar while still maintaining enough momentum to carry their legs across the bar. Jumpers attempting to reach record heights commonly fail when most of their energy is directed into the vertical effort, and they brush the bar off the standards with the backs of their legs as they stall out in mid-air.
An effective approach shape can be derived from physics. For example, the rate of backward spin required as the jumper crosses the bar to facilitate shoulder clearance on the way up and foot clearance on the way down can be determined by computer simulation. This rotation rate can be back-calculated to determine the required angle of lean away from the bar at plant, based on how long the jumper is on the take-off foot. This information, together with the jumper's speed in the curve, can be used to calculate the radius of the curved part of the approach. This is a lot of work and requires measurements of running speed and time of take-off foot on the ground. However, one can work in the opposite direction by assuming an approach radius and watching the resulting backward rotation. This only works if some basic rules are followed in how one executes the approach and take-off.
Drills can be practiced to solidify the approach. One drill is to run in a straight line (the linear part of the approach) and then run two to three circles spiraling into one another. Another is to run or skip a circle of any size, two to three times in a row.[4] It is important to train to leap upwards without first leaning into the bar, allowing the momentum of the J approach to carry the body across the bar.
Flight
The athlete's non take off leg knee will naturally turn their body placing them in the air with their back to the bar. The athlete will then drive their shoulders to the back of their feet arching their body over the bar. The athlete can look over their right should then judge appropriately when to kick both feet over their head causing their body to miss the bar and land on the mat. [5][6]
Training
In high jump, it helps if the athlete is tall, has long legs, and limited weight on their body. They must have a strong lower body and flexibility will help a lot as well. High jumpers tend to go through very vigorous training methods to achieve this ideal body frame.
Sprinting
High jumpers must have a fast approach so it is crucial to work on speed and also speed endurance. Many high jump competitions may take hours and athletes must make sure they have the endurance to last the entire competition. Common sprint endurance workouts for high jumpers include 200-, 400-, and 800-meter training. Other speed endurance training methods such as hill training or a ladder workout may also be used.
Weight lifting
It is crucial for high jumpers to have strong lower bodies and cores, as the bar progressively gets higher, the strength of an athlete's legs (along with speed and technique) will help propel them over the bar. Squats, deadlifts, and core exercises will help a high jumper to achieve these goals. It is important, however, for a high jumper to keep a slim figure as any unnecessary weight makes it difficult to jump higher.
Plyometrics
Arguably the most important training for a high jumper is plyometric training. Because high jump is such a technical event, any mistake in the technique could either lead to failure, injury, or both. To prevent these from happening, high jumpers tend to focus heavily on plyometrics. This includes hurdle jumps, flexibility training, skips, or scissor kick training. Plyometric workouts tend to be performed at the beginning of the workout. [7][8]
All-time top 25 high jumpers
Men (absolute)
Rank | Mark | Athlete | Date | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2.45 m (8 ft 1⁄4 in) | 27 July 1993 | Salamanca | ||
2 | 2.43 m (7 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | 5 September 2014 | Brussels | [13] | |
3 | 2.42 m (7 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | 30 June 1987 | Stockholm | ||
26 February 1988 | Berlin (indoor) | ||||
25 February 2014 | Prague (indoor) | [14] | |||
14 June 2014 | New York City | [15] | |||
7 | 2.41 m (7 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | 4 September 1985 | Kobe | ||
8 | 2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | 11 August 1985 | Donetsk | ||
20 June 1990 | Bratislava | ||||
10 March 1991 | Seville (indoor) | ||||
7 August 1991 | Zürich | ||||
5 August 2000 | London | ||||
6 March 2005 | Madrid (indoor) | ||||
8 February 2014 | Arnstadt (indoor) | ||||
25 April 2014 | Des Moines | ||||
3 July 2014 | Lausanne | [17] | |||
20 July 2018 | Fontvieille | [18] | |||
18 | 2.39 m (7 ft 10 in) | 10 June 1984 | Eberstadt | ||
24 February 1985 | Cologne (indoor) | ||||
1 March 1991 | Berlin (indoor) | ||||
15 July 2016 | Fontvieille | [19] | |||
22 | 2.38 m (7 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | 6 September 1987 | Rome | ||
4 September 1988 | Banska Bystrica | ||||
1 August 1993 | Belgrade | ||||
4 February 1994 | Wuppertal (indoor) | ||||
10 March 1994 | Weinheim (indoor) | ||||
12 July 1995 | Nice | ||||
18 August 1996 | Eberstadt | ||||
4 March 2000 | Atlanta (indoor) | ||||
15 February 2005 | Stockholm (indoor) | ||||
5 March 2005 | Oudtshoorn | ||||
8 July 2005 | Rome | ||||
25 July 2005 | London | ||||
25 February 2007 | Gothenburg (indoor) | ||||
30 May 2015 | Eugene | ||||
Notes
Below is a list of all other jumps equal or superior to 2.40 m:
- Javier Sotomayor also jumped 2.44 (1989), 2.43 (1988 & 1989), 2.42 (1994), 2.41 (1993) and 2.40 (1991, 1994 & 1995).
- Mutaz Essa Barshim also jumped 2.42 (2014) and 2.40 (2014, 2016, 2017 & 2018).
- Ivan Ukhov also jumped 2.41 (2014) and 2.40 (2009 & 2014).
- Bohdan Bondarenko also jumped 2.41 (2013) and 2.40 (2009).
- Patrik Sjöberg also jumped 2.41 (1987) and 2.40 (1989).
- Carlo Thränhardt also jumped 2.40 (1987).
Women (absolute)
Rank | Mark | Athlete | Date | Venue | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2.09 m (6 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | 30 August 1987 | Rome | ||
2 | 2.08 m (6 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | 6 February 2006 | Arnstadt (indoor) | ||
31 August 2009 | Zagreb | ||||
4 | 2.07 m (6 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | 20 July 1984 | Berlin | ||
8 February 1992 | Karlsruhe (indoor) | ||||
22 July 2011 | Cheboksary | ||||
7 | 2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) | 31 August 2003 | Saint-Denis | ||
28 August 2004 | Athens | ||||
14 June 2009 | Berlin | ||||
6 July 2017 | Lausanne | [20] | |||
20 June 2019 | Ostrava | [21] | |||
11 | 2.05 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | 22 June 1984 | Kiev | ||
15 September 1995 | Tokyo | ||||
23 August 2008 | Beijing | ||||
26 June 2010 | Des Moines | ||||
15 | 2.04 m (6 ft 8 1⁄4 in) | 9 September 1989 | Barcelona | ||
3 March 1995 | Berlin (indoor) | ||||
2 June 2002 | Kalamata | ||||
9 February 2011 | Banská Bystrica (indoor) | ||||
19 August 2012 | Eberstadt | ||||
22 June 2013 | Des Moines | ||||
30 September 2019 | Doha | [22] | |||
22 | 2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | 21 August 1983 | London | ||
8 July 1988 | Austin | ||||
30 May 1995 | Bratislava | ||||
3 August 1996 | Atlanta | ||||
23 January 1999 | Bucharest (indoor) | ||||
2 March 2002 | Vienna (indoor) | ||||
11 August 2012 | London |
Notes
Below is a list of all other jumps equal or superior to 2.05 m:
- Stefka Kostadinova also jumped 2.08 (1986), 2.07 (1986, 1987 & 1988), 2.06 (1985, 1986, 1987 & 1988) and 2.05 (1986, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1993 & 1996).
- Blanka Vlašić also jumped 2.07 (2007), 2.06 (2007, 2008 & 2010) and 2.05 (2007, 2008, 2009 & 2010).
- Kajsa Bergqvist also jumped 2.06 (2003) and 2.05 (2002 & 2006).
- Anna Chicherova also jumped 2.06 (2012) and 2.05 (2011 & 2012).
- Heike Henkel also jumped 2.05 (1991).
- Hestrie Cloete also jumped 2.05 (2003).
- Mariya Lasitskene also jumped 2.05 (2017, 2020i).
Olympic medalists
Men
Women
World Championships medalists
Men
Women
World Indoor Championships medalists
Men
Women
- A Known as the World Indoor Games
Athletes with most medals
Athletes who have won multiple titles at the two most important competitions, the Olympic Games and the World Championships:
- 3 wins: Javier Sotomayor (CUB) - Olympic Champion in 1992, World Champion in 1993 & 1997
- 3 wins: Stefka Kostadinova (BUL) - Olympic Champion in 1996, World Champion in 1987 & 1995
- 3 wins: Mariya Lasitskene (RUS) - World Champion in 2015, 2017 & 2019
- 2 wins: Gennadiy Avdeyenko (URS) - Olympic Champion in 1988, World Champion in 1983
- 2 wins: Charles Austin (USA) - Olympic Champion in 1996, World Champion in 1991
- 2 wins: Iolanda Balas (ROM) - Olympic Champion in 1960 & 1964
- 2 wins: Ulrike Meyfarth (FRG) - Olympic Champion in 1972 & 1984
- 2 wins: Heike Henkel (GER) - Olympic Champion in 1992, World Champion in 1991
- 2 wins: Hestrie Cloete (RSA) - World Champion in 2001 & 2003
- 2 wins: Blanka Vlasic (CRO) - World Champion in 2007 & 2009
- 2 wins: Anna Chicherova (RUS) - Olympic Champion in 2012, World Champion in 2011
Kostadinova and Sotomayor are the only high jumpers to have been Olympic Champion, World Champion and broken the world record.
Men
Athlete | Olympic Games | World Championships | World Indoor Championships | Continental Championships | Continental Indoor Championships | Universiade | Regional Games Mediterranean Pan American Asian |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | - | - | - | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 4 | 1 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 7 | 3 | 1 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 7 | 2 | 1 | |
0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 6 | 3 | 2 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | - | - | - | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 1 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
1 | 1 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 4 | 1 | 0 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 3 | 8 | 2 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 2 | 2 | 1 | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 |
Women
Athlete | Olympic Games | World Championships | World Indoor Championships | Continental Championships | Continental Indoor Championships | Universiade | Regional Games Mediterranean Pan American Commonwealth |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 13 | 2 | 0 | |
1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 2 | 4 | |
- | - | - | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | - | 8 | 2 | 0 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 4 | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 2 | |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 6 | 1 | 3 | |
2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 6 | 1 | 0 | |
2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | - | 5 | 2 | 0 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 5 | 1 | 4 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 5 | 1 | 0 | |
1 | 0 | * | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 4 | 4 | 3 | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | - | - | - | 4 | 2 | 2 | |
Alina Astafei (Romania & Germany) |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 4 | 3 | 2 |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | - | - | - | 3 | 1 | 1 | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
Season's bests
Men
|
Women
|
- "i" indicates indoor performance.
Height differentials
All time lists of athletes with the highest recorded jumps above their own height.[23][24]
Men
Rank | Differential | Athlete | Height | Mark |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.59 m (1 ft 11 in) | Franklin Jacobs | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | 2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄4 in) |
Stefan Holm | 1.81 m (5 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | 2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | ||
3 | 0.58 m (1 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | Rick Noji | 1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | 2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) |
Anton Riepl | 1.75 m (5 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | 2.33 m (7 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | ||
Linus Thörnblad | 1.80 m (5 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | 2.38 m (7 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | ||
6 | 0.57 m (1 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Hollis Conway | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | 2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) |
7 | 0.56 m (1 ft 10 in) | Takahiro Kimino | 1.76 m (5 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | 2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄4 in) |
Sorin Matei | 1.84 m (6 ft 1⁄4 in) | 2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | ||
Charles Austin | 1.84 m (6 ft 1⁄4 in) | 2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | ||
Aleksey Dmitrik | 1.84 m (6 ft 1⁄4 in) | 2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | ||
11 | 0.55 m (1 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | Hari Shankar Roy | 1.70 m (5 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | 2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) |
Robert Wolski | 1.76 m (5 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | 2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | ||
Marcello Benvenuti | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | 2.33 m (7 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | ||
Milton Ottey | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | 2.33 m (7 ft 7 1⁄2 in) |
Women
Rank | Differential | Athlete | Height | Mark |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.35 m (1 ft 1 3⁄4 in) | Antonietta Di Martino | 1.69 m (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 2.04 m (6 ft 8 1⁄4 in) |
2 | 0.33 m (1 ft 3⁄4 in) | Niki Bakoyianni | 1.70 m (5 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | 2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) |
Kajsa Bergqvist | 1.75 m (5 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | 2.08 m (6 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | ||
4 | 0.32 m (1 ft 1⁄2 in) | Emilia Dragieva | 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) | 2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) |
Yolanda Henry | 1.68 m (5 ft 6 in) | 2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | ||
6 | 0.31 m (1 ft 0 in) | Marie Collonvillé | 1.63 m (5 ft 4 in) | 1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) |
Inika McPherson | 1.65 m (5 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | 1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) | ||
8 | 0.30 m (11 3⁄4 in) | Cindy Holmes | 1.53 m (5 ft 0 in) | 1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) |
Jessica Ennis | 1.65 m (5 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | 1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | ||
Antonella Bevilacqua | 1.69 m (5 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | 1.99 m (6 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | ||
Lyudmila Andonova | 1.77 m (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | 2.07 m (6 ft 9 1⁄4 in) |
Female two metres club
As of July 2019, 73 different female athletes had ever been able to jump 2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in).[10][12]
National records
Men
Nation | Height | Athlete | Date | Place | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.45 m (8 ft 1⁄4 in) | Javier Sotomayor | 27 July 1993 | Salamanca | ||
2.43 m (7 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | Mutaz Essa Barshim | 5 September 2014 | Brussels | [25] | |
2.42 m (7 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | Patrik Sjöberg | 30 June 1987 | Stockholm | ||
2.42 m (7 ft 11 1⁄4 in) i | Carlo Thränhardt | 26 February 1988 | Berlin | ||
2.42 m (7 ft 11 1⁄4 in) i | Ivan Ukhov | 25 February 2014 | Prague | [26] | |
2.42 m (7 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | Bohdan Bondarenko | 14 June 2014 | New York City | [15] | |
2.41 m (7 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | Igor Paklin | 4 September 1985 | Kobe | ||
2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Sorin Matei | 20 June 1990 | Bratislava | ||
2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) i | Hollis Conway | 10 March 1991 | Seville | ||
2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Charles Austin | 7 August 1991 | Zürich | ||
2.40 m (7 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Derek Drouin | 25 April 2014 | Des Moines | [27] | |
2.39 m (7 ft 10 in) | Zhu Jianhua | 11 June 1983 | Beijing | ||
2.39 m (7 ft 10 in) | Gianmarco Tamberi | 15 July 2016 | Fontvieille | [19] | |
2.38 m (7 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | Dragutin Topic | 1 August 1993 | Belgrade | ||
2.38 m (7 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | Troy Kemp | 12 July 1995 | Nice | ||
2.38 m (7 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | Artur Partyka | 18 August 1996 | Eberstadt | ||
2.38 m (7 ft 9 1⁄2 in) | Jacques Freitag | 5 March 2005 | Oudtshoorn | ||
2.37 m (7 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Valeriy Sereda | 2 September 1984 | Rieti | ||
2.37 m (7 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Steve Smith | 20 September 1992 | Seoul | ||
22 August 1993 | Stuttgart | ||||
Robbie Grabarz | 23 August 2012 | Lausanne | [28] | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Sergey Zasimovich | 5 May 1984 | Tashkent | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Eddy Annys | 26 May 1985 | Ghent | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Jan Zvara | 23 August 1987 | Prague | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Clarence Saunders | 1 February 1990 | Auckland | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Georgi Dakov | 10 August 1990 | Brussels | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Lambros Papakostas | 21 July 1992 | Athens | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Tim Forsyth | 2 March 1997 | Melbourne | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Steinar Hoen | 1 July 1997 | Oslo | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Konstantin Matusevich | 5 February 2000 | Perth | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Jaroslav Baba | 8 July 2005 | Rome | ||
2.36 m (7 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Majd Eddin Ghazal | 18 May 2016 | Beijing | [29] | |
2.35 m (7 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Jean-Charles Gicquel | 13 March 1994 | Paris | ||
2.35 m (7 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Kyriakos Ioannou | 29 August 2007 | Osaka | ||
2.35 m (7 ft 8 1⁄2 in) i | Naoto Tobe | 2 February 2019 | Karlsruhe | [30] | |
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Rolandas Verkys | 16 June 1991 | Warsaw | ||
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Arturo Ortiz | 22 June 1991 | Barcelona | ||
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Andrey Sankovich | 15 May 1993 | Gomel | ||
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Lee Jin-Taek | 20 June 1997 | Seoul | ||
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Abderrahmane Hammad | 14 July 2000 | Algiers | ||
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Germaine Mason | 9 August 2003 | Santo Domingo | ||
2.34 m (7 ft 8 in) | Kabelo Kgosiemang | 4 May 2008 | Addis Ababa | ||
2.33 m (7 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | Gilmar Mayo | 17 October 1994 | Pereira | ||
2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Gennadiy Belkov | 29 May 1982 | Tashkent | ||
2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Jessé de Lima | 2 September 2008 | Lausanne | ||
2.32 m (7 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Rožle Prezelj | 17 June 2012 | Maribor | ||
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Roland Dalhäuser | 7 June 1981 | Eberstadt | ||
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Oleg Palaschevskiy | 12 August 1990 | Bryansk | ||
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Elvir Krehmic | 7 July 1998 | Zagreb | ||
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Mika Polku | 22 July 2000 | Hämeenkyrö | ||
Toni Huikuri | 11 June 2002 | Bratislava | |||
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Darvin Edwards | 30 August 2011 | Daegu | ||
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) A | Arturo Chávez | 11 June 2016 | Mexico City | [31] | |
2.31 m (7 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Eure Yáñez | 23 June 2017 | Luque | [32] | |
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Normunds Sietiņš | 20 July 1992 | Nurmijärvi | ||
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Marko Turban | 5 June 1996 | Rakvere | ||
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Wilbert Pennings | 7 August 1999 | Eberstadt | [33] | |
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Glenn Howard | 12 March 2000 | Christchurch | ||
Hamish Kerr | 26 June 2019 | Townsville | [34] | ||
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Adrian O'Dwyer | 24 June 2004 | Algiers | ||
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Gerardo Martinez | 15 April 2007 | Walnut | ||
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) i | Edgar Rivera | 9 February 2016 | Brno | [35] | |
4 February 2017 | Hustopeče | [36] | |||
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Nauraj Singh Randhawa | 27 April 2017 | Singapore | [37] | |
2.30 m (7 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Alperen Acet | 3 June 2018 | Cluj-Napoca | [38] | |
2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) | Hsiang Chun-hsien | 21 October 2015 | Kaohsiung | ||
2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) | David Adley Smith II | 23 April 2016 | Auburn | [39] | |
Luis Castro Rivera | 28 May 2016 | Sinn | [40] | ||
2.29 m (7 ft 6 in) | Tejaswin Shankar | 27 April 2018 | Lubbock | [41] | |
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Markus Einberger | 18 May 1986 | Schwechat | ||
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Einar Karl Hjartarson | 20 February 2001 | Reykjavík | ||
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | László Boros | 6 July 2005 | Debrecen | ||
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) i | Mohamed Younes Idris | 23 February 2014 | Bordeaux | [42] | |
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | 27 May 2015 | Namur | [43] | ||
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Fernand Djoumessi | 19 June 2014 | Bühl | [44] | |
2.28 m (7 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Jermaine Francis | 1 August 2018 | Barranquilla | [45] | |
2.27 m (7 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Jean-Claude Rabbath | 23 April 2004 | Beirut | ||
12 June 2004 | Bucharest | ||||
2.27 m (7 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Manjula Kumara Wijesekara | 23 July 2004 | Colombo | ||
4 September 2005 | Incheon | ||||
2.27 m (7 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | James Grayman | 7 July 2007 | Pergine Valsugana | ||
2.27 m (7 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Janick Klausen | 4 March 2011 | Paris | [46] | |
2.27 m (7 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Eugenio Rossi | 28 June 2015 | Caprino Veronese | [47] | |
2.26 m (7 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Keivan Ghanbarzadeh | 20 April 2012 | Shiraz | [48] | |
22 June 2015 | Bangkok | [49] | |||
2.26 m (7 ft 4 3⁄4 in) i | 20 September 2017 | Ashgabat | [50] | ||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) A | Fernando Pastoriza | 23 July 1988 | Mexico City | ||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | Erasmo Jara | 11 May 2002 | Rosario | ||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) A | Carlos Layoy | 6 June 2018 | Cochabamba | ||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | Henderson Dottin | 12 April 2008 | El Paso | ||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | Radu Tucan | 30 May 2008 | Chişinău | ||
Andrei Mîţîcov | 28 May 2016 | Tiraspol | |||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | Karim Samir Lotfy | 27 June 2008 | Eberstadt | ||
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) | Abdoulaye Diarra | 24 May 2015 | Tourcoing | [51] | |
2.25 m (7 ft 4 1⁄2 in) A | Mathieu Kiplagat Sawe | 31 July 2015 | Nairobi | [52] | |
2.24 m (7 ft 4 in) | Awuku Boateng | 8 August 1996 | Kitchener | ||
2.24 m (7 ft 4 in) i | Paulo Conceição | 6 March 2016 | Pombal | [53] | |
2.22 m (7 ft 3 1⁄4 in) | Fakhredin Fouad | 4 July 1991 | Amman | ||
2.22 m (7 ft 3 1⁄4 in) | Felipe Apablaza | 3 June 2001 | Cochabamba | ||
2.22 m (7 ft 3 1⁄4 in) | Boubacar Séré | 13 August 2006 | Bambous | ||
27 June 2007 | Celle Ligure | ||||
2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) | Paul Caraballo | 26 April 1997 | Des Moines | ||
2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) | Nawaf Ahmad Al-Yami | 15 June 2013 | Salzburg | ||
2.21 m (7 ft 3 in) | Alexander Bowen Jr. | 9 May 2015 | Albany | [54] | |
2.19 m (7 ft 2 in) | Salem Nasser Bakheet | 10 October 2002 | Busan | ||
9 December 2006 | Doha | ||||
2.19 m (7 ft 2 in) | Omar Wright | 13 May 2006 | El Paso | ||
2.19 m (7 ft 2 in) | Hussein Al-Ibraheemi | 19 May 2017 | Baku | [55] | |
2.17 m (7 ft 1 1⁄4 in) | Mahamat Idriss | 10 April 1966 | N'Djamena | ||
Paul Ngadjadoum | 29 March 1993 | N'Djamena | |||
Mathias Ngadjadoum | 7 April 1996 | N'Djamena | |||
2.17 m (7 ft 1 1⁄4 in) | Robert Bynoe | 17 April 1995 | George Town | ||
2.17 m (7 ft 1 1⁄4 in) | Kareem Roberts | 25 June 2017 | Port of Spain | [56] | |
2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) A | Karen Ardarian | 14 July 1984 | Yerevan | ||
Gerasim Hayrapetian | 15 June 1985 | ||||
Edik Mesropian | 15 October 1985 | ||||
2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) | Dieudonné Opata | 18 July 1998 | Pamplona | ||
2.16 m (7 ft 1 in) | Sayed Abbas Al-Alaoui | 10 April 2013 | Doha | ||
2.15 m (7 ft 1⁄2 in) | Henry Linton | 9 May 2009 | San José | ||
2.15 m (7 ft 1⁄2 in) | Andre Dermawan | 13 September 2012 | Pekanbaru | ||
Rizky Ghusyafa Pratama | 26 August 2017 | Bukit Jalil | [57] | ||
2.15 m (7 ft 1⁄2 in) | Shaddye Melu | 9 April 2016 | Spokane | [58] | |
2.14 m (7 ft 1⁄4 in) | Henri Elendé | 6 September 1964 | Châtellerault | ||
Jean-Claude Silao | 1 June 1997 | Dakar | |||
2.14 m (7 ft 1⁄4 in) | Estéve Martín | 26 June 1996 | Barcelona | ||
2.14 m (7 ft 1⁄4 in) | Jah Bennett | 28 April 2007 | Fresno | ||
2.12 m (6 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | Romain Akpo | 10 September 2010 | Abuja | ||
2.11 m (6 ft 11 in) | Muhamet Abazi | 6 July 1988 | Tirana | ||
2.11 m (6 ft 11 in) | Sajib Hossain | 5 May 2010 | Dhaka | [59] | |
2.10 m (6 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Orlando Bonifácio | 9 May 1982 | Luanda | ||
2.10 m (6 ft 10 1⁄2 in) A | Claudio Pinto | 12 November 1989 | La Paz | ||
2.10 m (6 ft 10 1⁄2 in) | Pierre de Windt | 24 September 2006 | Breda | ||
2.09 m (6 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Antonio Rahiman | 5 April 2003 | Suva | ||
Malakai Kaiwalu | 8 July 2016 | Suva | [60] | ||
2.09 m (6 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Zimbert Bramble | 11 April 2015 | Pittsburg | [61] | |
2.08 m (6 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | Moustapha N’Dir | 28 May 1970 | Dakar | ||
Kouami N’Dri | 5 May 1979 | Abidjan | |||
2.08 m (6 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | Wong Chi Wai | 19 May 2016 | Taoyuan | [62] | |
2.07 m (6 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Shehroz Khan | 18 November 2018 | Islamabad | [63] | |
2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) | Fidèle Bakamba | 3 April 1977 | Ilé-Ifẹ̀ | ||
2.05 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Jérôme Rutayisiré | 17 August 1986 | Gauvain | ||
2.05 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Stephane Varela | 11 January 2014 | Lisbon | ||
2.04 m (6 ft 8 1⁄4 in) | Demingo Kapal | 7 June 1992 | B. S. Begawan | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Sin Sitha | 5 August 1972 | Aachen | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Joel Wade | 17 August 1997 | Belize City | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Fethi Abdulmounem Aboud | 27 August 2008 | Amman | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Miguel van Assen | 31 March 2013 | Nassau | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Htin Linn | 28 April 2016 | Kallang | [64] | |
2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Theron Niles | 6 July 2014 | Basseterre | ||
1.98 m (6 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Surya Khatri | 12 July 2015 | Kathmandu | [65] | |
1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) | Erydit Rysha | 29 May 2016 | Bar | ||
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | David Birati | 10 May 2015 | Cairns | [66] | |
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Francisco Garth | 21 January 2017 | Managua | [67] | |
1.93 m (6 ft 3 3⁄4 in) | Ian Kagame | 30 April 2016 | Amherst | ||
1.90 m (6 ft 2 3⁄4 in) | Abdoul Skour | 1973 | Kabul | ||
1.90 m (6 ft 2 3⁄4 in) | Raffy Cartaciano | 7 May 2002 | Tumon | ||
1.89 m (6 ft 2 1⁄4 in) | Turuariki George Baxter | 25 September 2009 | Nikao | ||
1.89 m (6 ft 2 1⁄4 in) | Aaron Victorian | 12 February 2010 | San Jose | ||
1.87 m (6 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | Edward Calleja | 17 June 1998 | Marsa | ||
1.85 m (6 ft 3⁄4 in) | Mouhoussoine Soudjay | 23 May 2015 | Gagny | ||
1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | Mipham Yoezer Gurung | 7 July 2016 | Thimphu | [68] | |
Kinley Wangdy | [68] | ||||
1.55 m (5 ft 1 in) | Dood Deng Akoi | 13/14 June 2015 | Khartoum |
Women
Nation | Height | Athlete | Date | Venue | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.09 m (6 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Stefka Kostadinova | 30 August 1987 | Rome | ||
2.08 m (6 ft 9 3⁄4 in) i | Kajsa Bergqvist | 4 February 2006 | Arnstadt | ||
2.08 m (6 ft 9 3⁄4 in) | Blanka Vlašić | 31 August 2009 | Zagreb | ||
2.07 m (6 ft 9 1⁄4 in) i | Heike Henkel | 8 February 1992 | Karlsruhe | ||
2.07 m (6 ft 9 1⁄4 in) | Anna Chicherova | 22 July 2011 | Cheboksary | ||
2.06 m (6 ft 9 in) | Hestrie Cloete | 31 August 2003 | Saint-Denis | ||
2.05 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Inga Babakova | 15 September 1995 | Tokyo | ||
2.05 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Tia Hellebaut | 3 March 2007 | Birmingham | ||
2.05 m (6 ft 8 1⁄2 in) | Chaunte Lowe | 26 June 2010 | Des Moines | ||
2.04 m (6 ft 8 1⁄4 in) | Silvia Costa | 9 September 1989 | Barcelona | ||
2.04 m (6 ft 8 1⁄4 in) i | Antonietta Di Martino | 9 February 2011 | Banská Bystrica | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Niki Bakogianni | 3 August 1996 | Atlanta | ||
2.03 m (6 ft 7 3⁄4 in) | Monica Iagar | 23 January 1999 | Bucharest | ||
2.02 m (6 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | Ruth Beitia | 4 August 2007 | San Sebastián | ||
2.02 m (6 ft 7 1⁄2 in) i | Kamila Lićwinko | 21 February 2015 | Toruń | [69] | |
2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) | Olga Turchak | 7 July 1986 | Moscow | ||
2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) | Hanne Haugland | 13 August 1997 | Zürich | ||
2.01 m (6 ft 7 in) i | Airinė Palšytė | 4 March 2017 | Belgrade | [70] | |
2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Biljana Petrović | 22 June 1990 | Saint-Denis | ||
2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Tatyana Shevchik | 14 May 1993 | Gomel | ||
2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Britta Bilač | 14 August 1994 | Helsinki | ||
2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Zuzana Hlavoňová | 5 June 2000 | Prague | ||
2.00 m (6 ft 6 1⁄2 in) | Dóra Győrffy | 26 July 2001 | Nyíregyháza | ||
1.99 m (6 ft 6 1⁄4 in) | Eleanor Patterson | 28 February 2020 | Wellington | [71] | |
1.98 m (6 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Lyudmila Butuzova | 10 June 1984 | Sochi | ||
Svetlana Radzivil | 22 May 2008 | Cottbus | |||
Nadiya Dusanova | 17 July 2008 | Cottbus | |||
1.98 m (6 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Debbie Brill | 2 September 1984 | Rieti | ||
1.98 m (6 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Levern Spencer | 8 May 2010 | Athens | ||
1.98 m (6 ft 5 3⁄4 in) | Katarina Johnson-Thompson | 12 August 2016 | Rio de Janeiro | [72] | |
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Jin Ling | 7 May 1989 | Hamamatsu | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Valentīna Gotovska | 30 March 1992 | Vilnius | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Sigrid Kirchmann | 21 August 1993 | Stuttgart | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Olga Bolşova | 5 September 1993 | Rieti | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Solange Witteveen | 19 May 2001 | Manaus | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Juana Rosario Arrendel | 2 December 2002 | San Salvador | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) i | Mélanie Melfort | 5 February 2003 | Dortmund | ||
18 February 2007 | Aubière | ||||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Tatyana Efimenko | 11 July 2003 | Rome | ||
1.97 m (6 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Romary Rifka | 4 April 2004 | Xalapa | ||
1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) | Miki Imai | 15 September 2001 | Yokohama | ||
1.96 m (6 ft 5 in) | Anna Iljuštšenko | 9 August 2011 | Viljandi | ||
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Lucienne N'Da | 28 June 1992 | Belle Vue Maurel | ||
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Doreen Amata | 3 July 2008 | Abuja | ||
16 July 2011 | Eberstadt | [73] | |||
1 September 2011 | Daegu | [74] | |||
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Deirdre Ryan | 1 September 2011 | Daegu | ||
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Marija Vuković | 24 July 2016 | Berane | [75] | |
1.95 m (6 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Ella Junnila | 3 July 2019 | Tampere | [76] | |
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Amra Temim | 15 August 1987 | Varaždin | ||
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Amra Temim | 16 September 1988 | Thessaloniki | ||
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Pia Zinck | 8 August 1997 | Athens | [77] | |
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Bui Thi Nhung | 4 May 2005 | Bangkok | ||
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) i | Danielle Frenkel | 5 March 2011 | Paris | ||
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) | Nadine Broersen | 14 August 2014 | Zürich | [78] | |
1.94 m (6 ft 4 1⁄4 in) A | María Fernanda Murillo | 1 May 2019 | Medellín | [79] | |
1.93 m (6 ft 3 3⁄4 in) | Candeğer Oğuz | 16 May 2004 | Istanbul | [80] | |
1.93 m (6 ft 3 3⁄4 in) | Sheree Francis | 15 May 2010 | Spanish Town | ||
1.93 m (6 ft 3 3⁄4 in) i | Leontia Kallenou | 13 March 2015 | Fayetteville | [81] | |
1.93 m (6 ft 3 3⁄4 in) | 15 May 2015 | Starkville | [82] | ||
1.93 m (6 ft 3 3⁄4 in) i | Akela Jones | 27 February 2016 | Ames | [83] | |
1.92 m (6 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Orlane dos Santos | 11 August 1989 | Bogotá | ||
1.92 m (6 ft 3 1⁄2 in) A | Lissa Labiche | 9 May 2015 | Potchefstroom | [84] | |
1.92 m (6 ft 3 1⁄2 in) | Valentyna Liashenko | 27 June 2015 | Berdychiv | ||
1.91 m (6 ft 3 in) | Priscilla Frederick | 22 July 2015 | Toronto | [85] | |
1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) | Yeung Man Wai | 30 April 2017 | Taipei City | [86] | |
1.87 m (6 ft 1 1⁄2 in) i | Saniel Atkinson Grier | 24 January 2014 | Nashville | [87] | |
8 February 2014 | Blacksburg | [88] | |||
1.87 m (6 ft 1 1⁄2 in) | Abigail Kwarteng | 5 May 2018 | Lubbock | [89] | |
1.85 m (6 ft 3⁄4 in) i | Thea LaFond | 27 February 2014 | Clemson | [90] | |
1.85 m (6 ft 3⁄4 in) | 3 April 2015 | Gainesville | [91] | ||
1.85 m (6 ft 3⁄4 in) | Elodie Tshilumba | 9 June 2017 | Pierre-Bénite | [92] | |
1.84 m (6 ft 1⁄4 in) | Michelle Sng | 19 March 2015 | Laguna | [93] | |
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | Laura Agront | 2 June 1984 | San Juan | ||
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) A | Alysbeth Félix | 25 June 2016 | Cali | [94] | |
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | Sepideh Tavakkoli | 28 September 2014 | Incheon | [95] | |
1.83 m (6 ft 0 in) | Lorena Aires | 10 March 2018 | Montevideo | [96] | |
1.82 m (5 ft 11 1⁄2 in) | Besnet Moussad Mohamed | 13 April 2016 | Cairo | ||
1.82 m (5 ft 11 1⁄2 in) A | Candy Toche | 22 June 2019 | Cali | [97] | |
1.81 m (5 ft 11 1⁄4 in) i | Ghizlane Siba | 13 December 2014 | Manhattan | [98] | |
1.81 m (5 ft 11 1⁄4 in) | Yap Sean Yee | 19 March 2017 | Kuala Lumpur | [99] | |
1.80 m (5 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | Zindzi Swan | 14 May 2005 | Atlanta | ||
10 July 2005 | Nassau | ||||
Sakari Famous | 30 April 2016 | Hamilton | |||
1.80 m (5 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | Vanessa Jules | 22 May 2015 | Chula Vista | ||
1.80 m (5 ft 10 3⁄4 in) | Ariyat Dibow Ubang | 14 September 2015 | Brazzaville | [100] | |
1.80 m (5 ft 10 3⁄4 in) A | Erika Seyama | 11 March 2017 | Pretoria | ||
1.79 m (5 ft 10 1⁄4 in) | Nadia Anggraini | 28 April 2016 | Singapore | [101] | |
1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) i | Odile Ahouanwanou | 22 January 2017 | Eaubonne | [102] | |
1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | 14 July 2017 | Marseille | [103] | ||
1.77 m (5 ft 9 1⁄2 in) i | Shinelle Proctor | 31 May 2014 | Fayetteville | [104] | |
1.75 m (5 ft 8 3⁄4 in) | Wanetta Kirby | 6 June 2015 | West Long Branch | ||
11 July 2015 | New York City | ||||
1.73 m (5 ft 8 in) | Mariyam Abdul Hameed | 16–18 March 2017 | Baghdad | ||
21 May 2017 | Bangkok | ||||
1.72 m (5 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | Carine Bitchakjin | 11 August 2000 | Jamhour | ||
1.71 m (5 ft 7 1⁄4 in) i | Katy Sealy | 20 December 2015 | London | ||
1.71 m (5 ft 7 1⁄4 in) | Shawntell Lockington | 16 September 2017 | Suva | ||
1.70 m (5 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Addo Ndala | 16 June 1990 | Quimper | ||
Tania Matshoko | 8 May 2016 | Antony | |||
1.70 m (5 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Mariam Mohamed Al-Ansari | 17 December 2011 | Doha | [105] | |
9 March 2013 | Manama | ||||
15 March 2015 | Muscat | ||||
1.70 m (5 ft 6 3⁄4 in) | Sharyaane Gijsbertha | 1 April 2013 | Nassau | [106] | |
1.66 m (5 ft 5 1⁄4 in) | Deborah Gallon | 5 May 2015 | Paramaribo | ||
1.65 m (5 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Takola Creque | 21 May 1994 | Road Town | ||
Chantel Malone | 29 June 2008 | Road Town | |||
Z’Niah Hutchinson | 7 March 2016 | Tortola | [107] | ||
1.65 m (5 ft 4 3⁄4 in) i | Fatoumata Balley | 7 January 2015 | Nogent-sur-Oise | [108] | |
1.65 m (5 ft 4 3⁄4 in) | Sanadia Forbes | 15 April 2017 | Willemstad | [109] | |
1.61 m (5 ft 3 1⁄4 in) | Chloe Gambin | 19 February 2011 | Marsa | ||
1.60 m (5 ft 2 3⁄4 in) | Otricia Borkuah | 27/31 December 2013 | Monrovia | ||
Maya Neal | 24 February 2017 | Nashville | |||
1.59 m (5 ft 2 1⁄2 in) | Alia Youssef Al-Hammadi | 15 March 2015 | Muscat | ||
1.56 m (5 ft 1 1⁄4 in) | Bibiana Olama | 25/27 October 2012 | Malabo | ||
1.53 m (5 ft 0 in) | Sarah Nasser Al-Sabea | 15 March 2015 | Muscat | ||
1.52 m (4 ft 11 3⁄4 in) i | Badia Kamara | 23 January 2012 | Doha | ||
1.50 m (4 ft 11 in) | Buthayna Ayed Al-Yacoobi | 11 July 2013 | Debrecen | ||
1.45 m (4 ft 9 in) i | Fayza Abdulnaser Omar | 26 February 2010 | Doha | ||
1.40 m (4 ft 7 in) | Mimoza Sefedini | 8 September 2013 | Mitrovica | ||
Merlinda Kryetziu | 23 April 2017 | Skopje | |||
1.36 m (4 ft 5 1⁄2 in) | Dawa Palden | 8 July 2016 | Thimphu | [68] | |
1.35 m (4 ft 5 in) | Jordan Mageo | 20 February 2016 | Claremont | [110] | |
1.11 m (3 ft 7 1⁄2 in) | Asma Mohammadi | 22 September 2016 | Rjukan |
See also
Notes and references
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