Irish exonyms
This is list of Irish language exonyms for places outside Ireland.
Algeria
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Algiers | Cathair na hAilgéire | Al Jāza'ir (الجزائر) | Standard Arabic | |
| Dzayer | Berber | |||
Belgium
.svg.png){kind=small} | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Antwerp | Antuairp | Antwerpen | Dutch | |
| Brussels | an Bhruiséil | Brussel | Dutch | |
| Bruxelles | French | |||
| Flanders | Flóndras | Vlaanderen | Dutch | |
| Leuven | Lováin | Leuven | Dutch | Site of St Anthony's College, Leuven, a centre of Irish learning and culture on the Continent |
| Ostend | Ostainn | Oostende | Dutch | |
| Wallonia | an Vallúin | Wallonie | French | |
| Walonreye | Walloon | |||
Bosnia and Herzegovina
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Sarajevo | Sairéavo | Sarajevo (Сарајево) | Bosnian | |
Canada
.svg.png){kind=small} | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Labrador | (Leithinis) Labradar | Labrador | English, French | |
| Nunatsuak | Inuttitut | |||
| Newfoundland | Talamh na Éisc | Ikkarumikluak | Inuttitut | Irish name means "fishing grounds;" Newfoundland was settled by large numbers of Irish emigrants |
| Newfoundland | English | |||
| Terre-Neuve | French | |||
| Nova Scotia | Albain Nua | Alba Nuadh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Nouvelle-Écosse | French | |||
| Nova Scotia | English | |||
China
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Beijing | Bésing | Beijing (北京) | Mandarin | |
| Tibet | Tibéid | Bhö (བོད) | Tibetan | |
Croatia
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Dalmatia | an Dalmáit | Dalmacija | |
| Zagreb | Ságrab | Zagreb | |
Cyprus
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endony | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Nicosia | an Leafcóis; an Nicóis | Lefkosía | Greek | |
| Lefkoşa | Turkish | |||
Czechia
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Bohemia | an Bhohéim | Čechy | |
| Prague | Prág | Praha | |
Denmark
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Copenhagen | Cóbanhávan | København | |
| Jutland | an Iútlainn | Jylland | |
| Zealand | an tSéalainn | Sjælland | |
France
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | French place | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Bordeaux | Bordghal | Bordeaux | French | |
| Bordèu | Gascon | From Latin Burdigula[1] | ||
| Brittany | an Bhríotáin | Breizh | Breton | |
| Bretagne | French | |||
| Burgundy | an Bhurgúin | Bourgogne | French | |
| Corsica | an Chorsaic | Corse | French | |
| Corsica | Italian | |||
| Lorraine | an Lorráin | Lorraine | French | |
| Lottringe | West Franconian | |||
| Louréne | Lorrain | |||
| Normandy | an Normainn | Normandie | French | |
| Normaundie | Norman | |||
| Paris | Páras | Paris | French | |
Germany
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Bavaria | an Bhaváir | Bayern | German | |
| Saxony | an tSacsain | |||
Great Britain
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Aberdeen | Obar Dheathain | Obar Dheathain | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Bristol | Briostó | Bristol | English | |
| Cardiff | Caedydd | Caerdydd | Welsh | |
| Carlisle | Cathair Luail | Carlise | English | |
| Coatbridge | Drochaid an Chóta | Drochaid a' Chòta | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Cornwall | an Chorn | Kernow | Cornish | |
| Corn na Breataine | ||||
| Douglas | Dúlais | Manx | ||
| Glasgow | Glaschú | Glaschu | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Dundee | Dún Déagh | Dùn Dèagh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Edinburgh | Dún Éideann | Dùn Èideann | Scottish Gaelic | |
| England | Sasana | England | English | From Old Irish Saxain (“Saxons, England”).[2][3] |
| Guernsey | Geansaí | |||
| Hebrides | Inse Ghall | na h-Innse Gall | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Inverness | Inbhear Nis | Inbhir Nis | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Isle of Man | Manainn | Manx | Translation Oileán Mhanann also used | |
| Isle of Wight | Inis Iocht | Isle of Wight | English | |
| Jersey | Geirsí | |||
| Liverpool | Learpoll, Learpholl | Liverpool | English | |
| London | Londain | London | English | |
| Manchester | Manchain | Manchester | English | |
| Orkney | Inse Orc | Arcaibh | Scottish Gaelic | |
| Oxford | Áth na nDamh | Oxford | English | calque, literally "ford of the oxen" |
| Scotland | Albain | Alba | Scottish Gaelic | See Alba |
| Stirling | Sruighle | Sruighlea | Scottish Gaelic | English name also used in Irish |
| Wales | an Bhreatain Bheag | Cymru | Welsh | Literally "Little Britain" or "Lesser Britain."[4] |
| York | Eabhrac | York | English | From the Latin Eboracum. |
Greece
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Athens | an Aithin | ||
| Crete | an Chréit | ||
| Rhodes | Ródas | ||
| Thessaloniki | Teasaloinicé | ||
India
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Delhi | Deilí | |||
| Kolkata | Calcúta | |||
Indonesia
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Jakarta | Iacárta | Jakarta | Indonesian | |
Israel
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Jerusalem | Iarúsailéim | Al-Quds | Arabic | From Latin Ierusalem. The earliest Irish form is Old Irish Hierosalem, from the 8th-century poems of Blathmac mac Con Brettan. |
| Yerushalayim (ירושלים) | Hebrew | |||
Italy
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Florence | Flórans | |||
| Lombardy | an Lombaird | |||
| Milan | Milan/ Milano[5] | |||
| Piedmont | Píodmant | |||
| Rome | an Róimh | |||
| Sardinia | an tSairdín | |||
| Sicily | an tSicil | |||
| Tuscany | an Tuscáin | |||
| Venice | an Veinéis | |||
Portugal
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Lisbon | Liospóin | Lisboa | |
| Madeira | Maidéara | ||
Russia
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Moscow | Moscó | Moskva | Russian | |
| Saint Petersburg | Cathair Pheadair | Sankt Peterburg | Russian | |
| Siberia | an tSibéir | |||
| Ural | an Úrail | |||
South Korea
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Seoul | Súl | ||
Spain
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| A Coruña | an Choróin | Obsolete | ||
| Cathair na Cruinne | ||||
| Aragon | an Aragóin | |||
| Galicia | an Ghailís | |||
| Mallorca | Mallarca | |||
| Menorca | Mionarca | |||
| Seville | Seville | |||
Sweden
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Götaland | an Ghotlann | Götaland | |
| Stockholm | Stócólm | Stockholm | |
Switzerland
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Geneva | an Ghinéiv | Genf | German | |
| Genève | French | |||
Syria
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Damascus | an Damaisc | Dimašq | Standard Arabic | |
Ukraine
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Crimea | an Chrimé | |||
| Kiev | Cív | Kyiv | Ukrainian | |
United Arab Emirates
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Abu Dhabi | Abú Daibí | |||
United States
 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes | |
| Name | Language | |||
| Boston | Bostún | Boston | English | |
| Hawai'i | Haváí | Hawai'i | English, Hawaiian | |
| New York City | Nua-Eabhrac | New York City | English | From the Latin Eboracum, the old name for York, England. |
Vietnam
 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| English name | Irish name | Endonym | Notes |
| Hanoi | Hanáí | Hà Nội | |
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References
- téarma.ie – Téarma – the National Terminology Database for Irish, developed by Fiontar (Dublin City University) in collaboration with An Coiste Téarmaíochta (Foras na Gaeilge)
- Molloy, Cian (2002). The Story of the Irish Pub. The Liffey Press. p. 14.
- "Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores, Or, Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland During the Middle Ages".
- O'Curry, Eugene (July 20, 1878). "Lectures on the Manuscript Materials of Ancient Irish History: Delivered at the Catholic University of Ireland, During the Sessions of 1855 and 1856". William A. Hinch – via Google Books.
- McGarry, Patsy. "In a Word . . . Wales". The Irish Times.
- "Milan". tearma.ie - Dictionary of Irish Terms - Foclóir Téarmaíochta. Fiontar. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
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