Icelandic exonyms
The following is a list of Icelandic exonyms, that is to say names for places in Icelandic that have been adapted to Icelandic spelling rules, translated into Icelandic or are simply native names from Viking times (i.e. old endonyms surviving in Icelandic).
| Language | Native name | Icelandic exonym |
|---|---|---|
 | ||
| Albanian | Tiranë | Tirana |
 | ||
| Persian - Pashto | Kābul - Kabəl | Kabúl |
 | ||
| Arabic | Al-Ŷazā'ir | Algeirsborg |
 | ||
| Armenian | Yerəvan | Jerevan |
 | ||
| Portuguese | Luanda | Lúanda |
 | ||
| Spanish | Buenos Aires | Góðviðra (not used) |
| Tierra del Fuego | Eldland | |
 | ||
| German | Wien | Vín or Vínarborg |
.svg.png){kind=small} | ||
| English | New South Wales | Nýja Suður-Wales |
| South Australia | Suður-Ástralía | |
| Western Australia | Vestur-Ástralía | |
| Australian Capital Territory | Höfuðborgarsvæði Ástralíu | |
| Northern Territory | Norður-svæðið | |
| Christmas Island | Jólaeyja | |
| Cocos (Keeling) Islands | Kókoseyjar | |
| Norfolk Island | Norfolkeyjar | |
| Heard Island and McDonald Islands | Heard og McDonaldseyjar | |
 | ||
| Azerbaijani | Bakı | Bakú |
 | ||
| English | Nassau | Nassá |
 | ||
| Belarusian | Polotsk | Palteskja (historical) |
 | ||
| English | Belmopan | Belmópan |
 | ||
| Dzongkha | Thimphu | Timfú |
 | ||
| Spanish - Quechua | Sucre - Chuqichaka | Súkre |
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| Bosnian | Sarajevo | Sarajevó |
 | ||
| English - Tswana | Gaborone | Gaboróne |
 | ||
| Portuguese | Brasília | Brasilía |
 | ||
| Burmese | Yangon | Jangún |
 | ||
| French | Bujumbura | Bújúmbúra |
 | ||
| French - English | Douala | Dóúala |
| Yaoundé | Jánde | |
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| English - French | Toronto | Torontó |
 | ||
| French | Bangui | Bangví |
 | ||
| Spanish | Rapa Nui | Páskaeyja |
| Santiago | Santíagó | |
 | ||
| Mandarin (pinyin Romanization) | Beijing | Peking |
| Shanghai | Sjanghæ | |
| Tianjin | Tientsin | |
| Qingdao | Tsingtao | |
| Nanjing | Nanking | |
| Xiamen | Amoy | |
| Guilin | Kweilin | |
| Guangzhou | Kanton | |
 | ||
| Portuguese - Cantonese | Macau | Makaó |
 | ||
| Mandarin (pinyin Romanization) | Táiběi | Taípei, Tæpei |
 | ||
| Spanish | Bogotá | Bógóta |
 | ||
| Māori - English | Avarua | Avarúa |
 | ||
| Greek - Turkish | Lefkosía - Lefkoşa | Nikósía |
 | ||
| Czech | Plzeň | Pilsen |
| Praha | Prag | |
 | ||
| Danish | Aalborg | Álaborg |
| Aarhus | Árósar | |
| Helsingør | Helsingjaeyri | |
| Falster | Falstur | |
| Fredrikshavn | Friðrikshöfn | |
| Fyn | Fjón | |
| Humlebæk | Humlabekk (little used) | |
| Jelling | Jalangur | |
| Jylland | Jótland | |
| København (Copenhagen) | Kaupmannahöfn | |
| Lolland | Láland | |
| Læsø | Hlésey | |
| Odense | Óðinsvé | |
| Ribe | Rípar | |
| Ringsted | Hringstað | |
| Roskilde | Hróarskelda | |
| Silkeborg | Silkiborg | |
| Sjælland | Sjáland | |
| Skagen | Skaginn | |
| Slagelse | Slagleysa | |
| Sorø | Sórey | |
| Viborg | Vébjörg | |
 | ||
| Spanish | Santo Domingo | Santó Dómingó |
 | ||
| Arabic | Al-Iskandariyya | Alexandría |
| Qāhirah | Kaíró | |
| Suways | Súes | |
 | ||
| French - Spanish | Malabo | Malabó |
 | ||
| Amharic | Adis Abäba | Addis Ababa |
 | ||
| Faroese | Fuglafjørður | Fuglafjörður |
| Fugloy | Fugley | |
| Klaksvík | Klakksvík | |
| Nólsoy | Nólsey | |
| Tórshavn | Þórshöfn | |
 | ||
| Finnish - Swedish | Turku - Åbo | Árbæ |
 | ||
| French | Bretagne | Bertangaland (obsolete), Bretanía (current), Bretonskagi, Bretland, Litla-Bretland |
| Bourgogne | Búrgund | |
| Corse | Korsíka | |
| Nantes | Namsborg (obsolete) | |
| Normandy | Norðmandí (obsolete), Normandí (current) | |
| Paris | París | |
| Poitiers | Peituborg | |
| Reims | Reimsborg | |
| Rouen | Rúðuborg | |
| Strasbourg | Strassborg | |
| Versailles | Versalir | |
 | ||
| Tahitian - French | ’Enana mā | Markesaseyjar |
| Tōtaiete mā | Félagseyjar | |
| Tahiti | Tahítí | |
| Tūāmotu mā | Lágeyjar (obsolete) | |
 | ||
| English | Accra | Akkra |
 | ||
| Georgian | Tbi'lisi | Tíblisi (Tíflis in common parlance) |
 | ||
| German | Berlin | Berlín |
| Bavaria | Bæjaraland | |
| Braunschweig | Brúnsvík (obsolete) | |
| Bremen | Brimar | |
| Flensburg | Flensborg | |
| Frankfurt | Frakkafurða (little used) | |
| Hamburg | Hamborg | |
| Haddeby | Heiðabær | |
| Holstein | Holtsetaland | |
| Kiel | Kíl | |
| Köln (Cologne) | Kolni (little used) | |
| Lübeck | Lýbika | |
| Oldenburg | Aldinborg | |
| Rostock | Rauðstokkur (obsolete) | |
| Schleswig | Slésvík | |
| Stralsund | Stræla | |
| Stuttgart | Stóðgarður (little used) | |
| Verden | Ferðuborg (obsolete) | |
 | ||
| Greek | Athína | Aþena |
| Límnos | Lemney | |
| Thessaloníki | Saloníka (obsolete), Þessalónika (current) | |
 | ||
| French | Conakry | Kónakrí |
 | ||
| Spanish | Ciudad de Guatemala | Gvatemalaborg |
 | ||
| Portuguese | Bissau | Bissá |
 | ||
| Hungarian | Budapest | Búdapest |
 | ||
| Hindi - English | Kolkata | Kalkútta (obsolete) |
| Naī Dillī - New Delhi | Nýja-Delí | |
 | ||
| Indonesian | DKI Jakarta | Djakarta |
 | ||
| Persian | Tehrān | Teheran |
 | ||
| Arabic - Kurdish | Baġdād - Bexda | Bagdad |
 | ||
| Irish | Áth Cliath/Dubhlinn (Dublin) | Dyflinn(i) |
| Luimneach (Limerick) | Hlymrek (obsolete) | |
 | ||
| Hebrew - Arabic | Yerushaláyim - al Quds | Jórsalaborg (obsolete), Jerúsalem (current) |
| Ḥeifa - Ḥayfā | Haífa | |
| Tel Aviv Yafo - Tal ʼAbīb | Tel Avív | |
 | ||
| Italian | Bari | Bár (obsolete) |
| Firenze | Flórens | |
| Genova | Genúa | |
| Lucca | Lukkuborg (obsolete) | |
| Milano | Meilansborg (obsolete), Mílanó (current) | |
| Napoli | Napólí | |
| Roma | Róm, Rómaborg | |
| Salerno | Salernisborg (obsolete; literally means "Toilet city") | |
| Torino | Tórínó | |
| Venezia | Feneyjar | |
 | ||
| Japanese | Kyōto-shi | Kýótó |
| Tōkyō | Tókýó | |
 | ||
| English - Swahili | Nairobi | Naíróbí |
 | ||
| Latvian | Rīga | Ríga |
| Kurzeme | Kúrland | |
| Daugava | Dvína | |
| Livonija | Lífland | |
| Liepāja | Líbá | |
 | ||
| Arabic - French | Bayrūt - Beyrouth | Beirút |
 | ||
| English | Monrovia | Monróvía |
 | ||
| Arabic | Ṭarābulus | Trípólí |
 | ||
| Lithuanian | Vilnius | Vilníus |
 | ||
| Malagasy - French | Antananarivo | Antananarívó |
 | ||
| English | Lilongwe | Lílongve |
 | ||
| Malay | Kuala Lumpur | Kúala Lúmpúr |
 | ||
| French - Bambara | Bamako - Bamakə | Bamakó |
| Tombouctou - Timbuktu | Timbúktú | |
 | ||
| Marshallese - English | Majuro | Majúró |
 | ||
| Arabic - French | Nouakchott | Núaksjott |
 | ||
| Spanish | Ciudad de México | Mexíkóborg |
 | ||
| Romanian | Chişinău | Kisínev |
 | ||
| Mongolian | Ulaanbaatar | Úlan Bator |
 | ||
 | ||
| Portuguese | Maputo | Mapútó |
 | ||
| Korean | P'yŏngyang | Pjongjang |
 | ||
| Nepali | Kāţhmāņđau | Katmandú |
 | ||
| Dutch | Amsterdam | Amsturdammur (little used), Erilstífla (little used) |
| Den Haag or ´s Gravenhage | Haag | |
| Utrecht | Trekt (little used) | |
| Zuiderzee | Suðursjó (historical) | |
 | ||
| Spanish | Managua | Managva |
 | ||
| French | Niamey | Níamey |
 | ||
| English - Yorùbá | Abuja-Abùjá | Abútja |
 | ||
| Norwegian | ||
| Akershus | Akurshús | |
| Arendal | Arnardalur | |
| Aust-Agder | Aust-Agðir | |
| Bergen | Björgyn (obsolete), Björgvin (current) | |
| Bjørnøya | Bjarnarey | |
| Bodø | Boðvin | |
| Bærum | Bergheimur (obsolete) | |
| Drammen | Dröfn (obsolete) | |
| Finnmark | Finnmörk | |
| Gjøvik | Djúpvík (historical) | |
| Hedmark | Heiðmörk | |
| Hordaland | Hörðaland | |
| Longyearbyen | Langárbær | |
| Møre og Romsdal | Mæri og Raumsdalur | |
| Nord-Trøndelag, Sør-Trøndelag | Norður-Þrændalög, Suður-Þrændalög | |
| Nordland | Norðurland | |
| Oslo | Kauphágur (historical), Ósló (current) | |
| Sogn og Fjordane | Sogn og Firðafylki | |
| Stavanger | Stafangur | |
| Telemark | Þelamörk | |
| Trondheim | Niðarós (historical), Þrándheimur (current) | |
| Østfold | Austfalt | |
| Ålesund | Álasund | |
 | ||
| Arabic | Masqaṭ | Múskat |
 | ||
| Spanish - Guaraní | Asunción | Asúnsjón |
 | ||
| Spanish | Lima | Líma |
 | ||
| Tagalog - Cebuano | Maynila - Manila | Maníla |
 | ||
| Polish | Kraków | Kraká |
| Warszawa | Varsjá | |
| Szczecin | Stettín | |
 | ||
| Portuguese | Lisboa | Lissabon |
 | ||
| Romanian | Bucureşti | Búkarest |
| Constanţa | Konstantía | |
 | ||
| Russian | Murom | Móramar (historical) |
| Novgorod | Hólmgarður, Nýi Garður, Nýborg | |
| Rostov | Ráðstofa | |
| Sankt Peterburg | Sankti Pétursborg | |
| Smolensk | Smáleskja (historical) | |
| Staraya Ladoga | Aldeigjuborg (historical) | |
| Suzdal | Súrsdalar (historical) | |
 | ||
| Kinyarwanda - French | Kigali | Kígalí |
 | ||
| Samoan | Apia | Apía |
 | ||
| Arabic | Makkah | Mekka |
| Riyāḍ | Ríad | |
 | ||
| Serbian | Beograd | Belgrad |
 | ||
| Somali - Arabic | Muqdisho - Maqadīshū | Mógadisjú |
 | ||
| English - Afrikaans | Cape of Good Hope | Góðrarvonarhöfði |
| Cape Town - Kaapstad | Höfðaborg | |
| Johannesburg | Jóhannesarborg | |
| Pretoria | Pretoría | |
 | ||
| Korean | Seoul | Seúl |
 | ||
| Spanish | Barcelona | Barselóna |
 | ||
| Sinhala - Tamil | Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte | Srí Jajevardenepúra |
 | ||
| Arabic - English | Kharṭūm - Khartoum | Kartúm |
 | ||
| Dutch | Paramaribo | Paramaríbó |
 | ||
| Swedish | Göteborg | Gautaborg |
| Helsingborg | Helsingjaborg | |
| Lund | Lundur | |
| Malmö | Málmhaugar (little used), Málmey | |
| Stockholm | Stokkhólmur | |
| Uppsala | Uppsalir | |
 | ||
| German - French | Basel - Bâle | Boslaraborg (obsolete) |
 | ||
| Arabic | Dimašq | Damaskus |
 | ||
| Tajik | Dushanbe | Dúshanbe |
 | ||
| Swahili | Dodoma | Dódóma |
 | ||
| Thai | Krung Thep | Bangkok |
 | ||
| Tongan - English | Nukuʻalofa | Núkúalófa |
 | ||
| Turkish | İstanbul | Mikligarður (historical), Istanbúl (current) |
 | ||
| Ukrainian | Kiev | Kænugarður |
 | ||
| Arabic | Abū Zabī | Abú Dabí |
| 'Ajmān | Adsman | |
| Dubayy | Dúbæ | |
 | ||
| English | Aberdeen | Apardjón (obsolete) |
| Canterbury | Kantaraborg | |
| Dover | Dofrar (little used) | |
| Edinburgh | Edinborg | |
| Yarmouth | Járnamóða (little used) | |
| Cambridge | Kambabryggja (little used) | |
| Lerwick | Leirvík | |
| London | Lundúnir | |
| Southampton | Suðurhamtún (little used) | |
| Oxford | Öxnafurða (little used) | |
| Scarborough | Skarðaborg (obsolete) | |
| York | Jórvík | |
 | ||
| English | California | Kalifornía |
| New York | Nýja-Jórvík (not in common use, a jocular term of academic pretension) | |
| South Dakota | Suður-Dakóta | |
 | ||
| Spanish | Montevideo | Montevídeó |
 | ||
| Uzbek | Toshkent | Taskent |
 | ||
| Latin | Status Civitatis Vaticanae | Páfagarður |
 | ||
| Spanish | Caracas | Karakas |
 | ||
| Vietnamese | Hà Nội | Hanoí |
| Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh | Hochimin-borg | |
 | ||
| English | Lusaka | Lúsaka |
| Language | Native name | Icelandic exonym |
References
- Íslensk orðabók (2003). Edited by Mörður Árnason. ISBN 9979-3-2353-1
- Icelandic Language Center:Country names
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