Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol

Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol, sold under the brand name Combivent among others, is a combination medication used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).[2][3] It contains ipratropium (an anticholinergic) and salbutamol (albuterol, a β2-adrenergic agonist).[2] It is taken by inhalation.[4]

Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol
Combination of
Ipratropium bromideMuscarinic antagonist
SalbutamolShort-acting β2-adrenergic agonist
Clinical data
Trade namesCombivent, DuoNeb, Breva, others
AHFS/Drugs.comProfessional Drug Facts
MedlinePlusa601063
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out) [1]
    Routes of
    administration    		Inhalation
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    • AU: S3 (Pharmacist only)
    • UK: POM (Prescription only)
    • US: ℞-only
      (verify)

    Common side effects include sore throat, muscle cramps, and nausea.[2] Other side effects may include bronchospasm, allergic reactions, and upper respiratory tract infections.[2] Safety in pregnancy is unclear.[1] Each medication typically decreases bronchospasm and does so via different mechanisms.[2]

    The combination was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996.[4] It is available as a generic medication.[3] Sixty doses in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about 18 £ as of 2019.[3] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$9.50.[5] In 2017, it was the 172nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions.[6][7]

    Society and culture

    Since Combivent contains a chlorofluorocarbon based propellant, it is being phased out in European Union countries. Chloroflourocarbons (CFC) are attributed to depletion of the ozone layer.

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    References
    1. "Albuterol / ipratropium Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
    2. "DailyMed - ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate inhalant". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
    3. British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 247. ISBN 9780857113382.
    4. "Ipratropium and Albuterol - FDA prescribing information, side effects and uses". Drugs.com. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
    5. "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
    6. "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
    7. "Albuterol Sulfate; Ipratropium Bromide - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
    • DailyMed
    • Consumer Medication Information from PubMed
    • National Asthma Education and Prevention Program Expert Panel 3. Expert panel report 3: guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Bethesda (MD): National Institutes of Health. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; 2007 Aug. NIH Publication No. 07-4051.
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