Terazosin

Terazosin, sold under the brand name Hytrin among others, is a medication used to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate and high blood pressure.[1] For high blood pressure, it is a less preferred option.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1]

Terazosin
Clinical data
Trade namesHytrin, Zayasel, others
Other names[4-(4-amino-6,7-dimethoxy-quinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl-methanone
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa693046
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding90-94%
Elimination half-life12 hours
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.118.191
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC19H25N5O4
Molar mass387.440 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  (verify)

Common side effects include dizziness, headache, tiredness, swelling, nausea, and low blood pressure with standing.[1] Severe side effects may include priapism and low blood pressure.[1] Prostate cancer should be ruled out before starting treatment.[1] It is an alpha-1 blocker and works by relaxing blood vessels and the opening of the bladder.[1]

Terazosin was patented in 1975 and came into medical use in 1985.[2] It is available as a generic medication.[3] A month supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS less than £2 as of 2019.[3] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$4.50.[4] In 2017, it was the 194th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than two million prescriptions.[5][6]

Formulations

It is available in 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg or 10 mg doses.[7]

Synthesis
Terazosin synthesis:[8]

Reaction of piperazine with 2-furoyl chloride followed by catalytic hydrogenation of the furan ring leads to 2. This, when heated in the presence of 2-chloro-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-4-amine (1) undergoes direct alkylation to terazosin (3).

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References
  1. "Terazosin Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
  2. Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 455. ISBN 9783527607495.
  3. British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 768. ISBN 9780857113382.
  4. "NADAC". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. 27 February 2019.
  5. "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  6. "Terazosin - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  7. "Terazosin Hydrochloride Capsule". DailyMed. National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
  8. US 4026894, Winn M, Kyncl J, Dunnigan DA, Jones PH, issued 31 May 1977, assigned to Abbott
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