TAS2R4

Taste receptor type 2 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAS2R4 gene.[4][5][6]

TAS2R4
Identifiers
Aliases	TAS2R4, T2R4, taste 2 receptor member 4
External IDs	OMIM: 604869 MGI: 2681210 HomoloGene: 49480 GeneCards: TAS2R4
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 7 (human)[1] Band 7q34 Start 141,778,442 bp[1] End 141,780,819 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein coupled receptor activity • taste receptor activity • bitter taste receptor activity • signal transducer activity Cellular component • cell membrane • cell projection • cilium • ciliary membrane • membrane • integral component of membrane Biological process • response to stimulus • detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste • sensory perception of taste • respiratory gaseous exchange • signal transduction • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	50832	57253
Ensembl	ENSG00000127364	n/a
UniProt	Q9NYW5	Q9JKT3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_016944	NM_020502
RefSeq (protein)	NP_058640	NP_065248
Location (UCSC)	Chr 7: 141.78 – 141.78 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	[3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This gene encodes a member of a family of candidate taste receptors that are members of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily and that are specifically expressed by taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelia. These apparently intronless genes encode a 7-transmembrane receptor protein, functioning as a bitter taste receptor. This gene is clustered with another 3 candidate taste receptor genes in chromosome 7 and is genetically linked to loci that influence bitter perception.[6] The geographic distribution of TAS2R4 and TAS2R5 missense allele variants which prevent expression of the receptors is aligned with the distributions of tannin sorghum and the destructive agricultural bird pest in Africa, indicating the role of human taste in developing agroecosystems fitting local environments.[7]

Ligands

Ligands listed in BitterDB include quinine, parthenolide, denatonium, some non-sugar sweeteners including sucralose and stevioside, and several oligopeptides.[8]

See also

• Taste receptor

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000127364 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
3. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (March 2000). "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 693–702. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80705-9. PMID 10761934.
5. Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Hoon MA, Adler E, Feng L, Guo W, et al. (March 2000). "T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 703–11. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80706-0. PMID 10761935.
6. "Entrez Gene: TAS2R4 taste receptor, type 2, member 4".
7. Wu Y, Guo T, Mu Q, Wang J, Li X, Wu Y, et al. (December 2019). "Allelochemicals targeted to balance competing selections in African agroecosystems". Nature Plants. 5 (12): 1229–1236. doi:10.1038/s41477-019-0563-0. PMID 31792396.
8. "hTAS2R4 - Taste receptor type 2 member 4". BitterDB. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Further reading

• Kinnamon SC (March 2000). "A plethora of taste receptors". Neuron. 25 (3): 507–10. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81054-5. PMID 10774719.
• Margolskee RF (January 2002). "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554.
• Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H (August 2002). "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste". Current Opinion in Neurobiology. 12 (4): 366–71. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8. PMID 12139982.
• Firestein S (April 2000). "The good taste of genomics". Nature. 404 (6778): 552–3. doi:10.1038/35007167. PMID 10766221.
• Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (April 2000). "A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse". Nature. 404 (6778): 601–4. Bibcode:2000Natur.404..601M. doi:10.1038/35007072. PMID 10766242.
• Ueda T, Ugawa S, Ishida Y, Shibata Y, Murakami S, Shimada S (July 2001). "Identification of coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms in human taste receptor genes involving bitter tasting". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 285 (1): 147–51. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5136. PMID 11437385.
• Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Cook B, Wu D, et al. (February 2003). "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways". Cell. 112 (3): 293–301. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00071-0. PMID 12581520.
• Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S (March 2005). "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 22 (3): 432–6. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549.
• Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N (May 2005). "Lineage-specific loss of function of bitter taste receptor genes in humans and nonhuman primates". Genetics. 170 (1): 313–26. doi:10.1534/genetics.104.037523. PMC 1449719. PMID 15744053.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.