TAS2R14

TAS2R14
Identifiers
Aliases	TAS2R14, T2R14, TRB1, taste 2 receptor member 14
External IDs	OMIM: 604790 MGI: 2681298 HomoloGene: 87013 GeneCards: TAS2R14
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)[1]
End	11,171,573 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)[2]
End	133,055,816 bp[2]
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• G-protein coupled receptor activity; • signal transducer activity; • taste receptor activity; • bitter taste receptor activity;
Cellular component	• cell membrane; • membrane; • integral component of membrane;
Biological process	• detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste; • signal transduction; • response to stimulus; • sensory perception of taste; • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	50840
	387616
	ENSG00000212127; ENSG00000261984; ENSG00000276541
	ENSMUSG00000071147
	Q9NYV8
	Q7TQA4
	NM_023922
	NM_021562
	NP_076411
	NP_067537
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Taste receptor type 2 member 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAS2R14 gene.[5][6][7]

Function

This gene product belongs to the family of candidate taste receptors that are members of the G-protein-coupled receptor superfamily. These proteins are specifically expressed in the taste receptor cells of the tongue and palate epithelia. They are organized in the genome in clusters and are genetically linked to loci that influence bitter perception in mice and humans. In functional expression studies, TAS2R14 responds to (−)-α-thujone, the primary neurotoxic agent in absinthe, and picrotoxin, a poison found in fishberries.[8] This gene maps to the taste receptor gene cluster on chromosome 12p13.[7]

TAS2R14 is also expressed in the smooth muscle of human airways, along with several other bitter taste receptors. Their activation in these cells causes an increase in intracellular calcium ion, which in turn triggers the opening of potassium channels which hyperpolarize the membrane and cause the smooth muscle to relax. Hence, activation of these receptors leads to bronchodilation.[9]

gollark: It is actually shorter range. Higher bitrates, though.

gollark: I have vitamin D supplements.

gollark: I mostly end up not going into the sun, but I am *also* vitamin-D deficient so who knows.

gollark: I like how in the past few hours various internet people™ have stated both that people should be in the sun, and that people shouldn't be in the sun.

gollark: You can probably overtrain, but just don't do that.

References

ENSG00000261984, ENSG00000276541 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000212127, ENSG00000261984, ENSG00000276541 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000071147 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (Apr 2000). "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 693–702. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80705-9. PMID 10761934.
Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (Apr 2000). "A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse". Nature. 404 (6778): 601–4. doi:10.1038/35007072. PMID 10766242.
"Entrez Gene: TAS2R14 taste receptor, type 2, member 14".
Behrens M, Brockhoff A, Kuhn C, Bufe B, Winnig M, Meyerhof W (June 2004). "The human taste receptor hTAS2R14 responds to a variety of different bitter compounds". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 319 (2): 479–85. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.019. PMID 15178431.
Deshpande DA, Wang WC, McIlmoyle EL, Robinett KS, Schillinger RM, An SS, Sham JS, Liggett SB (November 2010). "Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction". Nat. Med. 16 (11): 1299–304. doi:10.1038/nm.2237. PMC 3066567. PMID 20972434.

Kinnamon SC (2000). "A plethora of taste receptors". Neuron. 25 (3): 507–10. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)81054-5. PMID 10774719.
Margolskee RF (2002). "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554.
Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H (2002). "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12 (4): 366–71. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(02)00345-8. PMID 12139982.
Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Hoon MA, Adler E, Feng L, Guo W, Zuker CS, Ryba NJ (2000). "T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 703–11. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80706-0. PMID 10761935.
Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, Mueller KL, Cook B, Wu D, Zuker CS, Ryba NJ (2003). "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways". Cell. 112 (3): 293–301. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00071-0. PMID 12581520.
Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S (2005). "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes". Mol. Biol. Evol. 22 (3): 432–6. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549.
Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N (2006). "Lineage-Specific Loss of Function of Bitter Taste Receptor Genes in Humans and Nonhuman Primates". Genetics. 170 (1): 313–26. doi:10.1534/genetics.104.037523. PMC 1449719. PMID 15744053.
Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, Camp DG, Monroe ME, Moore RJ, Smith RD (2006). "Human Plasma N-Glycoproteome Analysis by Immunoaffinity Subtraction, Hydrazide Chemistry, and Mass Spectrometry". J. Proteome Res. 4 (6): 2070–80. doi:10.1021/pr0502065. PMC 1850943. PMID 16335952.
Behrens M, Bartelt J, Reichling C, Winnig M, Kuhn C, Meyerhof W (2006). "Members of RTP and REEP gene families influence functional bitter taste receptor expression". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (29): 20650–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M513637200. PMID 16720576.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] ENSG00000261984, ENSG00000276541 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000212127, ENSG00000261984, ENSG00000276541 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000071147 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid10761934-5] Adler E, Hoon MA, Mueller KL, Chandrashekar J, Ryba NJ, Zuker CS (Apr 2000). "A novel family of mammalian taste receptors". Cell. 100 (6): 693–702. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80705-9. PMID 10761934.

[pmid10766242-6] Matsunami H, Montmayeur JP, Buck LB (Apr 2000). "A family of candidate taste receptors in human and mouse". Nature. 404 (6778): 601–4. doi:10.1038/35007072. PMID 10766242.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: TAS2R14 taste receptor, type 2, member 14".

[pmid15178431-8] Behrens M, Brockhoff A, Kuhn C, Bufe B, Winnig M, Meyerhof W (June 2004). "The human taste receptor hTAS2R14 responds to a variety of different bitter compounds". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 319 (2): 479–85. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.019. PMID 15178431.

[pmid20972434-9] Deshpande DA, Wang WC, McIlmoyle EL, Robinett KS, Schillinger RM, An SS, Sham JS, Liggett SB (November 2010). "Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction". Nat. Med. 16 (11): 1299–304. doi:10.1038/nm.2237. PMC 3066567. PMID 20972434.

TAS2R14

Function

See also

References

Further reading