Coahuilteco language

Coahuilteco
Native to	Mexico, United States
Region	Coahuila, Texas
Ethnicity	Quems, Pajalat, etc.
Extinct	not attested after 18th century
Language family	Hokan ? Coahuiltecan ? Pakawan Coahuilteco; ; ;
Dialects	Pajalat;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	xcw
Linguist List	xcw
Glottolog	coah1252[1]
	Coauhuilteco language

Coahuilteco was one of the Pakawan languages that was spoken in southern Texas (United States) and northeastern Coahuila (Mexico). It is now extinct.

Classification

Coahuilteco was grouped in an eponymous Coahuiltecan family by John Wesley Powell in 1891, later expanded by additional proposed members by e.g. Edward Sapir. Ives Goddard later treated all these connections with suspicion, leaving Coahuilteco as a language isolate . Manaster Ramen (1996) argues Powell's original more narrow Coahuiltecan grouping is sound, renaming it Pakawan in distinction from the later more expanded proposal.

Sounds

Consonants

		Bilabial	Inter- dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	Velar		Glottal
		Bilabial	Inter- dental	Alveolar	Post- alveolar	Palatal	plain	labial	Glottal
Nasal		m		n
Plosive	plain	p		t			k	kʷ
Plosive	ejective	pʼ		tʼ			kʼ	kʷʼ	(ʔ)
Affricate	plain			ts	tʃ
Affricate	ejective			tsʼ	tʃʼ
Fricative			(θ)	s	ʃ		x	xʷ	h
Approximant	plain			l		j		w
Approximant	glottalized			lʼ

Vowels

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i / iː		u / uː
Mid	e / eː		o / oː
Open		a / aː

Coahuilteco has both short and long vowels.[2]

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References

Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Coahuilteco". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
Troike, 1996

Bibliography

Goddard, Ives (Ed.). (1996). Languages. Handbook of North American Indians (W. C. Sturtevant, General Ed.) (Vol. 17). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. ISBN 0-16-048774-9.
Manaster Ramen, Alexis. (1996). Sapir's Classifications: Coahuiltecan. Anthropological Linguistics 38/1, 1–38.
Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
Sturtevant, William C. (Ed.). (1978–present). Handbook of North American Indians (Vol. 1-20). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. (Vols. 1-3, 16, 18-20 not yet published).
Troike, Rudolph. (1996). Coahuilteco (Pajalate). In I. Goddard (Ed.), Languages (pp. 644–665). Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution.

External links

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[Glottolog-1] Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Coahuilteco". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.

[2] Troike, 1996