Alaouite dynasty

The Alaouite dynasty, or Alawite dynasty (Arabic: سلالة العلويين الفيلاليين‎, Sulālat al-ʿAlawiyyīn al-Fīlālīyn), is the current Moroccan royal family. Sharif ibn Ali became Prince of Tafilalt in 1631. His son Mulay Al-Rashid (1664–1672) was able to unite and pacify the country. The Alaouites claim descent from a relative of prophet Muhammad and are the Arab ruling family of Morocco. The name Alaouites stems from Ali son of Abu Taalib [1][2]

This article is about the current Moroccan royal family. For the former ruling dynasty of Egypt and Sudan, see Muhammad Ali dynasty.
Alaouite dynasty
Alawite dynasty
سلالة العلويين الفيلاليين
CountryMorocco
Founded1631
FounderMoulay Ali Cherif
Current headMohammad VI
ReligionSunni Islam Maliki
Estate(s)Morocco
Historical Arab states and dynasties

Part of a series on the
History of Morocco
 Morocco portal
Royal family of Morocco

HH Princess Lalla Latifa

HRH Princess Lalla Lamia

HRH Princess Lalla Malika

Centralised state

The organisation of the sultanate developed under Ismail Ibn Sharif (1672–1727), who, against the opposition of local tribes, began to create a unified state. Because the Alaouites had difficult relations with many of the country's Berber and Bedouin-Arab tribes, Isma'īl formed a new army of black slaves, the Black Guard. However, the unity of Morocco did not survive his death—in the ensuing power struggles the tribes became a political and military force once again.

During Muhammad III's reign (1757–1790) the kingdom was once again united and the administration reorganised. A renewed attempt at centralisation was abandoned, and the tribes were allowed to preserve their autonomy. Under Abderrahmane (1822–1859) Morocco fell under the influence of the European powers. After Morocco supported the Algerian independence movement of Emir Abd al-Qadir, it was attacked and defeated by the French in 1844 at the Battle of Isly and made to abandon its support.

European contact and the French protectorate

During the reigns of Muhammad IV (1859–1873) and Hassan I (1873–1894), the Alaouites tried to foster trading links, above all with European countries and the United States. The army and administration were also modernised to improve control over the Berber and Bedouin tribes. With the war against Spain (1859–1860) came direct involvement in European affairs. Although the independence of Morocco was guaranteed at the Treaty of Madrid (1880), the French gained ever greater influence. German attempts to counter this growing influence led to the First Moroccan Crisis of 1905–1906 and the Second Moroccan Crisis of 1911.

Eventually the Moroccans were forced to recognise the French protectorate through the Treaty of Fez, signed on December 3, 1912. At the same time the Rif area of northern Morocco was raised under Spanish control.

List of Alaouite rulers
See also: List of rulers of Morocco

From 1631 to 1666 the Alaouite dynasty ruled as princes of Tafilalt:

In 1666 Mulay Al-Rashid was proclaimed Sultan of Morocco at Fez:

  • Al-Rashid (1666–1672)
  • Mawlay Ismail Ibn Sharif (1672–1727)
  • Abu'l Abbas Ahmad II (1727–1728) (first time)
  • Abdalmalik (1728)
  • Abu'l Abbas Ahmad II (1728–1729) (second time)
  • Abdallah (1729–1734) (first time)
  • Ali (1734–1736)
  • Abdallah (1736) (second time)
  • Mohammed II (1736–1738)
  • Al-Mostadi (1738–1740) (first time)
  • Abdallah (1740–1741) (third time)
  • Zin al-Abidin (1741)
  • Abdallah (1741–1742) (fourth time)
  • Al-Mostadi (1742–1743) (second time)
  • Abdallah (1743–1747) (fifth time)
  • Al-Mostadi (1747–1748) (third time)
  • Abdallah (1748–1757) (sixth time)
  • Mohammed III (1757–1790)
  • Yazid (1790–1792)
    Abdication of Abdelhafid in 1912
  • Mulay Suleiman (1792–1822)
  • Abderrahmane (1822–1859)
  • Mohammed IV (1859–1873)
  • Hassan I (1873–1894)
  • Abdelaziz (1894–1908)
  • Abdelhafid (1908–1912)

Under the French protectorate (1912–1956):

From independence (1955 onwards):

Timeline
Mohammed VI of MoroccoHassan II of MoroccoMohammed V of MoroccoMohammed Ben AarafaMohammed V of MoroccoYusef of MoroccoAbdelaziz of MoroccoHassan I of MoroccoSlimane of MoroccoYazid of MoroccoMohammed ben AbdallahAbdallah of MoroccoAbdallah of MoroccoAbdallah of MoroccoAbdallah of MoroccoAbdallah of MoroccoAbdallah of MoroccoAbdalmalik of MoroccoIsmail Ibn SharifMuhammad ibn SharifTafilalt

Family tree
Moulay Ali Cherif
Mohammed I Ismail Rachid
Ahmad Abdul Malek Abdallah II Mohammed II Ali Al-Mustadi' Zin al-Abidin
Mohammed III
Al-YazidHisham Sulayman
Abd al-Rahman
ibn Hicham
Mohammed IV
Hassan IAarafa
Abd al-Aziz Abd al-Hafid YoussefTahar Mohammed
Ben Aarafa
Mohammed V
3° spouse
Lalla Bahia		2° spouse
Lalla Abla bint Tahar
Lalla
Fatima Zohra		Lalla
Amina		 Hassan II
2° spouse
Lalla Latifa Hammou		Lalla
Malika		Lalla
Nuzha		Lalla
Aicha		Abdellah
Lalla
Meryem		Lalla
Asma		 Mohammed VI
spouse
Lalla Salma		Lalla
Hasna		RachidHichamIsmail
Crown Prince
Hassan		Lalla
Khadija
gollark: I am Lyricly and I cannot be stopped.
gollark: Ah.
gollark: Invocation of dark bee gods?
gollark: FEAR.
gollark: According to science, so am* I.

See also

References
  1. Compagna, Lawrence (2019-03-06). Genealogy: Tools, Tricks and Tips for putting together your family tree. Candco Publishing, a division of the Candco Corporation.
  2. Rézette, Robert. The Western Sahara and the Frontiers of Morocco. Nouvelles Editions Latines. p. 47. Moulay Rachid who really founded the dynasty in 1664, was born in Tafilalet of a family that had come from Arabia

Further reading
  • Waterbury, John. Commander of the Faithful
— Royal house —
House of Alaoui
Preceded by
Saadi Dynasty		 Ruling house of Morocco
1666 – present		 Incumbent
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