Kathiri

Kathiri (Arabic: ٱلْكَثِيْرِي‎, romanized: al-Kathīrī), officially the Kathiri State of Seiyun in Hadhramaut (Arabic: ٱلسَّلْطَنَة ٱلْكَثِيْرِيَّة - سَيْؤُوْن - حَضْرَمَوْت‎, romanized: al-Salṭanah al-Kathīrīyah - Sayʾūn - Ḥaḍramawt) was a sultanate in the Hadhramaut region of the southern Arabian Peninsula, in what is now part of Yemen and the Dhofari region of Oman.

Kathiri State of Seiyun in Hadhramaut
ٱلدَّوْلَة ٱلْكَثِيْرِيَّة ٱلْحَضْرَمِيَّة فِي سَيْؤُوْن
ٱلْكَثِيْرِي al-Kathīrī
State of the Protectorate of South Arabia
14th century–1967
Flag
Coat of arms

Map of the Protectorate of South Arabia 1965
CapitalSay'un
Area
 • Coordinates
 • TypeSultanate
Historical era20th century
• Established
14th century
• Disestablished
30 November 1967
Succeeded by
South Yemen
Today part of Yemen
 Saudi Arabia
 Oman
EB

History
A postage stamp of 1942 depicts the sultan and the capital city

The Kathiris once ruled much of Hadhramaut, but their power was truncated by the rival Qu'aitis in the 19th and 20th centuries, losing Al-Mukalla in the late 19th century process.[1] The Kathiris were eventually restricted to a small inland portion of Hadhramaut with their capital at Seiyun (Say'un).[2]

The sultanate entered into treaty relations with the British in 1888 and became a part of the Aden Protectorate.[3] in 1916, a division occurred in Kathiri and the Sultanate of Tarim separated from Kathiri.

The Kathiri State declined to join the Federation of South Arabia, but remained under British protection as part of the Protectorate of South Arabia. Al-Husayn ibn Ali, Kathiri sultan since 1949, was overthrown in October 1967, and the following month the former sultanate became part of newly independent South Yemen.[4]

South Yemen united with North Yemen in 1990 to become the Republic of Yemen, but local sheikhs in Yemen are reported to still wield large de facto authority.

The first Prime Minister in the history of East Timor, Mar'ī al-Kathīrī, is a third generation descendant of immigrants from Kathiri, part of a significant migration of Hadhramis to Southeast Asia in the 19th and 20th centuries. This is reflected in his name 'Alkatiri'. The Indonesian human rights activist Munir Said Thalib is also a descendant of immigrants from the Kathiris.

Rulers
Sultans of Alkathiri
1395 – 1430Badr as-Sahab ibn al-Habrali Bu Tuwairik
ca. 1430 – ca. 1450Muhammad ibn 'Ali
bis ca. 1493Dscha'far ibn 'Abdallah
ca. 1516 – ca. 1565Badr ibn 'Abdallah
ca. 1565 – 17th centuryunknown Sheikhs
1670 – 1690Dscha'far ibn 'Abdallah al-Kathir
1690 – 1707Badr ibn Dscha'far al-Kathir
1707 – 1725'Abdllah ibn Badr al-Kathir
1725 – 1760'Amr ibn Badr al-Kathir
1760 – 1800Ahmad ibn 'Amr al-Kathir
1800 – 1830Muhsin ibn Ahmad al-Kathir
1830 – 1880Ghalib ibn Muhsin al-Kathir
1880 – May 1929al-Mansur ibn Ghalib al-Kathir
May 1929 – 1938'Ali ibn al-Mansur al-Kathir
1938 – 24 April 1949Dscha'far ibn al-Mansur al-Kathir
April 1949 – 2 October 1967al-Husain ibn 'Ali al-Kathir
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See also

References
  1. McLaughlin, Daniel (2008). "11: Hadhramawt". Yemen. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 214. ISBN 978-1-8416-2212-5.
  2. Stark, Freya. The Southern Gates of Arabia: A Journey in the Hadhramaut.
  3. "States of the Aden Protectorates". www.worldstatesmen.org. Retrieved 2019-06-26.
  4. Oron, Yitzhak, ed. (1960), Middle East Record, 1

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