Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856

The Anglo-Moroccan Treaty of 1856 was a treaty between Morocco and the United Kingdom signed in Tangier on December 9, 1856. It was signed after long negotiations between John Hay Drummond Hay and Muhammad al-Khatib, representatives of Queen Victoria and Sultan Abd al-Rahman, respectively. This treaty prolonged Morocco's independence but gave major concessions to British interests, and set a precedent.[1]

This treaty was composed of two texts: the first was a general treaty of 38 articles dealing with the status of consuls, and their privileges and their freedom of movement, as well as the settling of British subjects in the country.

The second text was a treaty of commerce with 8 articles. The most important of these was article 6, which set the customs tariffs at 10%.[2][1] The treaty abolished the Makhzen's monopoly, and definitively opened trade in Morocco.

Notes and references

Miller, Susan Gilson. (2013). A history of modern Morocco. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-139-62469-5. OCLC 855022840.
Réforme de l'État et réformismes au Maghreb (XIXe-XXe siècles). Moreau, Odile., Ameur-Zaïmèche, Haoua., Institut de recherche sur le Maghreb contemporain. Paris: L'Harmattan. 2009. p. 83. ISBN 978-2-296-11087-8. OCLC 642298812.CS1 maint: others (link)

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[:0-1] Miller, Susan Gilson. (2013). A history of modern Morocco. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-1-139-62469-5. OCLC 855022840.

[2] Réforme de l'État et réformismes au Maghreb (XIXe-XXe siècles). Moreau, Odile., Ameur-Zaïmèche, Haoua., Institut de recherche sur le Maghreb contemporain. Paris: L'Harmattan. 2009. p. 83. ISBN 978-2-296-11087-8. OCLC 642298812.CS1 maint: others (link)