Idrisid Emirate of Asir

The Idrisid Emirate of Asir (Arabic: الإمارة الإدريسية‎) was a state located on the Arabian Peninsula. The Emirate was located in the geographical region of Jizan in what is now southwestern Saudi Arabia. The authority of the Emir was restricted to a strip of the Tihamah some 80 mi (129 km) long and extending about 40 mi (64 km) inland to the scarp of highland Asir, with Sabya as its capital and Jizan and Midi as ports.[2]

Idrisid Emirate of Asir إمارة عسير الإدريسية
1909–1930
Left: 1909–1927; Right: 1927–1930[1]
Asir on a sketch map from 1919
Status	Vassal of Hejaz and Nejd (1926–1930)
Capital	Sabya
History
• Idrisid revolt against the Ottoman Empire	1910–1916
• Independence	1916
• Annexed by Hejaz and Nejd	20 November 1930
• Formal annexation by Saudi Arabia	14 June 1934
Preceded by Succeeded by Ottoman Empire Sheikdom of Upper Asir Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Yemen

The Emirate was established by Muhammad ibn Ali al-Idrisi in rebellion against the Ottoman Empire. It gained the support of Great Britain during the First World War,[3] and flourished until the death of Sayyid Muhammad in 1920. Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918, the emirate expanded its domains, reaching as far as Hudaydah.[4] In 1925, Hudaydah was captured by the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.[4]

It was gradually absorbed into the state of the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd and formally annexed by its successor, Saudi Arabia, under the Treaty of Taif in 1934.

Monarch

Emir of Asir

• Sayyid Muhammad ibn Ali al-Idrisi (1909–1923)
• Sayyid Ali ibn Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Hasani (1923–1926)
• Sayyid al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Idrisi al-Hasani (1926–1930)[5]

References

1. https://www.worldstatesmen.org/Saudi_Arabia_states.html#South-Asir
2.  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Arabia" . Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York.
3.  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Idrisi" . Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York.
4. Baldry, John (1976). "Anglo-Italian Rivalry in Yemen and ʿAsīr 1900-1934". Die Welt des Islams. 17 (1/4): 155–193. doi:10.2307/1570344. ISSN 0043-2539. JSTOR 1570344.
5. 20 November 1930, the territory was incorporated into Hejaz.

External links

• R.L. Headley, ʿAsīr, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition.
• A. K. Bang, The Idrisi State of Asir 1906–1934: Politics, Religion and Personal Prestige as State-building factors in early twentieth century Arabia, Bergen Studies on the Middle East and Africa (1996).
• J. Reissner, Die Idrīsīden in ʿAsīr. Ein historischer Überblick, in: Die Welt des Islams, New Series, Bd. 21, Nr. 1/4 (1981), pp. 164–192. At JSTOR.
• I. Ghanem, The Legal History of 'A Sir (Al-Mikhlaf Al-Sulaymani), Arab Law Quarterly, Vol. 5, No. 3 (Aug., 1990), pp. 211–214. At JSTOR.