Hinduism by country

Hinduism has approximately 1.2 billion adherents worldwide (15% of world's population). Nepal (81.3%) and India (79.8%) are countries with Hindus being the majority of their respective populations. Along with Christianity (31.5%) and Islam (23.2%), Hinduism is one of the three major religions of the world by percentage of population. Hinduism is the third largest religion in the world after Christianity and Islam.[1]

Percentage of Hindus by country, according to the Pew Research Center.

Presently, India and Nepal are the two Hindu majority countries. Most Hindus are found in Asian countries. The countries with more than 5,000 Hindu residents and citizens include (in decreasing order) – India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Indonesia (especially in Bali, which is 84% Hindu), Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Singapore, United States, Myanmar, United Kingdom, Canada, South Africa, Mauritius, and the Caribbean (West Indies).

There are significant numbers of Hindu enclaves around the world, with many in Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Hinduism is also practised by the non-Indic people like Balinese of Bali island (Indonesia), Tengger and Osing of Java (Indonesia) and Balamon Chams of Vietnam, Ghanaian Hindus in Ghana, Chinese Malaysians and Orang Asli of Malaysia.

Background

Hinduism is a heterogeneous religion and consists of many schools of thought. Hinduism has no traditional ecclesiastical order, no centralised religious authorities, no governing body, no prophet(s); Hindus can choose to be polytheistic, monotheistic, pantheistic, monistic, agnostic, humanist or atheistic.[2] Estimates of Hinduism by country reflects this diversity of thought and way of life.

Demographic estimates

Demographic estimates of Hindu population by country has been published by the Pew Research Center in 2012,[3] as well as US State Department's International Religious Freedom Report 2006.[4]

By total number, India has the most Hindus. With percentage, Nepal has the largest percentage of Hindu population in the world followed by India and Mauritius.[5] There are an estimated 60 to 70 million Hindus who lived outside India in 2010.[3] Only two countries in the world, in 2010, had a majority of its population as Hindus – Nepal and India. In Mauritius, Hindus comprise a slight majority of the population at 51.9% in 2017. Fiji, Bhutan, Guyana, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Sri Lanka have very large and influential Hindu minorities.

By country

Sources used for the table below include the US State Department,[4] the CIA World Factbook[6] adherents.com,[7] Pew Research Center.[8][9] and as identified.

Hinduism by country

Region	Country	Percentage	Total population	Hindu total	Census year
South Asia	Afghanistan	0.4%[10][11]	31,889,923	4,000	2017
Western Europe	Andorra	0.4%[12]	60,000	-NA-
Caribbean	Anguilla	0.43%[13]	13,452	58	-NA-
Caribbean	Antigua and Barbuda	0.4%[14]	81,799	379	-NA-
South America	Argentina	0.01%[15]	40,301,927	4,030	-NA-
Oceania	Australia	1.9%[16]	23,401,400	440,300	2016
Central Europe	Austria	0.1% [17]	8,900,000	11,000
Middle East	Bahrain	<1%–9.8%[18][note 1]	708,573	7,000 – 144,286[note 1]
South Asia	Bangladesh	8.54%[21]	167,000,000	14,300,000	2011
Caribbean	Barbados	0.46%[22]	226,193	1055
Western Europe	Belgium	0.06%[23]	10,392,226	6,235
Central America and Caribbean	Belize	0.2%[24]	294,385	612
South Asia	Bhutan	22.6%[25]-25%[26][27]	742,737	185,700
Southern Africa	Botswana	0.3%[28]	1372675	3,353
South America	Brazil	0.0029%[29]-0.01%	192,755,799	5,675-9500
Southeast Asia	Brunei	0.035%[30]	374,577	131
West Africa	Burkina Faso	0.001%	14,326,203	150
Central Africa	Burundi	0.1%[31][32]	8,390,505	8,391
Southeast Asia	Cambodia	0.3%[33][34]	13,995,904	41,988
North America	Canada	1.45%[35][36]	33,390,141	497,965	2011
Central Europe	Czech Republic	0.023%[37]	10,436,560	2,404
South America	Colombia	0.02%[38]	44,379,598	8,876
East Africa	Comoros	0.1%(approx)	711,417	711
Central Africa	Congo (Kinshasa)	0.18%[9]	65,751,512	30,000[9]
Balkans	Croatia	0.01% (approx)[39]	4,493,312	449
North America	Cuba	0.21%[40]	11,394,043	23,927
West Africa	Côte d'Ivoire	0.1%[41][42]	18,013,409	18,013
Western Europe	Denmark	0.1%[43][44]	5,468,120	5,468
East Africa	Djibouti	0.02%[45]	496,374	99
Caribbean	Dominica	0.2%[46]	72,386	145
East Africa	Eritrea	0.1% (approx)[47]	4,906,585	4,907
Eastern Europe	Estonia	0.027% [48]	1,094,564	295
Oceania	Fiji	27.9%[49][50]	935,974	261,136
Western Europe	Finland	0.1%[51]	5,238,460	5,000
Western Europe	France	0.1%[52][53]	63,718,187	63,718
Eastern Europe	Georgia	0.01% (approx)[54]	4,646,003	465
Western Europe	Germany	0.12%[55]	81,800,000	100,000
West Africa	Ghana	0.05% (approx)[56]	22,931,299	11,466
Western Europe	Gibraltar	2.0% [57]	32,194	628
Caribbean	Grenada	0.7%[58]	89,971	630
Caribbean	Guadeloupe	0.5%[59]	460,000	2,300
South America and Caribbean	Guyana	24.83%[60]	769,095	190,966
Central Europe	Hungary	0.02%	9,956,108	1,767[61]
South Asia	India	79.8% [62][63][64]	1,320,000,000	1,053,000,000	(2011 Census)
Southeast Asia	Indonesia	1.69%[65][66][67]	259,000,000	4,400,000-10,000,000 [note 2]
Middle East	Iran	<0.1[9]	65,397,521	20,000[9]
Western Europe	Ireland	0.30%[71]	4,761,865	14,300	2016
Middle East	Israel	0.1% (approx)[72]	6,426,679	6,427
Western Europe	Italy	0.2% (approx)[73]	60,418,000	108,950
Caribbean	Jamaica	0.07%[74]	2,780,132	1,836
East Asia	Japan	<0.1[9]	127,433,494	30,000[9]
East Africa	Kenya	0.1%[9]	37,000,000	60,000[9]
East Asia	Korea, South	0.015% (approx)	49,044,790	12,452
Middle East	Kuwait	12%[75]	2,505,559	300,667[note 3]
Eastern Europe	Latvia	0.012%[77]	1,481,823	179
Middle East	Lebanon	0.1% (approx)[78]	4,925,502	4,926
Eastern Europe	Lithuania	0.01% [79]	2,561,000	344
Southern Africa	Lesotho	0.1% (approx)[80][81]	2,125,262	2,125
West Africa	Liberia	0.1% (approx)[82]	3,195,931	3,196
North Africa	Libya	0.1%[83][84]	6,036,914	6,037
Western Europe	Luxembourg	0.07% (approx)[85]	480,222	336
Southern Africa	Madagascar	0.1%[86][87]	19,448,815	19,449
Southern Africa	Malawi	0.02%[88] – 0.2%[89]	13,603,181	2,721 – 2,726
Southeast Asia	Malaysia	6.3%[90][91]	30,949,962	1,949,850
Caribbean	Martinique	0.3%[92]	439202	1317
South Asia	Maldives	0.01%[93]	369,031	37
Southern Africa	Mauritius	48.5%[94][95]	1,236,817	600,327	2011
Eastern Europe	Moldova	0.01% (approx)[96]	3,200,000	433
Southern Africa	Mozambique	0.05%[97] – 0.2%[98]	20,905,585	10,453 – 41,811
Southeast Asia	Myanmar	0.5%[99]	50,279,900[99]	252,763[99]
South Asia	Nepal	81.3%[100][101]	28,901,790	23,500,000	2011
Western Europe	Netherlands	0.58%[102] – 1.20%[103]	16,570,613	96,110 – 200,000
Oceania	New Zealand	2.1%[104]	4,115,771	90,158
Western Europe	Norway	0.5%	4,627,926	23,140
Middle East	Oman	3%[105] – 5.7%[106]	3,204,897	96,147 – 182,679
South Asia	Pakistan	1.85%[107]	196,000,000	3,626,000	2011
Central America	Panama	0.3%[108][109]	3,242,173	9,726
Southeast Asia	Philippines	<0.1% [9]	102,000,000[110]	10,000[9]
Western Europe	Portugal	0.07%	10,642,836	7,396
Central Europe	Poland	0.008%[111]	30,575,000	2421
Caribbean	Puerto Rico	0.09%[112]	3,944,259	3,550
Middle East	Qatar	13.8%[113]	2,471,919[114]	358,800
East Africa	Réunion	6.7%[115]	827,000	55,409
Eastern Europe	Russia	0.1%[116]	141,377,752	143,000
Oceania	Samoa	0.02% (approx)	187,429	38
Middle East	Saudi Arabia	0.6%[117] – 1.1%[118]	27,601,038	303,611[note 4]
East Africa	Seychelles	2.1%[9]-2.4%[120]	90,945	1,910
West Africa	Sierra Leone	0.04%[121] – 0.1%[122]	6,144,562	2,458 – 6,145
Southeast Asia	Singapore	5.0%[123][124]	5,600,000	280,000	2011
Central Europe	Slovakia	0.1% (approx)	5,447,502	5,448
Central Europe	Slovenia	0.025% (approx)	2,009,245	500
Southern Africa	South Africa	0.9%[125]-1.1%[9]	49,991,300	505,000
South Asia	Sri Lanka	12.6%[126]	21,200,000	2,671,000	2011
South America and Caribbean	Suriname	22.3%[127] – 27.4%[128]	470,784	120,623 – 128,995
Southern Africa	Swaziland	0.15%[129] – 0.2%[130]	1,133,066	1,700 – 2,266
Western Europe	Sweden	0.078% – 0.12%[131]	9,031,088	7,044 – 10,837
Western Europe	Switzerland	0.38%[132][133]-0.6%[134]	7,554,661	28,708-50,000[135][136]
East Africa	Tanzania	0.11%[137]	39,384,223	50,000[137]
Caribbean	Trinidad and Tobago	18.2%[138][139][140]	1,056,608	240,100	2011
Southeast Asia	Thailand	0.1%[141]	65,068,149	65,000
Oceania	Tonga	0.1%[142]	103,043	100
Eastern Europe	Ukraine	0.1%[143]	42,386,400	42,386
East Africa	Uganda	0.2%[144]	30,262,610	43,557
Middle East	United Arab Emirates	5%[145]	9,682,000	490,000[note 5]
Western Europe	United Kingdom	1.7%[147][148]	60,776,238	1,020,000	2017
North America	United States	0.7%[149]	322,000,000	2,300,000	2015
Caribbean	United States Virgin Islands	1.9%[150]	28,054	528
Central Asia	Uzbekistan	0.01% (approx)	27,780,059	2,778
Southeast Asia	Vietnam	0.07%	85,262,356	70,000
Middle East	Yemen	0.7%[151]	22,230,531	155,614
Southern Africa	Zambia	0.14%[152][153]	11,477,447	16,068
Southern Africa	Zimbabwe	0.02%	12,311,143	3,000
Total		16	7,500,000,000	1,100,000,000 - 1,120,000,000

By region

These percentages were calculated by using the above numbers. The first percentage, 4th column, is the percentage of population that is Hindu in a region (Hindus in the region * 100/total population of the region). The last column shows the Hindu percentage compared to the total Hindu population of the world (Hindus in the region * 100/total Hindu population of the world).

(Note: Egypt, Sudan, and other Arab Maghreb countries are counted as part of North Africa, not Middle East).

Hinduism in Africa

Region	Total Population	Hindus	% of Hindus	% of Hindu total
Central Africa	193,121,055	0	0%	0%
East Africa	193,741,900	667,694	0.345%	0.071%
North Africa	202,151,323	5,765	0.003%	0.001%
Southern Africa	137,092,019	1,269,844	0.926%	0.135%
West Africa	268,997,245	70,402	0.026%	0.007%
Total	885,103,542	2,013,705	0.225%	0.213%

Hinduism in Asia

Region	Total Population	Hindus	% of Hindus	% of Hindu total
Central Asia	92,019,166	149,644	0.163%	0.016%
East Asia	1,527,960,261	130,631	0.009%	0.014%
West Asia	274,775,527	3,187,673	1.5%	0.084%
South Asia	1,437,326,682	1,068,728,901	70.05%	98.475%
Southeast Asia	571,337,070	6,386,614	1.118%	0.677%
Total	3,903,418,706	1,074,728,901	26.01%	99.266%

Hinduism in Europe

Region	Total Population	Hindus	% of Hindus	% of Hindu total
Balkans	65,407,609	449	0.001%	0.001%
Central Europe	74,510,241	163	0%	0%
Eastern Europe	212,821,296	717,101	0.337%	0.076%
Western Europe	375,832,557	1,313,640	0.348%	0.138%
Total	728,571,703	2,030,904	0.278%	0.214%

Hinduism in The Americas

Region	Total Population	Hindus	% of Hindus	% of Hindu total
Caribbean	24,898,266	279,515	1.123%	0.030%
Central America	41,135,205	5,833	0.014%	0.006%
North America	446,088,748	2,131,127	0.478%	0.191%
South America	371,075,531	389,869	0.105%	0.041%
Total	883,197,750	2,806,344	0.281%	0.263%

Hinduism in Oceania

Region	Total Population	Hindus	% of Hindus	% of Hindu total
Oceania	38,552,683	791,615	2.053%	0.071%
Total	38,552,683	791,615	2.053%	0.071%

See also

• List of Hindu Empires and Dynasties
• List of religious populations
• Hinduism in Oceania Countries
• Christianity by country
• Islam by country
• Ahmadiyya by country
• Buddhism by country
• Sikhism by country
• Jews by country
• Irreligion by country
• Bahá'í statistics

Notes

1. The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers are included or not. The official census of the Bahrain government states that 99% of its citizens are Muslims, and the remaining 1% includes Jews, Christians, Hindus, and Bahais.[19] According to a 2017 publication by Abdullahi An-Na'im, the Muslims in Bahrain constitute 99.3% of the total population.[20]
2. The lower number is based on Pew Research estimate and is primarily concentrated in the island of Bali, Indonesia and nearby provinces of Indonesia. The higher number is based on a 2010 estimate by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Government of Indonesia.[68] The largest Hindu organization in Indonesia Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia states that the Indonesian census greatly underestimates Hindu population, because predominantly Muslim nation of Indonesia does not recognize all forms of Hinduism, and only recognizes monotheistic Hinduism under its constitution.[69][70]
3. The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. The official Kuwaiti government census data does not count Hindus as residents or citizens of Kuwait.[76]
4. The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. The Saudi Arabian government mandates that all Saudi citizens must be Muslims, and it prohibits public practice of Hinduism and other non-Muslim religions.[119]
5. The estimates vary depending on whether temporary workers – with no residency nor right to openly practice their religion – are included or not. 80% of the UAE population is non-citizen temporary workers, and estimated 25% of these workers may be Hindu. Only Sunni Muslims can be naturalized new citizens in UAE. According to the US State Department, the federal constitution of the UAE designates Islam as the official religion, and Islam is also the official religion of all seven of the individual emirates in the federal union. The Government does not recognize all non-Muslim religions and only a limited number of Christian groups are granted legal recognition in UAE. Non-Muslim and non-Christian religions such as Hinduism are not recognized legally in any of the emirates.[146]

References

1. Table: Religious Composition (%) by Country Global Religious Composition, Pew Research Center (2012)
2. Julius J. Lipner, Hindus: Their Religious Beliefs and Practices, 2nd Edition, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-45677-7, page 8; Quote: “(...) one need not be religious in the minimal sense described to be accepted as a Hindu by Hindus, or describe oneself perfectly validly as Hindu. One may be polytheistic or monotheistic, monistic or pantheistic, even an agnostic, humanist or atheist, and still be considered a Hindu.”; MK Gandhi, The Essence of Hinduism, Editor: VB Kher, Navajivan Publishing, see page 3; According to Gandhi, "a man may not believe in God and still call himself a Hindu."
3. Hindu population totals in 2010 by Country Pew Research, Washington DC (2012)
4. "International Religious Freedom". State.gov. 20 January 2009. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
5. "Hindu Demographics & Denominations (Part One)". Religion 101. 28 November 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
6. "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
7. "Adherents.com". Adherents.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
8. "Hindus". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
9. "Table: Religious Composition by Country, in Numbers (2010)". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
10. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
11. "Religious Freedom Page". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
12. "Religious Freedom Page". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
13. "SMG-AxANEWS – ANGUILLA's PRELIMINARY CENSUS FINDINGS #5: "Who are we? – Ethnic Composition and Religious Affiliation"".
14. "2011 Population and Housing Census" (PDF). N/A. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
15. "The UK's Leading SEO Company For SME & Enterprise". J SEO. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
16. "2071.0 – Reflecting Australia – Stories from the Census, 2016". Abs.gov.au. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
17. "Österreich - Religionszugehörigkeit 2018 | Statistik".
18. "Religions in Bahrain – PEW-GRF". www.globalreligiousfutures.org.
19. "Bahrain". US State Department. Retrieved 16 August 2017.
20. Abdullahi An-Na'im; edited by Mashood A. Baderin (2017). Islam and Human Rights: Selected Essays of Abdullahi An-Na'im. Taylor & Francis. pp. 257 note 84. ISBN 978-1-351-92611-9.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
21. "Official Census Results 2011 page xiii" (PDF). Bangladesh Government. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
22. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 January 2017. Retrieved 9 January 2019.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
23. "Belgium". State.gov. 2 October 2005. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
24. "Wayback Machine" (PDF). 27 January 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 January 2016.
25. http://www.pewforum.org/files/2012/12/globalReligion-tables.pdf
26. "CIA – The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
27. "Bhutan". State.gov. 2 February 2010. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
28. http://www.statsbots.org.bw/sites/default/files/publications/Population%20%26%20Housing%20Census%20Dissemination%20analytical%20report%20.pdf
29. "All About Religions in Brazil". IBGE. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
30. "Brunei". State.gov. 15 September 2006. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
31. "Religious Freedom Page". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
32. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
33. "Religious Freedom Page". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 19 August 2012. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
34. "The UK's Leading SEO Company For SME & Enterprise". J SEO. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
35. "Canada". State.gov. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
36. "Religious Freedom Page". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
37. https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/45948568/130055170118.xlsx/e5f9d290-2be8-487c-9f1e-7ccf24df2437?version=1.0
38. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
39. "Croatia". State.gov. 15 September 2006. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
40. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
41. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
42. "Cote d'Ivoire". State.gov. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
43. "Religious Freedom Page". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
44. "Denmark". State.gov. 15 September 2006. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
45. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
46. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 4 September 2007.
47. "Eritrea". State.gov. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
48. "AT LEAST 15-YEAR-OLD PERSONS BY RELIGION, SEX AND PLACE OF RESIDENCE, 31 DECEMBER 2011". pub.stat.ee.
49. "Fiji". State.gov. 10 September 2012. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
50. "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
51. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 5 September 2007.
52. "Religious Freedom Page: France". Religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
53. "The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 14 February 2010. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
54. "Georgia". State.gov. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
55. "Germany". Retrieved 16 June 2016.
56. "Ghana". State.gov. 15 September 2006. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
57. https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/HMGoG_Documents/Full%20Census%20Report%202012%20FINAL.pdf?
58. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 5 September 2007.
59. "Religions in Guadeloupe".
60. "Religious Composition (Census of Guyana – 2012)". Bureau of Statistics – Guyana. July 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
61. "Központi Statisztikai Hivatal". Nepszamlalas.hu. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
62. Abantika Ghosh, Vijaita Singh (24 January 2015). "Census 2011: Muslims record decadal growth of 24.6 pc, Hindus 16.8 pc". Indian Express. Indian Express. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
63. s, Rukmini; Singh, Vijaita (25 August 2015). "Hindus 79.8%, Muslims 14.2% of population: census data". The Hindu.
64. "India Census 2011". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
65. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 December 2007. Retrieved 2 October 2006.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
66. "Indonesia".
67. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
68. Indonesia: Religious Freedoms Report 2010, US State Department (2011), Quote: "The Ministry of Religious Affairs estimates that 10 million Hindus live in the country and account for approximately 90 percent of the population in Bali. Hindu minorities also reside in Central and East Kalimantan, the city of Medan (North Sumatra), South and Central Sulawesi, and Lombok (West Nusa Tenggara). Hindu groups such as Hare Krishna and followers of the Indian spiritual leader Sai Baba are present in small numbers. Some indigenous religious groups, including the "Naurus" on Seram Island in Maluku Province, incorporate Hindu and animist beliefs, and many have also adopted some Protestant teachings."
69. F.K. Bakker (1997), Balinese Hinduism and the Indonesian State: Recent Developments, Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, Deel 153, 1ste Afl., Brill Academic, pp. 15–41
70. Martin Ramstedt (2004). Hinduism in Modern Indonesia: A Minority Religion Between Local, National, and Global Interests. Routledge. pp. 7–12. ISBN 978-0-7007-1533-6.
71. https://static.rasset.ie/documents/news/census-2016-summary-results-part-1-full.pdf
72. "Israel and the Occupied Territories".
73. "Italy".
74. "Religion and the 2011 census". jamaica-gleaner.com. 4 November 2012.
75. "Kuwait".
76. "PACI Statistics". Kuwait Public Authority for Civil Information. Archived from the original on 27 June 2017. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
77. https://www.tm.gov.lv/files/l1_MjAxNC9CdWR6ZXRzL1DEgXJza2F0cyBSTyAyMDE3IC5kb2N4/2014/Budzets/Pārskats%20RO%202017%20.docx
78. "Lebanon".
79. https://osp.stat.gov.lt/documents/10180/217110/Gyv_kalba_tikyba.pdf
80. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007.
81. "Lesotho". 19 September 2006.
82. "Liberia".
83. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 6 November 2007.
84. "Libya". 19 September 2006.
85. "Sorry for the inconvenience". www.indembassy.be.
86. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 6 November 2007.
87. Madagascar Archived copy at the Library of Congress (23 January 2012).
88. "Country Profile: Malawi (Republic of Malawi)". Religious Intelligence. Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
89. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007.
90. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
91. "Malaysia".
92. http://www.worldmap.org/uploads/9/3/4/4/9344303/martinique_profile.pdf
93. "Country Profile: Maldives (Republic of Maldives)". Archived from the original on 16 June 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
94. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
95. "Resident population by religion and sex" (PDF). Statistics Mauritius. p. 68. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
96. "Moldova".
97. "Country Profile: Mozambique (Republic of Mozambique)". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
98. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007.
99. "The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census" (PDF). Department of Population, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population, MYANMAR. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
100. The World Factbook, CIA United States (2013)
101. Nepal US Department of State
102. "Netherlands".
103. van de Donk et al. (2006), p. 91
104. "New Zealand".
105. "Country Profile: Oman (Sultanate of Oman)". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
106. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 6 November 2007.
107. "Population by religion". Archived from the original on 19 July 2014.
108. "Country Profile: Panama (Republic of Panama)". Archived from the original on 28 February 2008. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
109. "Panama".
110. Projected Population as of May 6, 2013, PH: Commission on Population, 6 May 2013
111. http://stat.gov.pl/download/gfx/portalinformacyjny/pl/defaultaktualnosci/5515/1/19/1/maly_rocznik_statystyczny_polski_2018.pdf
112. "Country Profile: Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of Puerto Rico)". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
113. Global Religious Landscape. Pew Forum.
114. "وزارة التخطيط التنموي والإحصاء". Mdps.gov.qa. Retrieved 24 September 2018.
115. "Country Profile: Reunion (Department of Reunion)". Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
116. Arena – Atlas of Religions and Nationalities in Russia. Sreda.org
117. "Country Profile: Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia)". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
118. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007.
119. "Saudi Arabia". US State Department. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
120. "Wayback Machine" (PDF). 14 May 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 May 2014.
121. "Country Profile: Sierra Leone (Republic of Sierra Leone)". Archived from the original on 14 October 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
122. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 6 November 2007.
123. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
124. "Singapore".
125. Writer, Staff. "The most popular religions in South Africa".
126. "Census of Population and Housing 2011". www.statistics.gov.lk.
127. 2012 Suriname Census Definitive Results Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Algemeen Bureau voor de Statistiek – Suriname.
128. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
129. "Country Profile: Swaziland (Kingdom of Swaziland)". Archived from the original on 26 June 2008. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
130. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 6 November 2007.
131. "Sweden".
132. http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/dienstlei.stungen/publikationen_statistik/publikationskatalog.Document.50514.pdf%5B%5D
133. "Swiss Tamils look to preserve their culture".
134. statistique, Office fédéral de la. "Religions". www.bfs.admin.ch.
135. "Hinduism in Switzerland". SCHWEIZERISCHER DACHVERBAND FÜR HINDUISMUS.
136. Academy, Himalayan. "Hinduism Today Magazine". www.hinduismtoday.com.
137. Table: Religious Composition by Country, in Numbers Pew Research Center (2012)
138. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
139. "Trinidad and Tobago".
140. "Trinidad and Tobago".
141. "Thailand".
142. "Tonga Statistics Department | The official statistics provider for Tonga".
143. http://razumkov.org.ua/uploads/article/2018_Religiya.pdf
144. "Country Profile: Uganda (Republic of Uganda)". Archived from the original on 14 October 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
145. World Bank (2018)
146. "United Arab Emirates". US State Department, Religious Freedoms Report. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
147. "The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov.
148. "United Kingdom".
149. "2014 Religious Landscape Study – Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life". 12 May 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
150. https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/wphc/BVI/VGB-2016-09-08.pdf
151. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007.
152. "Country Profile: Zambia (Republic of Zambia)". Archived from the original on 14 October 2007. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
153. "Religious Freedom Page". Archived from the original on 5 November 2007.

Web-sources

External links

• adherents.com