Rigvedic deities
There are 10000 hymns in the Rigveda, most of them dedicated to specific deities. Sri Aurobindo finds Deities being a Symbol or a image of psychological function of each gods.[1] Indra, a god (The mind), slayer of Vritra (opposing forces, the mother of Vritra, Diti being the dividing consciousness[2]) and destroyer of the Vala, liberator of the cows and the rivers; Agni the sacrificial fire and messenger of the gods(the human will); and Soma, the ritual drink dedicated to Indra(ananda), are the most prominent deities.
Deities by prominence with their psychological allegory
List of Rigvedic deities by a number of dedicated hymns, after Griffith (1888). Some dedications are to paired deities, such as Indra-Agni, Mitra-Varuna, Soma-Rudra, here counted double. Vishvadevas (all gods together) have been invoked 70 times.
Deities with number os times mentioned along psychological images
Gods | Allegories | counts |
---|---|---|
Indra | Mind | 250 |
Agni | Human will | 200 |
Soma | Ananda | 123 |
Asvins | powers of light and nervous force | 56 |
varuna | all pervading vastness | 46 |
Maruts | seers of knowledge | 38 |
- Mitra 28[3]
- Ushas 21
- Vayu (Wind) 12
- Savitr 11
- the Rbhus 11
- Pushan 10
- the Apris 9
- Brhaspati 8
- Surya (Sun) 8
- Dyaus and Prithivi (Heaven and Earth) 6, plus 5.84 dedicated to Earth alone
- Apas (Waters) 6
- Adityas 6
- Vishnu 6
- Brahmanaspati 6
- Rudra 5
- Dadhikras 4
- Yama (Death) 4
- the Sarasvati River / Sarasvati 3
- Parjanya (Rain) 3
- Vāc (Speech) 2 (mentioned 130 times, deified e.g. in 10.125)
- Vastospati 2
- Vishvakarman 2
- Manyu 2
- Kapinjala (the Heathcock, a form of Indra) 2
Minor deities (one single or no dedicated hymn)
- Manas (Thought), prominent concept, deified in 10.58
- Dakshina (Reward for priests and poets), prominent concept, deified in 10.107
- Purusha ("Cosmic Man" of the Purusha sukta 10.90)
- Aditi
- Bhaga
- Vasukra
- Atri
- Apam Napat
- Ksetrapati
- Ghrta
- Nirrti
- Asamati
- Urvasi
- Pururavas
- Vena
- Aranyani
- Mayabheda
- Tarksya
- Tvastar
- Saranyu
See also
References
- Sri Aurobindo (1998), p. 34-35.
- Sri Aurobindo (1998), p. 131-132.
- Noel Seth,"Man's Relation to God in the Varuna Hymns," in the St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia of India, Ed. George Menachery, Vol.III, 2010, pp.4 ff.
- Ralph T.H. Griffith, Hymns of the Rigveda (1888).
- Rudralife
- Sri Aurobindo (1998), The Secret of veda (PDF), Sri Aurobindo Ashram press
External links
Media related to Rigvedic deities at Wikimedia Commons