Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland

The following is a timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Scotland. There are significant differences in the legislation and the reporting between the countries of the UK: England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales.

Timeline

January 2020
  • 24 January – Five people were tested for COVID-19 in Scotland, all returning negative as an incident team was established for the disease.[1]

February 2020
  • 10 February – 57 tests had been conducted (all negatives),[2] a figure which rose to 412 by 25 February.[3]
  • 22 February – COVID-19 was made into a "notifiable disease",[4] and a surveillance network involving 41 GP locations was established to submit samples of suspected patients, even if they had no travel history.[5]
  • 26/27 February – There is a coronavirus outbreak at a Nike conference in Edinburgh from which at least 25 people linked to the event are thought to have contracted the virus, including 8 residents of Scotland. Health Protection Scotland establishes an incident management team, and full contact tracing is done for delegates who have tested positive.[6]
  • 29 February – Scotland's Chief Medical Officer, Catherine Calderwood announces that surveillance will begin at some hospitals and 41 GP surgeries in Scotland.[7]

March 2020
  • 1 March – Authorities confirm the first case of coronavirus in Scotland.[8]
  • 2 March – It is reported that Health Protection Scotland was alerted by international authorities about a person, not from the UK, who tested positive after the Nike conference in late February. The public were not told.
  • 3 March – First person from the Nike conference tests positive. Public still not informed, but Scottish Ministers are now told.
  • 4 March – Two further cases are confirmed, one having travelled from Italy and the other having had contact with a known carrier.[9][10]
  • 5 March – Three further cases are confirmed, taking the total to five cases.[11]
  • 6 March – The number of confirmed cases double to 11.[12]
  • 9 March – Cases have more than doubled again to 23 cases out of 2,101 tests conducted.[13]
  • 11 March – First case of community transmission which wasn't linked to travel or confirmed cases.[14]
  • 13 March – Authorities confirm the first death from coronavirus in Scotland.[15]
  • 16 March – 171 cases have been confirmed from 4,895 tests, with positive cases being reported by all health boards of NHS Scotland except in NHS Orkney and NHS Western Isles.[16]
  • 20 March – The Scottish Government tells cafes, pubs, and restaurants to close.[17][lower-roman 1]
  • 23 March – With the UK death toll hitting 335 deaths and 14 in Scotland, Boris Johnson announced a nationwide 'Stay at Home' order would come into effect as of midnight and it would be reviewed every 3 weeks.[18] Former CMO Catherine Calderwood said, "This is no longer a rehearsal for something that might happen."[19] This would become known as the UK lockdown.
  • 24 March –
    • 16 patients with confirmed cases of COVID-19 had died.[20] Approximately 0.17% of the population had been tested as of 23 March 2020. However those showing symptoms were advised to stay at home and were still not being tested.
    • The Scottish Parliament closes, with plans to reconvene on 1 April to discuss emergency legislation.[21]
  • 25 March – The First Minister confirms that the Scottish Government will establish a COVID-19 Advisory Group to supplement the advice it receives from the UK-wide Scientific Advisory Group on Emergencies. It will be chaired by Professor Andrew Morris of Edinburgh University, the Director of Health Research UK, with support from vice chair David Crossman, Dean of Medicine at the University of St Andrews and Chief Scientific Advisor for Health at the Scottish Government.[22]
  • 26 March – It is announced that 25 deaths have been reported, with 896 confirmed cases in Scotland.[23]
  • 28 March – Alister Jack, the Secretary of State for Scotland, announces that he is self-isolating after experiencing coronavirus symptoms.[24]

April 2020
  • 1 April –
    • Confirmed cases of COVID-19 pass 2,000 across the country, with 76 deaths in hospitals. The Scottish Government announces 3,500 tests a day by the end of the month and construction starts at the SEC in Glasgow to become NHS Louisa Jordan, a 300 bed capacity hospital, but expandable to 1,000 if required.[25][26]
    • The 2020 Edinburgh festivals, planned for August, are cancelled.[27]
  • 5 April – Catherine Calderwood, Scotland's chief medical officer, resigns from her post after it emerged she had been spoken to by police for visiting her second home during lockdown.[28]
  • 6 April – The Coronavirus (Scotland) Act 2020, introduced as an Emergency Bill in the Scottish Parliament on 31 March, gains Royal Assent, becoming law.[29]
  • 7 April – The Scottish Government announces that 12,000 nursing and midwifery students from across the country and returning workers who had worked in the Health and Social Care sector have signed up to join the NHS workforce to help fight COVID-19, Chief Nursing Officer Fiona McQueen says, "I want to thank each and every student who has volunteered their support so far." In addition, 2,000 final year students had already joined the workforce since the call for help was sent out. [30]
  • 11 April – Occupancy of critical care beds in England peaks at around 58% of capacity. Occupancy in the month of April for Scotland and Wales will only briefly exceed 40%, while Northern Ireland reported a peak of 51% early in the month.[31]
  • 16 April – After reviewing the lockdown with all nations in the UK, the decision is made to extend it for another three weeks until the 7 May.[32]
  • 20 April –
    • Prof Dame Angela Maclean, the UK's deputy chief scientific adviser, says the number of confirmed cases is "flattening out".[33] The number of people in hospital for COVID-19 has begun to fall in Scotland, Wales and every region of England, with significant falls in London and the Midlands.[34]
    • NHS Louisa Jordan in Glasgow opens as confirmed cases pass 8,400 with 915 fatalities in hospitals.[35]
  • 22 April – The National Records of Scotland (NRS) releases data up to 19 April. The number of deaths in Scotland was up 80% above the 5-year average. 537 deaths had been recorded in care homes, double the number of the previous week, 910 deaths had been recorded in hospitals, and 168 deaths in homes or other settings. Public Health Scotland's daily figures were under-counting deaths by up to 40%.[lower-roman 2] as it was reporting deaths in hospitals only.[36]
  • 23 April – As the Scottish Government publishes details of a strategy for ending lockdown, Nicola Sturgeon, the First Minister of Scotland, says the lifting of restrictions in Scotland is "likely to be phased" with some measures remaining in place until 2021 "and beyond".[37]
  • 25 April – Confirmed cases surpass 10,000.
  • 28 April – *The Scottish Government recommends people cover their faces while in some public places such as shops and on public transport.[38]

May 2020
  • 7 May –
    • Confirmed cases of COVID-19 pass 11,500 across the country, with 1,515 deaths in hospitals. The Scottish Government announces that it had reached its testing goal of 3,500 tests a day in NHS labs laid out in April with 4,661 tests carried out on 30 April. They also announce that their next target is 8,000 tests a day in NHS labs across Scotland by Mid-May.[39]
    • Nicola Sturgeon extends the lockdown restrictions in Scotland for another three weeks, but says they could be changed if there is evidence it is safe to do so.[40]
  • 8 May – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon reports that there is some recognition that each of the four nations of the UK might move at different speeds with regard to loosening the lockdown and that she will not be pressured into lifting restrictions prematurely.[41]
  • 10 May –
    • The UK government updates its coronavirus message from "stay at home, protect the NHS, save lives" to "stay alert, control the virus, save lives". The Opposition Labour Party expresses concern the slogan could be confusing, and leaders of the devolved governments in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland say they will keep the original slogan.[42]
    • Nicola Sturgeon removes the once-a-day outdoors exercise limit in Scotland starting from the following day.[43]
  • 11 May –
    • In a national address to Scotland at the beginning of the seventh week of lockdown, Nicola Sturgeon asks the nation "to stick with lockdown for a bit longer – so that we can consolidate our progress, not jeopardise it[…] I won't risk unnecessary deaths by acting rashly or prematurely." This marks the moment when the four nations of the UK begin to take different approaches to handling lockdown restrictions.[44]
    • The public are made aware of the Nike conference outbreak by an edition of the documentary series BBC Disclosure.[45][46][47]
  • 18 May –
  • 19 May – More information about the Nike conference comes out from the BBC and Sky News, showing that none of the people the Nike delegates were in contact with were approached for testing or support, including 20 Lloyd's Banking Group employees they shared facilities with. The Nike delegates were taken on a walking tour of Edinburgh, the tour guides were not traced, tested or informed.[52]
  • 21 May – First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon outlines a four-phase "route map" for easing lockdown restrictions in Scotland that will include allowing people to meet up outside with people from one other household in the first phase. The lockdown will be eased from 28 May subject to the number of new cases of COVID-19 continuing to fall.[53] Schools in Scotland will reopen on 11 August, when students will receive a "blended model" of part-time study at school combined with some learning at home.[54]
  • 24 May – Two Dutch employees attended the Nike conference, one of who is believed to have been the cause of the shutdown of the HQ in the Netherlands. The Nike conference is proven to have started the outbreak in the North-East of England, as one of the delegates was infected and went to a birthday party and infected more people.[55]
  • 26 May –
    • The Scottish Government announces plans for Test and Protect, a track and trace system.[56]
    • Douglas Ross resigns as a junior minister with the Scotland Office over the UK government's defence of Dominic Cummings, while at least 35 Conservative MPs call for Cummings to be removed from his post.[57]
  • 27 May – It is reported that 10 Nike delegates from the conference were taken for a kilt fitting, during which a woman fitting the kilts was infected by them.[58]
  • 28 May –
    • Contact tracing systems go live in England and Scotland – NHS Test and Trace in England, and Test and Protect in Scotland.[59] However, Dido Harding tells MPs the system in England will not be "fully operational at a local level" until the end of June.[60][61]
    • First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon announces an easing of lockdown measures in Scotland from the following day, when people from two different households can meet up outdoors as long as they are groups of eight or less.[62]
  • 29 May – Lockdown measures are eased in Scotland.[63]

June 2020
  • 7 June – *No new deaths are recorded for Scotland or Northern Ireland over the most recent 24 hour period; it is the first time Scotland has recorded no new deaths since lockdown began in March.[64][65]
  • 8 June – No deaths are reported in Scotland for a second consecutive day.[66]
  • 13 June – The Scottish Retail Consortium urges the Scottish Government to set a provisional date for the reopening of non-essential shops.[67]
  • 18 June – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announces the next phase of easing the lockdown restrictions in Scotland. People living alone or single parents with children can form what is described as an "extended group" with one other household from 19 June, enabling them to stay overnight, while up to three households can meet up outdoors. Face coverings will become compulsory on public transport from 22 June, and most shops are being allowed to reopen from 29 June.[68][69]
  • 19 June – As Scotland enters the second phase of its road map to ease lockdown restrictions, the Scottish Government replaces its "stay at home" message with "stay safe".[70]
  • 21 June –
    • No new COVID-19 deaths are recorded for Scotland and Northern Ireland.[71][72]
    • NHS Test and Protect, Scotland's contact tracing service, is to send out leaflets to every household in Scotland explaining how the system works, and what people should do if they develop COVID-19 symptoms.[73]
  • 22 June – The wearing of face coverings becomes compulsory on public transport in Scotland, with exemptions made for children under five and people with certain medical conditions.[74] Dentists are allowed to reopen for patients in need of urgent treatment, and health services are expanded again.[75] Places of worship in Scotland can also reopen for individual prayer.[76]
  • 23 June – Scottish Education Minister John Swinney confirms that schools in Scotland will return full time in August providing the coronavirus continues to be suppressed.[77]
  • 24 June – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announces major changes to the lockdown restrictions in Scotland. These include allowing people to meet indoors with two other households from 10 July, and reopening pubs and restaurants, holiday accommodation, and hairdressers from 15 July. The two metre social distancing rule stays in place for Scotland.[78]
  • 26 June – Scotland records no deaths or new cases of COVID-19 for the most recent 24 hour period, prompting First Minister Nicola Sturgeon to predict that Scotland is "not far away" from eliminating the virus.[79]
  • 27 June – Travel companies report that holiday bookings have "exploded" since the UK government announced plans to ease quarantine restrictions on travel abroad. But Scotland says it is yet to decide on the matter. Although the UK government has authority over border control, the Scottish government must be consulted on quarantine in Scotland because health matters in Scotland are devolved to the Scottish government.[80][81]
  • 28 June – Following two days with no reported deaths in Scotland, Professor Devi Sridhar, an expert in public health at Edinburgh University, suggests that Scotland could eradicate COVID-19 by the end of the summer.[82]
  • 29 June – Non essential retailers reopen in Scotland.[83]

July 2020
  • 2 July – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announces that the wearing of face coverings will become mandatory in shops in Scotland from 10 July.[84]
  • 3 July –
    • The UK Government published a list of 59 countries for which quarantine will not apply when arriving back in England as from 10 July. They include Greece, France, Belgium and Spain, but Portugal and the United States are among those not on the list. These changes do not apply to Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, where quarantine restrictions remain in place for all arrivals from outside the UK.[85]
    • Scotland lifts its five-mile travel restriction, and also allows the use of self-contained holiday accommodation.[86]
  • 5 July – Jeane Freeman, Scotland's Cabinet Secretary for Health and Sport, says that no quarantine checks have been carried out on passengers arriving in Scotland from overseas because officials did not have security clearance to access the details of passengers. With security checks on staff now completed, they are scheduled to begin within days.[87]
  • 6 July –
    • As concerns about increasing unemployment grow, the UK government announces a £111m scheme to help firms in England provide an extra 30,000 trainee places; £21m will be provided to fund similar schemes in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.[88]
    • Beer gardens and pavement cafes are reopened in Scotland after fifteen weeks of lockdown.[89]
  • 8 July – In a break with the UK government's list of countries exempt from quarantine restrictions, the Scottish Government announces that passengers arriving from Spain and Serbia will still have to quarantine for 14 days on arrival in Scotland.[90]
  • 9 July –
    • Scottish First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announces that people in Scotland will be able to meet up indoors with two other households from 10 July, and also in extended groups outside of up to fifteen from the same day. Shopping centres will reopen from 13 July, and hairdressers and barbers, as well as the indoor areas of bars and restaurants, from 15 July.[91]
    • The majority of gates to Glasgow's Kelvingrove Park are to be locked over the summer to prevent large gatherings, and following problems with anti-social behaviour in the park during lockdown.[92]
  • 10 July –
    • As the wearing of face coverings becomes mandatory in shops in Scotland, the UK Government considers whether to introduce the same rule for shops in England, while Prime Minister Boris Johnson is seen in public wearing one..[93][94]
    • The Scottish Government gives the Scottish Football Association permission to launch the 2020–21 Scottish Premiership on 1 August.[95]
  • 11 July – The number of new COVID-19 cases in Scotland has fallen to single figures after seven people tested positive in the most recent 24-hour period; there were also no new COVID deaths in Scotland over the same period.[96]
  • 13 July – Shopping centres are permitted to reopen in Scotland, while outdoor contact sports resume for children.[97]
  • 15 July –
    • Hairdressers and barbers, pubs and restaurants, cinemas, tourist attractions, places of worship and childcare facilities reopen in Scotland in what First Minister Nicola Sturgeon describes as "the biggest step so far" in easing its lockdown restrictions.[98]
    • Scotland records its seventh consecutive day without any COVID-19 hospital deaths, and also had three days with no admissions to hospital from the virus in the week ending 12 July. Since 26 June there have been six days without a hospital admission.[99]
  • 16 July –
    • First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon announces changes to lockdown rules for those who are shielding, effective from 17 July. From that date they can visit holiday accommodation, as well as outdoor markets and gardens.[100]
    • Research carried out by the health service in Scotland in a sample of 4,751 samples between April and June seems to suggest that less than 5% of Scots have had COVID-19.[101]
  • 18 July – Scotland experiences its biggest daily rise in COVID-19 cases since 21 June, with 21 cases reported over the most recent 24 hours, eight of them in the Glasgow and Clyde area.[102]
  • 19 July –
    • Another 23 new COVID-19 cases are recorded for Scotland, but there are no further deaths.[103]
    • Health officials confirm they are investigating a potential cluster of COVID-19 cases linked to a call centre in Lanarkshire that carries out contact-tracing for Public Health England.[104]
  • 20 July –
    • Six people are reported to have tested positive for COVID-19 at the call centre outbreak, identified at a Sitel site in Motherwell, and an investigation is under way.[104]
    • Scotland lifts quarantine restrictions for people arriving from Spain.[105]
  • 21 July –
    • A further 22 new cases of COVID-19 are reported in Scotland, 14 of which are linked to the Lanarkshire call centre outbreak.[106]
    • The Scottish Government announces a 2.8% above-inflation pay rise for NHS medical and dental workers backdated to 1 April.[107]
  • 22 July –
    • Figures released by the National Records of Scotland show COVID deaths have fallen to their lowest level since the beginning of the pandemic, with six deaths mentioning the virus during the week ending 19 July. This compares to more than 600 per week during the height of the pandemic in April 2020.[108]
    • Five local businesses, including pubs and cafes, are linked to the call centre COVID outbreak in Lanarkshire.[109]
    • Children under the age of five with COVID symptoms become eligible for testing; previously a test was only carried out if there was a "pressing clinical need" for it.[110]
  • 23 July –
    • The 2020 Great Scottish Run, scheduled for 4 October, is cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[111]
    • The Scottish Government announces funding for 850 new teaching jobs and 200 support staff to help schools reopen on 11 August.[112]
    • The Scottish Government apologises to funfair owners after giving out incorrect advice that they could reopen on 15 July after they were subsequently forced to close again.[113]
  • 24 July – No new COVID deaths are reported in Scotland, but there are 20 new cases of the virus.[114]
  • 26 July –
    • Quarantine restrictions are reimposed on travellers arriving from Spain following a spike in COVID-19 cases in Spain.[115]
    • Four new cases of COVID-19 are recorded in Scotland, but there are no deaths for the tenth day in a row.[116]
  • 27 July – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announces that the temporary hospital, NHS Louisa Jordan is to be used to help clear a backlog of outpatient appointments delayed by the COVID-19 pandemic following a successful trial with a small group of outpatient visitors.[117]
  • 29 July –
    • A possible COVID-19 cluster is being investigated in Glasgow following 14 new cases in the city.[118]
    • The Scottish Government announces a hotel recovery programme worth £14m, designed to support the tourist industry until Summer 2021.[119]
  • 30 July –
    • First Minister Nicola Sturgeon gives schools the go-ahead to reopen on 11 August, with all pupils expected to be in class full time from 18 August.[120]
    • Sturgeon sets a provisional date for gyms, swimming pools and indoor sports venues to reopen on 14 September, but says she will review the situation in three weeks to see if the date can be brought forward.[121] The same date is also set for the return of spectator sporting events.[122]
    • Sturgeon confirms the shielding programme will be paused on 1 August.[123]
    • The Office for Statistics Regulation criticises Sturgeon for comments she made in which she claimed COVID-19 rates were five times higher in England than Scotland.[124]
    • Luxembourg is added to the list of countries from where travellers arriving into Scotland must quarantine for 14 days following a rise in cases there, with the rule coming into force from midnight.[125]
  • 31 July –
    • 30 new COVID-19 cases are recorded in Scotland, the highest daily rise since 4 June, but no COVID-related deaths are recorded for the fifteenth consecutive day.[126]
    • The Scottish Government warns people against visiting areas of England subject to lockdown rules, after measures were imposed in Greater Manchester, East Lancashire and West Yorkshire.[127]
    • Edinburgh Airport announces plans to make a third of its 750-strong workforce redundant because of impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.[128]

August 2020
  • 1 August –
    • The shielding programme is paused for England and Scotland, but will continue for the areas where extra precautions have been introduced.[129]
    • 18 new COVID-19 cases are recorded, a drop of 12 from the previous day.[130]
    • The three most popular Historic Environment Scotland visitor attractions – Edinburgh Castle, Stirling Castle and Urquhart Castle – are reopened to the public, but will a reduced footfall capacity.[131]
    • As the 2020–21 Scottish Premier League season begins police urge fans to stay away from match venues.[132]
  • 2 August – Health officials announce they are investigating a cluster of 13 COVID-19 cases linked to a pub in Aberdeen.[133]
  • 4 August –
    • Secondary school students receive their Higher grades. Having been unable to take their exams because of the pandemic, their grades have been estimated by teachers, but the body awarding the qualifications is reported to have downgraded around a quarter of the marks awarded in order to "maintain credibility".[134]
    • The number of COVID-19 cases linked to the Aberdeen cluster rises to 32.[135]
  • 5 August – Lockdown restrictions are reimposed on Aberdeen after the number of cases in the city rises to 54. Pubs and restaurants are required to close by 5pm, and travel restrictions to and from the city come into force.[136]
  • 6 August – The number of COVID-19 cases in Aberdeen rises to 79.[137]
  • 7 August –
    • First Minister Nicola Sturgeon extends the list of places where the wearing of face coverings is required to include libraries, museums and places of worship, with effect from the following day. She also announces the collection of contact tracing details will become mandatory for the hospitality industry from the following week.[138]
    • A further 43 cases are recorded in Scotland, with the number of cases linked to Aberdeen standing at 101. They include two Aberdeen F.C. players who tested positive from a group of eight who attended a night club the previous weekend.[139]
  • 8 August – A further 60 COVID-19 cases are reported in Scotland, including 39 in the NHS Grampian area which includes the city of Aberdeen.[140]
  • 9 August – Ministers announce a relaxing of rules for care home visits from the following day that allows three outdoor visitors per person from two separate households.[141]
  • 10 August –
    • First Minister Nicola Sturgeon apologises for the exam results controversy, saying the Scottish Government "did not get it right".[142]
    • A Royal Bank of Scotland survey finds the private sector Scottish economy is "approaching stabilisation" following the effects of lockdown.[143]
    • A leading public sector leisure management facility warns that leisure centres in the public sector are facing closure because of the impact of the pandemic.[144]
  • 11 August –
    • The Scottish Government agrees to upgrade thousands of exam results following controversy over their marking, and accept teachers' estimates of pupils' results.[145]
    • Pupils in Scotland return to school for the first time since March.[146]
  • 12 August – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announces that lockdown measures will remain in place in Aberdeen. Cases have fallen since it was implemented, but are still higher than in other areas.[147]
  • 13 August – First Minister Nicola Sturgeon warns that COVID-19 cases in Scotland may be increasing again following a series of clusters in Orkney, Glasgow and Aberdeenshire.[148]
  • 14 August –
    • The Scottish Professional Football League begins disciplinary action against Aberdeen and Celtic over breaches of COVID-19 protocol.[149]
    • Authorities announce that anyone in the Grampian region identified as a close contact of someone testing positive for COVID-19 will be offered a test, regardless of whether or not they have symptoms.[150]
  • 15 August – A further 51 cases of COVID-19 are reported in Scotland, 25 of them in the NHS Grampian region.[151]

Notes
  1. Also told to close are nightclubs and other drinking establishments, Cinemas, theatres and bingo halls and concert halls, Spas, wellness centres and massage parlours, Casinos and betting shops, and Indoor leisure facilities such as gyms and swimming pools.
  2. Deaths in Scotland with COVID-19 mentioned as a cause:
    • 910 in hospitals (57%)
    • 537 in care homes (33%)
    • 168 in homes and other settings (10%)
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See also

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  70. "'Stay at home' message replaced with 'stay safe'". 19 June 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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  73. "Test and Protect leaflets sent out to homes". 21 June 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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  76. Morrison, Ali (22 June 2020). "Places of worship reopen for individual prayer". Northern Times. Retrieved 22 June 2020.
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  78. "Scottish pubs and restaurants to reopen in July". 24 June 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  79. "Scotland 'not far away' from eliminating virus". 26 June 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  80. "Holiday bookings 'explode' as restrictions eased". 27 June 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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  87. "No quarantine checks made on arrivals to Scotland". 5 July 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  88. "Sunak to give firms £1,000 'bonus' to hire trainees". 6 July 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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  113. "Government apology over wrong funfair advice". 23 July 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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  121. "Gyms and pools set to reopen by 14 September". 30 July 2020 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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  148. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-53766280
  149. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/53783017
  150. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-shetland-53786130
  151. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-53792317
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