Justin Wilson (racing driver)

Justin Boyd Wilson (31 July 1978 – 24 August 2015) was a British professional open-wheel racing driver who competed in Formula One in 2003, the Champ Car World Series from 2004 to 2007 and the IndyCar Series from 2008 to 2015. He won the first Formula Palmer Audi in 1998, the International Formula 3000 Championship with Nordic Racing in 2001, and co-won the 2012 24 Hours of Daytona for Michael Shank Racing.

Justin Wilson
NationalityBritish
BornJustin Boyd Wilson
(1978-07-31)31 July 1978
Moorgate, Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England
Died24 August 2015(2015-08-24) (aged 37)
Allentown, Pennsylvania, United States
Related toStefan Wilson (brother)
Verizon IndyCar Series career
Years active2008–2015
Former teamsNewman/Haas/Lanigan Racing (2008)
Dreyer & Reinbold Racing (2010–2011)
Dale Coyne Racing (2009, 2012–2014)
Andretti Autosport (2015)
Starts120
Wins3
Poles2
Fastest laps2
Best finish6th in 2013
Champ Car World Series
Years active2004–2007
TeamsConquest Racing (2004)
RuSport (2005–2006)
RSPORTS (2007)
Starts54
Wins4
Poles6
Best finish2nd in 2006, 2007
Awards
2006, 2007Greg Moore Legacy Award
Formula One World Championship career
Active years2003
TeamsMinardi, Jaguar
Entries16
Championships0
Wins0
Podiums0
Career points1
Pole positions0
Fastest laps0
First entry2003 Australian Grand Prix
Last entry2003 Japanese Grand Prix

Wilson began karting at the age of eight and achieved consistent results, before progressing to car racing in the Formula Vauxhall Championship. He won the Formula Palmer Audi title and earned a fully funded seat in the International Formula 3000 Championship. Wilson was the first British driver to win the series championship in 2001. He moved to the 2002 World Series by Nissan for the Racing Engineering team and finished fourth. Through an investment scheme where the public could purchase shares in Wilson, he drove for the Minardi and Jaguar teams in the 2003 Formula One season.

He drove for the Conquest Racing and RuSPORT teams in the Champ Car World Series from 2004 to 2007, winning four races and was runner-up in the 2006 and 2007 drivers' championships. Wilson went to Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing for the 2008 IndyCar Series, winning the Detroit Indy Grand Prix. A move to the low-budget Dale Coyne Racing team for 2009 resulted in the team's first open-wheel victory at the Grand Prix at the Glen. Wilson moved to the Dreyer & Reinbold Racing squad from 2010 and 2011 but did not win a race. He returned to Dale Coyne Racing from 2012 and 2014, where he won the 2012 Firestone 550 and was sixth in the 2013 drivers' championship.

Late in the 2015 season, in the ABC Supply 500 at Pocono Raceway, Wilson died one day after debris from Sage Karam's crashed car struck his helmet. He was the first driver to die from injuries sustained in an IndyCar race since Dan Wheldon in 2011. Overall Wilson won seven races in American open-wheel racing, and was popular and friendly with others. Wilson donated his organs to save the lives of six people. A hairpin corner at Snetterton Circuit was renamed after him and a memorial fund was established to support his children.

Early and personal life

Wilson was born in Moorgate, a suburb of Rotherham, South Yorkshire,[1] on 31 July 1978 to Keith and Lynne Wilson.[2] His father is the owner of a solvents company and a petrol station,[3] who raced Formula Ford cars from the 1960s until a major accident at Oulton Park in 1975 ended his career.[4][5][6] Wilson's younger brother, Stefan, is also a racing driver.[7] He grew up in Woodall, a small hamlet outside of the Woodall services on the M1 motorway near Sheffield.[2][6] From 1989 to the completion of General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examinations in July 1994, Wilson was educated at Sheffield's private Birkdale School.[8]

At age 11, he was tested for dyslexia, a learning disability that affects how a person reads and writes words; the test was negative. Wilson's mother took him to a clinic for a second test two years later and he was formally diagnosed with the condition at the age of 13.[9] He struggled at school with the disability and received additional tutoring; Wilson's peers perceived him as inept and unintelligent.[10] He married his partner Julia in 2006 and have two children, Jane and Jessica.[2] Wilson was the official ambassador for the International Dyslexia Association,[10] and Teen Cancer America.[11]

Junior career

Aged 8 in 1987, Wilson sought a hobby and took up karting,[5] refining his ability at the South Yorkshire Kart Club in Wombwell, Barnsley.[12] His father was his chief mechanic, courier and mentor.[13] In 1989, Wilson's finished seventh in the Cadet National British Karting Championship, 12th in the 1991 RACMSA Junior British Championships, improving to fourth in 1992.[4] His father contacted karting expert Terry Fullerton in 1993 and the two met at the Worksop motorway services. Fullerton told him that his Wilson should cease karting in his category because of his weight, and mentored him in 1994.[13] Wilson finished fifth in the 1994 Formula A British Championship, the United Kingdom's highest-level of kart racing.[14] He was third at Buckmore Park Kart Circuit's Renault GP race.[15]

He progressed to car racing at age 16, competing in the Formula Vauxhall Junior Winter Series with Team JLR,[16] as preparation for the 1995 Formula Vaxuhall Junior Championship.[14] Wilson won on his series debut at Pembrey Circuit in South Wales' first heat aged 16 years and 2 months,[16][17] and became the first 16-year-old to win an official motor race in the United Kingdom.[17][18] He remained with Team JLR in 1995.[16] Wilson missed the season's first round after breaking both his legs when the brakes on his racing school car failed at Brands Hatch.[16][19] A pre-season title favourite,[16] he claimed four victories and tied on points in third position with driver Ben Collins.[14] He won the Formula Vauxhall Junior Challenge Cup category limited to 16-year-olds.[16] Wilson won the British Racing Drivers' Club (BRDC) Chris Bristow Trophy as "the most promising driver to race at Silverstone",[20] and was a finalist for the Autosport BRDC Award.[21]

To better his driving ability,[7] Paul Stewart Racing (PSR) manager Andy Pycock selected him to compete for the team in the 1996 championship.[21][22] PSR were allowed to move its pedals back and alter its shape for better comfort to accommodate Wilson's 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) frame.[22] He won the season-opening round at Brands Hatch,[21] finished in the top five in every race and took two pole positions to finish runner-up in the championship.[15] The following year, Wilson fell to fourth overall with three victories and seven podium finishes.[20][21] For the 1997 EFDA Nations Cup at Donington Park in October, he joined fellow driver Warren Carway in the Diamond Racing-run European Union Team, finishing fourth.[23]

Jonathan Palmer (pictured in 2011) became Wilson's manager after the driver won the Formula Palmer Audi title in 1998.

His performances impressed the three-time world champion Jackie Stewart and his son Paul.[4] Jackie Stewart concluded Wilson's height would hinder him in single-seaters and advised a move to either sports car or touring car racing.[24] A lack of funding prevented a progression to Formula Three due to its high entry fee.[18][25] His family wrote to the former driver and commentator Jonathan Palmer for advice.[4] Palmer replied he had established a one-make racing series for drivers seeking a modest financial route to Formula One. Wilson entered Formula Palmer Audi in 1998 and was employed as a driving instructor at Bedford Autodrome.[4][25][26] With nine victories and four pole positions, he won the inaugural championship over Darren Turner,[15][19] and was again shortlisted for the Autosport BRDC Award.[2]

Wilson's title victory earned him a fully funded seat in the International Formula 3000 Championship—Formula One's feeder series—with Team Astromega for the 1999 season,[21][26] and Palmer became his manager.[19] He worked to better his engineering skills and relationship with the media.[19] During the season, in which Palmer obtained sponsorship for Wilson from Benetton Formula,[27] he qualified for every race and was several times the highest-placed rookie. He took two points and was 20th in the drivers' standings.[14][15][24]

His driving ability attracted Nordic Racing's attention, and they signed him for the 2000 season.[28] He established a rapport with team owners Chris and Derek Mower.[19] Wilson's results improved from 1999, finishing fifth overall with two podium finishes and five points finishes.[20] He returned to Nordic Racing for the 2001 season,[15] and moved to Northampton in late May.[6] Wilson won three times —at Autódromo José Carlos Pace, the A1-Ring and the Hungaroring—[20] to claim the championship by a series-record 32 points over Mark Webber.[28][29] His consistency earned him 10 podium finishes and 71 championship points.[24] Wilson was the first British driver to win the International Formula 3000 Championship,[30] and won the BRDC Gold Medal, the ERA Club Trophy and the Graham Hill Trophy for doing so.[18]

At first Formula One teams were not interested in Wilson,[31] but tested for the Jordan team at Silverstone in September 2001,[32] and had a seat fitting at McLaren.[4] Jordan did not sign Wilson to race in the 2002 season due to financial issues,[26] signing the 2001 British Formula Three champion Takuma Sato.[33] Wilson considered going to Championship Auto Racing Teams (CART),[33] and spoke to the Minardi team before it selected Mark Webber; he did not return to International Formula 3000.[34] For 2002, he drove in the inaugural World Series by Nissan. The Racing Engineering team chose Wilson,[21] and he accepted.[28] He won races at Autódromo José Carlos Pace and the Circuit Ricardo Tormo and took a further six podium finishes for fourth in the points standings.[14][20]

Formula One career

When Minardi driver Alex Yoong was rested for two races due to poor performance, Wilson was the team's preferred choice to replace him.[4] However during a seat fitting at Minardi's headquarters in Faenza, Italy,[35] he was unable to fit inside the PS02 car because of his long legs[4][21] and so Anthony Davidson drove the car instead.[24] Wilson and his manager Jonathan Palmer were eager to arrange a test with the Newman/Haas Racing CART team in September 2002, and the latter had a seat fitting in a Lola-Toyota car at their Chicago workshop and became acquainted with its staff. Wilson made his oval track test debut at Homestead–Miami Speedway on 8 October.[36] He declined Newman/Haas' invitation for a second test at Sebring International Raceway in December.[37][38]

Wilson driving for Minardi at the 2003 British Grand Prix

Wilson discussed driving for Minardi in 2003 with its owner Paul Stoddart, who was keen to have him replace the outgoing Mark Webber.[39] He was told to gather £2 million in sponsorship funding to race for Minardi.[40] The capital was raised through Palmer searching for financial partners,[41] whilst Wilson's father mortgaged the family home.[30] With the provision of him bringing the agreed financial settlement,[41] Minardi designed its PS03 car to accommodate Wilson's large frame; the seat was lowered to prevent his knees from being positioned next to his chin and pushed its pedals forward.[42] He visited Faenza in late November and had no difficulty entering and exiting a mocked-up version of the car.[43] Wilson signed a three-year contract to drive for Minardi one month later.[44]

It later emerged Wilson had not obtained the necessary sponsorship money to pay for his seat at Minardi and his father was close to selling his petrol station.[42] Palmer spent most of January and February 2003 holding meetings with lawyers to develop a programme allowing investors to support Wilson's career by buying shares in him. This would allow them to raise £1.2 million required for Wilson to drive for Minardi in the season's first two rounds.[45] The investment was floated on the London Stock Exchange from 5 March to 31 May,[45][46][47] making Wilson the first racing driver to be listed on it.[47] A total of 900 people invested a minimum of £500,[14] with 10 per cent of Wilson's earnings paid to them until 31 December 2012.[lower-alpha 1][47][48]

Wilson driving for Jaguar at the 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix

He equalled the pace of his more experienced teammate Jos Verstappen;[14][28] Wilson generally qualified in a low grid slot and made brisk starts to gain track position before a pit stop.[24] Before the German Grand Prix, Jaguar selected him to replace the under-performing Antônio Pizzonia for the rest of the season.[lower-alpha 2][49] David Pitchforth, Jaguar's managing director, and team principal Tony Purnell were impressed with Wilson's performances and driving ability and received feedback from Stoddart and Wilson's mechanics at Nordic Racing. Palmer told Wilson to visit Jaguar's headquarters in Milton Keynes for a seat fitting at midnight with a contract written up the day after the British Grand Prix.[50] Having been granted the final five races to convince Jaguar to keep him alongside Mark Webber for 2004,[51] his teammate outperformed him by half a second on average due to his unfamiliarity with the car.[52] Wilson finished eighth at the United States Grand Prix and was 20th in the drivers' standings with one point.[53]

He was linked to three teams for the 2004 season.[54] Jaguar granted Wilson a contract extension until post-season testing ended in December to convince the team to retain him.[55] Jaguar dropped Wilson because its owner, Ford, was not prepared to pour unlimited funds into Formula One and advised the team to sign a pay driver.[56] Christian Klien, a Formula Three driver who was funded by the drink company Red Bull, took Wilson's place.[24] A return to Jaguar as a test driver on race weekends was made unfeasible after Formula One's governing body, the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), retained a regulation for the 2004 championship that prohibited drivers who had competed in six or more Formula One events from participating in Friday test sessions.[57]

American open-wheel racing career

Champ Car World Series (2004–2007)

With the loss of employment in Formula One, Wilson was disenchanted with his career,[58] and sought a drive in the Champ Car World Series (CCWS) over the rival Indy Racing League (IRL) due to its parity, noting: "Same cars, same engines, so working with the team with a half reasonable budget you can do a half decent job."[59] Wilson signed with the small-budget Conquest Racing team for the 2004 season.[60][61] The layout of his Lola car allowed him to lie almost flat on its floor and demonstrated a decent performance in pre-season testing.[62] Wilson had a mixed season driving the No. 34 car; he took eight top-ten finishes, with a year-best of fourth at the season-ending Gran Premio Telmex/Tecate. He generally qualified higher than he finished, taking a season-high of second at the Champ Car Grand Prix of Portland.[63] Wilson finished 11th in the drivers' standings with 188 points,[63] and was second in the rookie of the year standings, after a season-long battle with A. J. Allmendinger.[64]

Wilson competing for RuSPORT at the 2005 Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach

After the season, Wilson declared his wish to remain in the CCWS for the 2005 season and enquired several teams about employment.[65] Car owner Carl Russo signed him to replace Michel Jourdain Jr. at the RuSPORT team in November 2004.[64][66] Wilson worked with driver coach Barry Waddell,[67] and cautioned his rivals he was ready to win races due to further car and driver development.[68] In the No. 9 Lola-Ford car, Wilson took a trio of fourth-place finishes in the first three rounds before earning his first series pole position at the Champ Car Grand Prix of Portland.[63] He then led for the final ten laps of the Molson Indy Toronto to claim his first series victory.[69] Wilson followed that victory with four more top-ten finishes,[63] and ended the season with a second career win at the Gran Premio Telmex/Tecate from pole position.[70] He amassed 265 points to finish third in the drivers' championship; his qualifying results improved with nine top fives.[63]

Wilson remained with RuSPORT for the 2006 season. Several pundits predicted he would challenge for the drivers' championship, and he said his objective was to be consistent and win two or three races.[71] He took four second-place finishes in the first five rounds.[63] At the season's sixth race, the Molson Grand Prix of Toronto, Wilson won his only pole position that year.[72] At the following West Edmonton Mall Grand Prix of Edmonton he qualified in third place and took his only victory of the season.[73] Wilson took a further three top-eight finishes.[63] He fractured the scaphoid bone in his right wrist in an accident in practice for the Lexmark Indy 300, requiring him to withdraw from the race; he was deemed fit by the Champ Car World Series medical delegate Chris Pinderski to enter the season-ending Gran Premio Telmex.[lower-alpha 3][74] He qualified on pole position,[75] and led until Sébastien Bourdais passed him on the final lap.[76] Wilson finished runner-up in the championship with 298 points,[63] and won that year's Greg Moore Legacy Award.[77]

Wilson during pre-season testing for the 2007 Champ Car season

The Newman/Haas, Forsythe and RuSPORT teams were interested in Wilson for the 2007 season.[78] He signed "a multi-year contact" with RuSPORT in January 2007.[79] Wilson was persuaded to remain there after his race engineer Todd Malloy left and limitations in the team's budget saw his assistant Mike Talbott promoted.[67] Driving the No. 9 Panoz DP01-Cosworth XFE he claimed eight top-ten finishes and two pole positions at the Champ Car Grand Prix of Portland and the San Jose Grand Prix at Redback Raceway within the first ten rounds.[63] Wilson led most of the Bavaria Champ Car Grand Prix for his solitary victory of the season.[80] He ended his CCWS career with consecutive top-ten finishes in the season's final two rounds and was runner-up in the drivers' championship with 281 points.[63] Wilson won the Greg Moore Legacy Award for the second year in a row.[77]

IndyCar Series (2008–2015)
Wilson practising for the 2008 Indianapolis 500

Late in the season RuSPORT announced it was closing and informed Wilson and his colleagues.[81] He was put on Newman/Haas' shortlist to replace the outgoing Sébastien Bourdais for the 2008 season, and was rumoured to be in contention to drive for Andretti Green Racing and did not want to move to the American Le Mans Series.[82] Wilson and Jonathan Palmer agreed terms to join Newman/Haas in the Champ Car World Series before it amalgamated with the IRL to form the IndyCar Series.[28][26] Wilson said his objective for the season was to perform to the best of his ability and acknowledged Newman/Haas would be disadvantaged against the established IndyCar teams on oval tracks noting: "We can only judge the competition when we get there, but we have to be realistic. I don't want to overestimate and I don't want to underestimate."[83]

While Wilson struggled during his rookie season driving the No. 2 Dallara-Honda car, he took pole position for the Toyota Grand Prix of Long Beach,[63] and rapidly established himself as a road course expert.[14] He qualified 16th for his first Indianapolis 500. Mid-race, Wilson had an accident due to a loss of control at the rear of his car, which left him 27th.[84] He was third at the Indy Edmonton and took his first series victory at the Detroit Indy Grand Prix three races later.[14] Wilson was 11th in the drivers' championship with 340 points,[63] and was second in the rookie of the year standings, behind Hideki Mutoh and ahead of Will Power.[85]

Wilson competing at the 2009 ABC Supply Company A.J. Foyt 225

Before the 2009 season Newman/Haas co-owner and actor Paul Newman died and the Great Recession cost the team much of its funding.[19][26] In January 2009 Wilson was released from the team after being informed they could not support two paid drivers without acquiring additional sponsorship.[lower-alpha 4][86] The funded Robert Doornbos replaced him.[87] He contacted Dale Coyne, the co-owner of the privately underfunded Dale Coyne Racing (DCR) team,[17][26] in February,[88] after a journalist told him DCR had employed engineer Bill Pappas.[89] Wilson visited their workshop for a seat fitting,[90] and became acquainted with Pappas.[88] He signed a contract to drive for DCR one month later.[63][91] At the season-opening Grand Prix of St. Petersburg, Wilson began from second and finished third.[91] He qualified 15th for the Indianapolis 500; late in the race, Wilson retired following a collision with a barrier after 160 laps, placing 23rd.[84] Wilson started second at the Grand Prix at the Glen and led for 49 out of 60 laps in DCR's first open-wheel victory and his second in the series.[92] With five more top-ten finishes over the course of the rest of the year, he was ninth in the points standings with 354.[63]

Wilson driving for Dreyer & Reinbold Racing at the 2010 São Paulo Indy 300

Wilson drove Dreyer & Reinbold Racing's No. 22 car in the 2010 season.[93] A disagreement over the length of his contract with DCR, the departure of key team personnel and a desire for another experience led him to assess driving elsewhere.[87][89] Wilson received a telephone call from Dreyer & Reinbold co-owners Robbie Buhl and Dennis Reinbold and visited their workshop in January 2010. He was impressed by what he observed and signed to the team soon after.[94] Wilson mentored his teammate Mike Conway on oval track racing and advised Dreyer & Reinbold on road courses.[95] In the first four races he finished second at the Grand Prix of St. Petersburg and the Grand Prix of Long Beach.[96] After qualifying 11th for the Indianapolis 500, Wilson led eleven laps and took seventh.[84] Four races later, he took his first IndyCar pole position for the Honda Indy Toronto.[97] The rest of Wilson's season was sub-par, with a best finish of sixth at the Indy Grand Prix of Sonoma. He was eleventh in the drivers' standings with 361 points.[63]

Although linked with the Andretti Autosport, KV Racing Technology and Panther Racing teams for the 2011 season,[87] Wilson stayed at Dreyer & Reinbold. An important factor in his decision was the progress he believed Dreyer & Reinbold had made in 2010.[98] Wilson sustained a minor fracture in his left wrist in an accident with Alex Tagliani at the season-opening Grand Prix of St. Petersburg and wore a carbon fibre brace.[99] He started the Indianapolis 500 from 19th position. Handling and balance difficulties left Wilson in 16th.[100] His best finish of the season was a fifth at Edmonton Indy.[63] During practice for the Honda Indy 200 an accident left him with a stable burst fracture of the T5 vertebrae in his back. Wilson was ruled unfit for three months and wore a back brace.[101] For the rest of the season, his substitutes were Simon Pagenaud at Mid-Ohio, Tomas Scheckter at New Hampshire Motor Speedway, Giorgio Pantano on the road and street courses and Townsend Bell in Kentucky and Las Vegas.[102] Wilson was 24th in the points standings with 183.[63]

Wilson competing for Dale Coyne Racing at the 2012 Chevrolet Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix

For the 2012 season, he returned to drive for DCR in its No. 18 Dallara DW12-Honda car. Wilson had two tenth-place finishes in the first four races. At the Indianapolis 500, he qualified in 21st and finished 7th.[63] At the Firestone 550 Wilson overtook Graham Rahal, who crashed with two laps to go, for his third career series victory and his first on an oval track.[lower-alpha 5][104] The rest of his season saw him claim a further two top-ten results in the final eight races. Wilson was 15th in the drivers' championship with 278 points.[63]

Wilson remained at DCR for the 2013 season after signing a long-term contract; he changed his car number to 19.[105] He began the year with three consecutive top-nine finishes.[63] Wilson qualified for the Indianapolis 500 in 14th and finished a career-high fifth.[lower-alpha 6][107] His performance for the rest of 2013 included three podium finishes—two third places at the first Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix and the Grand Prix of Houston, and a season-high second at the Indy Grand Prix of Sonoma.[63] At the season-ending IndyCar World Championships at the Auto Club Speedway, Wilson was involved in a high speed lateral impact with driver Tristan Vautier, sustaining a minor pulmonary contusion and three non-operable breakages to his pelvis. He was told to avoid bearing weight on his right leg before commencing rehabilitation.[108] Wilson finished the season a series-high sixth in the drivers' standings with 472 points.[63]

Wilson driving for Andretti Autosport during qualifying for the 2015 Indianapolis 500

DCR owner Dale Coyne took up an option to retain Wilson for the 2014 season after his recovery from injury and recommenced training.[109] Michael Cannon became his race engineer after Bill Pappas moved to Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing. Coyne promised Wilson better resources for him to continue taking top-ten finishes.[110] His first top ten-finish of 2014 was a sixth at the Indy Grand Prix of Alabama.[63] Wilson started 14th at the Indianapolis 500 finishing eight places lower and two laps down in 22nd after debris damaged his front wing late in the race.[111] One race later, Wilson had his season's best result of fourth at the Detroit Belle Isle Grand Prix. He took four top-ten finishes over the season's final 12 rounds. Wilson finished 15th in the drivers' standings with 395 points.[63]

He left DCR after the season ended because of their limited budget for a full-time campaign,[29] and sought employment with another team for the 2015 season, saying: "It’s one of those things, where I could find out tomorrow, or it could be in another month or two months."[112] Talks with Andretti Autosport owner Michael Andretti, who was interested in Wilson, about a full-time campaign ended in March 2015 over sponsorship issues.[48] That same month, Wilson signed a two-race contract to drive Andretti Autosport's No. 25 car in May's Grand Prix of Indianapolis and the Indianapolis 500.[113] He started his final Indianapolis 500 from sixth position. During the race a tyre vibration and a pit stop strategy error left him in 21st.[63][114] Afterwards, Wilson obtained sponsorship to drive the season's final five races for Andretti,[28] coming a year-high second in the Honda Indy 200 at Mid-Ohio,[63] in an aerodynamically inefficient car.[61]

Other racing ventures

Wilson made his sports car racing debut at the 2001 FIA GT Magny-Cours 500km, part of the FIA GT Championship. He shared the Coca-Cola Racing Team's No. 65 Porsche 911 GT3-RS with Tomáš Enge, finishing third in the N-GT category.[115][116] He joined fellow British drivers Ben Collins and Christian Vann in a Team Ascari-entered Ascari KZR-1 car in the LMP900 class at the 2002 12 Hours of Sebring (part of the American Le Mans Series), finishing sixth.[117] Two years later, he again entered the season-opening 12 Hours of Sebring, this time partnered by Milka Duno and Phil Andrews. Driving a Taurus Racing-fielded Lola B2K/10 they finished 9th in class and 22nd overall. In June, Wilson competed at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, with Tom Coronel and Ralph Firman in the No. 16 Racing for Holland Dome S101-Judd car, retiring after 313 laps with ignition failure.[116]

During the 2006 Rolex Sports Car Series, Wilson drove for Michael Shank Racing (MSR) in the Rolex Sports Car Series at the 24 Hours of Daytona with A. J. Allmendinger, Oswaldo Negri Jr. and Mark Patterson in their No. 60 Riley Mk.X1-Lexus car in the Daytona Prototype (DP) category. Their car completed 733 laps and finished second.[118] He entered the season-ending round of the 2007 Rolex Sports Car Series, the Sunchaser 1000, joining Negri and Patterson at MSR and coming tenth. He returned to MSR for the season-opening 2008 24 Hours of Daytona with Negri, Patterson and Graham Rahal, driving the Riley Mk.XX-Ford DP vehicle to a sixth-place finish after starting from pole position.[116]

The No. 60 Michael Shank Racing Riley Mk.XXVI-Ford that Wilson shared with A. J. Allmendinger, Oswaldo Negri Jr. and John Pew to win the 2012 24 Hours of Daytona outright.

In 2010, he entered the 24 Hours of Daytona for the third time, this time for Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates in the DP class. Paired with Max Papis, Scott Pruett and Memo Rojas, the No. 01 Riley Mk.XX-BMW car he finished second from a fifth-position start.[116] Wilson returned to MSR with Curb/Agajanian for the 2011 24 Hours of Daytona, partnering Allmendinger and Michael McDowell. Their No. 6 Dallara DP01-Ford car started eighth and finished seventh.[116] He won the 2012 24 Hours of Daytona with Allmendinger, Negri and John Pew at MSR, completing 761 laps in the No. 60 Riley-Ford DP car.[119] He joined Kelly Racing as Greg Murphy's international co-driver in its No. 51 Holden Commodore for the Gold Coast 600 double header round of the V8 Supercars Championship in October 2012.[120] Wilson visited the team's workshop to undergo a seat fitting to prepare for the round.[121] He and Murphy finished outside of the top ten in both races.[122]

Wilson entered the 24 Hours of Daytona alongside Allmendinger, Marcos Ambrose, Negri and Pew at MSR in 2013. The quintet finished third.[116] He partnered Gustavo Yacamán in MSR's No. 6 Riley-Ford car at the Six Hours at the Glen when regular driver Antônio Pizzonia had sponsorship problems,[123] finishing sixth.[116] With no date conflicts between the IndyCar Series and the Rolex Sports Car Series, Wilson entered the 2013 Rolex Sports Car Series' final four rounds to partner and mentor Yacamán.[124] The duo had a season-best second-place finish at Lime Rock.[116] At the 2014 24 Hours of Daytona (now part of the United SportsCar Championship), Wilson, Allmendinger, Negri and Pew were 12th in the prototype class and 47th overall due to a gearbox fault in the No. 60 Riley-Ford Ecoboost car.[116][125] He rejoined Negri and Pew at MSR for the following 12 Hours of Sebring,[125] finishing ninth.[116]

In 2015, Wilson replaced Matt McMurry as a co-driver to Negri and Pew in MSR's No. 60 Ligier JS P2-Honda car at the 12 Hours of Sebring,[126] where they came 42nd.[116] As Wilson waited for a new IndyCar Series contract, he was entered into the all-electric Formula E round in Moscow by Andretti Autosport in June.[2] He replaced Scott Speed, who had an X Games commitment.[127] Wilson finished 10th and scored 1 championship point for a 25th drivers standing finish.[128] A planned drive in a HPD ARX-04b at the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb in June was cancelled because turbocharger failures damaged the car's motors.[129]

Death
Main article: 2015 ABC Supply 500

On the 179th lap of the 2015 ABC Supply 500 at Pocono Raceway,[130] the race leader Sage Karam lost control of his car in the first turn after passing a bump in the tarmac surface. He crashed heavily with the front of his car against a wall to the right of the circuit.[131][132] The car's nose cone was removed with enough force that it ricocheted along the racing surface as other drivers manoeuvred past it.[133] James Jakes slowed faster than Wilson,[134] who turned right to avoid contact with his car. At the same time, the nose cone from Karam's car struck Wilson's helmet as he drove through the accident scene. Wilson was knocked unconscious and his car almost immediately veered left out of control towards the inside wall.[132][134] It left the track, hitting the left-hand side wall that was coupled with a SAFER barrier after the first turn and continued to slide before stopping.[132]

Pocono Raceway, where Wilson sustained a fatal accident from being struck by airborne debris from the car of Sage Karam.

Wilson was unresponsive when the track safety crew arrived at his vehicle and he had to be extricated from it.[130] A medivac helicopter was called for and transported Wilson to Lehigh Valley Hospital in nearby Allentown, Pennsylvania. He was reported to be in a coma with a severe head injury and listed in a critical condition.[135] Wilson was declared dead from his injuries at 17:37 local time on 24 August.[136] The Indianapolis Motor Speedway president J. Douglas Boles and the CEO of the Hulman & Company Mark Miles made the news public at 21:00 that same day.[137] He was the first driver to die from injuries sustained in a racing accident in IndyCar since Dan Wheldon was killed during the 2011 IZOD IndyCar World Championships at Las Vegas Motor Speedway. An autopsy conducted by Andrew Kehm, the Chief Deputy Coroner of the Lehigh County Coroner's Office, on 26 August determined Wilson died of a blunt force trauma to his head.[136] On 10 September, he was given a funeral service at St James The Great Church in Paulerspury, Northamptonshire, England attended by about 500 mourners, which included members of the motor racing community. Wilson was subsequently cremated, and a wake was held for him at Silverstone Circuit.[138]

An inquest into his death was held at Northampton General Hospital on the morning of 9 March 2016.[lower-alpha 7][140] The coroner concluded his death was "accidental".[141] A statement from Wilson's father was read, which described the crash as a "freak accident" and stated:

"The car leading the race crashed and was driving at over 200 mph (320 km/h). The driver was unhurt but debris from his car flew high into the air and a large, heavy piece hit Justin on the head as he approached the scene of the accident. Justin was unconscious, he was extracted from the car and rushed to hospital. He underwent surgery and was kept on a life support machine until the following day. The decision was then taken to switch off the machine and Justin was pronounced deceased."[141]

Personality and legacy

David Tremayne of The Independent described Wilson as an "easy-going and humble" individual who was able to build a rapport with others.[77] According to Alasdair Steven of The Herald: "his cheerful, quietly modest manner, and genuine enthusiasm" made him popular with fans of motor racing.[7] A leader of the IndyCar safety and promotional association alongside Dario Franchitti and Tony Kanaan,[142] Wilson increased his lobbying for improved safety after the death of Dan Wheldon in 2011.[19] He aspired to have retention walls altered to better deal with airborne crashes,[19] and wrote an online article arguing for the shifting of trackside grandstands to inside racing circuits as a means of shielding spectators from debris.[29]

Nicknamed "Bad Ass" by his driving instructor colleagues at PalmerSport in 1999,[19][143] for being "as fearsome a competitor you could ever find",[144] Wilson was friendly,[77] shy,[19][144] endearing,[28] soft-spoken and highly analytical.[145] His technical shrewdness provided teams with extensive performance alterations to improve a race car.[145] According to Racer's Mark Glendenning this made him a driver who "commanded universal respect" from fellow competitors.[29] For DailySportsCar editor Graham Goodwin it created an image of Wilson as "a very rare breed indeed, a man in the modern age who had competed at the highest level in multiple motorsport disciplines", and a driver who "had the cutting edge".[146] Wilson was fast-witted and used this in his humour.[144]

After Wilson's death, his brother Stefan said on social media his sibling had saved the lives of six people through the donation of his organs.[147] On 27 August IndyCar drivers Marco Andretti, James Hinchcliffe, Josef Newgarden, Will Power and Graham Rahal converted what had been a previously planned promotion for the season-ending Grand Prix of Sonoma at Sonoma Raceway by driving their cars across the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco into a tribute for Wilson. Andretti drove Wilson's No. 25 car.[148] Honda and Andretti Autosport employed Wilson's close friend and fellow driver Oriol Servià to drive his car in Sonoma.[149]

NASCAR Xfinity Series driver Joey Gase ran with Wilson's image at the rear of his car to promote awareness of organ donation.

Joey Gase, a NASCAR Xfinity Series driver, carried a photograph of Wilson on the rear of his No. 52 car to promote awareness of organ donation.[150] A. J. Allmendinger had his former teammate Wilson's name above the window of his vehicle for the final 12 rounds of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series.[151] At the 2016 Indianapolis 500, Stefan drove a No. 25 car entered by KV Racing Technology in honour of his elder sibling.[152] The name of a hairpin turn on the Snetterton Circuit's 300 layout was changed from Montreal Corner to Wilson Corner by the track's owners MotorSport Vision in July 2016; a board at the corner features the design of Wilson's multi-coloured rainbow racing helmet and his surname.[153]

The Wilson Children's Fund was launched with the support of his widow Julia to ensure their two daughters would be financially secure in the long-term after his death.[154] Contributions are raised through the auctioning of motor racing memorabilia on the internet and by public donations.[155]

Motorsports career results

Complete International Formula 3000 results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap; small number denotes finishing position)

Year Entrant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 DC Points
1999 Team Astromega IMO
6		 MON
Ret		 CAT
6		 MAG
10		 SIL
Ret		 A1R
Ret		 HOC
Ret		 HUN
7		 SPA
Ret		 NÜR
Ret		 20th 2
2000 Nordic Racing IMO
8		 SIL
3		 CAT
5		 NÜR
Ret		 MON
7		 MAG
9		 A1R
2		 HOC
Ret		 HUN
5		 SPA
5		 5th 16
2001 Coca-Cola Nordic Racing INT
1		 IMO
6		 CAT
3		 A1R
1		 MON
2		 NÜR
Ret		 MAG
2		 SIL
2		 HOC
2		 HUN
1		 SPA
2		 MNZ
2		 1st 71
Source:[156]

Complete American Le Mans Series results
Year Entrant Class Chassis Engine Tyres 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Rank Points
2002 Team Ascari LMP900 Ascari KZR-1 Judd GV4 4.0L V10 G SEB
ovr:6
cls:6		 SON MID AME WAS TRO MOS MON MIA PET 39th 19
2004 Taurus Racing LMP1 Lola B2K/10 Judd GV4 4.0L V10 D SEB
ovr:22
cls:9
 MID LIM SON POR MOS AME PET MON 27th 8
Source:[116]

Complete Formula One results

(key)

Year Entrant Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 WDC Points
2003 European Minardi Cosworth Minardi PS03 Cosworth V10 AUS
Ret		 MAL
Ret		 BRA
Ret		 SMR
Ret		 ESP
11		 AUT
13		 MON
Ret		 CAN
Ret		 EUR
13		 FRA
14		 GBR
16		 20th 1
Jaguar Racing Jaguar R4 Cosworth V10 GER
Ret		 HUN
Ret		 ITA
Ret		 USA
8		 JPN
13
Source:[53]

Complete American open-wheel racing results

(key)

Champ Car World Series
Year Team Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Rank Points
2004 Conquest Racing Lola B02/00 Ford XFE V8t LBH
6		 MTY
6		 POR
5		 CLE
18		 TOR
12		 VAN
14		 ROA
7		 DEN
7		 MTL
14		 LS
18		 LVG
8		 SRF
8		 MXC
4		 11th 188
Reynard 02i MIL
11
2005 RuSPORT Lola B02/00 Ford XFE V8t LBH
4		 MTY
4		 MIL
4		 POR
17		 CLE
7		 TOR
1		 EDM
4		 SJO
4		 DEN
17		 MTL
3		 LVG
11		 SRF
7		 MXC
1		 3rd 265
2006 RuSPORT Lola B02/00 Ford XFE V8t LBH
2		 HOU
5		 MTY
2		 MIL
2		 POR
2		 CLE
13		 TOR
4		 EDM
1		 SJO
3		 DEN
8		 MTL
14		 ROA
5		 SRF
Wth		 MXC
2		 2nd 298
2007 RSPORTS Panoz DP01 Cosworth XFE V8t LVG
14		 LBH
4		 HOU
10		 POR
2		 CLE
4		 MTT
5		 TOR
3		 EDM
2		 SJO
13		 ROA
8		 2nd 281
RuSPORT ZOL
5		 ASN
1		 SRF
2		 MXC
10
Source:[63]
Years Teams Races Poles Wins Podiums
(non-win)		 Top 10s
(non-podium)		 Championships
4 3 54 6 4 11 25 0

IndyCar Series
Year Team Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Rank Points
2008 Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing Dallara Honda HMS
15		 STP
9		 MOT1 KAN
9		 INDY
27		 MIL
7		 TXS
27		 IOW
12		 RIR
7		 WGL
25		 NSH
18		 MDO
11		 EDM
3		 KTY
19		 SNM
9		 DET
1		 CHI
11		 SRF2
12		 11th 340
Panoz Cosworth LBH1
19
2009 Dale Coyne Racing Dallara Honda STP
3		 LBH
22		 KAN
14		 INDY
23		 MIL
15		 TXS
15		 IOW
18		 RIR
14		 WGL
1		 TOR
5		 EDM
8		 KTY
21		 MDO
13		 SNM
7		 CHI
10		 MOT
12		 HMS
10		 9th 354
2010 Dreyer & Reinbold Racing SAO
11		 STP
2		 ALA
7		 LBH
2		 KAN
18		 INDY
7		 TXS
19		 IOW
24		 WGL
10		 TOR
7*		 EDM
21		 MDO
27		 SNM
6		 CHI
7		 KTY
11		 MOT
16		 HMS
21		 11th 361
2011 STP
10		 ALA
19		 LBH
22		 SAO
7		 INDY
16		 TXS
17		 TXS
21		 MIL
10		 IOW
12		 TOR
15		 EDM
5		 MDO
Wth		 NHM
Inj		 SNM
Inj		 BAL
Inj		 MOT
Inj		 KTY
Inj		 LVS
C		 24th 183
2012 Dale Coyne Racing Dallara DW12 STP
10		 ALA
19		 LBH
10		 SAO
22		 INDY
7		 DET
22		 TXS
1		 MIL
23		 IOW
10		 TOR
21		 EDM
9		 MDO
18		 SNM
11		 BAL
17		 FON
23		 15th 278
2013 STP
9		 ALA
8		 LBH
3		 SAO
20		 INDY
5		 DET
3		 DET
22		 TXS
15		 MIL
9		 IOW
11		 POC
7		 TOR
11		 TOR
8		 MDO
8		 SNM
2		 BAL
4		 HOU
3		 HOU
4		 FON
18		 6th 472
2014 STP
8		 LBH
16		 ALA
6		 IMS
11		 INDY
22		 DET
4		 DET
12		 TXS
21		 HOU
10		 HOU
12		 POC
14		 IOW
13		 TOR
10		 TOR
10		 MDO
15		 MIL
17		 SNM
9		 FON
13		 15th 395
2015 Andretti Autosport STP NLA LBH ALA IMS
24		 INDY
21		 DET DET TXS TOR FON MIL
18		 IOW
17		 MDO
2		 POC
15		 SNM 24th 108
Source:[63]
1 Run on same day.
2 Non-points-paying, exhibition race.
Years Teams Races Poles Wins Podiums
(non-win)		 Top 10s
(non-podium)		 Indianapolis 500
wins		 Championships
8 4 120 2 3 9 41 0 0
Source:[63]

Indianapolis 500
Year Chassis Engine Start Finish Team
2008 Dallara Honda 16 27 Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing
2009 Dallara Honda 15 23 Dale Coyne Racing
2010 Dallara Honda 11 7 Dreyer & Reinbold Racing
2011 Dallara Honda 19 16 Dreyer & Reinbold Racing
2012 Dallara Honda 21 7 Dale Coyne Racing
2013 Dallara Honda 14 5 Dale Coyne Racing
2014 Dallara Honda 14 22 Dale Coyne Racing
2015 Dallara Honda 6 21 Andretti Autosport
Source:[63]

Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results
Year Team Co-drivers Car Class Laps Pos Class pos
2004 Racing for Holland Tom Coronel
Ralph Firman		 Dome S101-Judd LMP1 313 DNF DNF
Source:[116]

Complete WeatherTech SportsCar Championship
Year Team Class Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rank Points
2014 Michael Shank Racing P Ford EcoBoost Riley DP Ford EcoBoost 3.5 L V6 Turbo DAY
12		 SIR
9		 LBH
 LGA
 DET
 WGL
 MSP
 IND
 ELK
 COA
 PET
 40th 43
2015 Michael Shank Racing w/ Curb/Agajanian P Ligier JS P2 Honda HR28TT 2.8 L V6 Turbo DAY SEB
13		 LBH
 LGA
 DET
 WGL
 MOS
 ELK
 COA
 PET
 33rd 19
Source:[116]

Complete 24 Hours of Daytona results
Year Team Co-drivers Car Class Laps Pos Class pos
2006 Michael Shank Racing A. J. Allmendinger
Oswaldo Negri Jr.
Mark Patterson		 Riley Mk.XI-Lexus DP 733 2 2
2008 Michael Shank Racing Oswaldo Negri Jr.
Mark Patterson
Graham Rahal		 Riley Mk.XI-Ford DP 680 6 6
2010 Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates Max Papis
Scott Pruett
Memo Rojas		 Riley Mk.XI-BMW DP 755 2 2
2011 Michael Shank Racing with Curb/Agajanian A. J. Allmendinger
Michael McDowell		 Dallara Ford DP 719 7 7
2012 Michael Shank Racing with Curb/Agajanian A. J. Allmendinger
Oswaldo Negri Jr.
John Pew		 Riley Mk.XXVI-Ford DP 761 1 1
2013 Michael Shank Racing A. J. Allmendinger
Marcos Ambrose
Oswaldo Negri Jr.
John Pew		 Riley Mk.XXVI-Ford DP 709 3 3
2014 Michael Shank Racing with Curb/Agajanian A. J. Allmendinger
Oswaldo Negri Jr.
John Pew		 Riley Mk.XXVI-Ford EcoBoost P 599 47 12
Source:[116]

Complete Formula E results
Year Team Car 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Pos Points
2014–15 Andretti Autosport Spark-Renault SRT 01E BEI PUT PDE BNA MIA LBH MCO BER MSC
10		 LON LON 25th 1
Source:[128]

Notes
  1. Murray Walker, the motor racing commentator, promoted the investment and bought shares in it.[7]
  2. Wilson's seat at Minardi was filled by the International Formula 3000 driver Nicolas Kiesa.[49]
  3. Adam Carroll, a GP2 Series racer, was shortlisted to replace Wilson if he had been ruled unfit for participation.[74]
  4. Wilson's sponsors were transferred to his teammate Graham Rahal.[86]
  5. Wilson's car failed a post-race inspection because an illegal aerodynamic modification to its sidepod was discovered; he was fined $7,500 and the victory was upheld.[103]
  6. Wilson's fifth-position finish at the 2013 Indianapolis 500 earned him the Earl Howe Trophy as "the highest placed British driver in the Indianapolis 500 race or to the British driver who has established the most meritorious performance of the year in North America."[106]
  7. As of 2019, the full report into Wilson's death compiled by the IndyCar Series has not been released to the public.[139]
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Sporting positions
Preceded by
Inaugural		 Formula Palmer Audi
Champion
1998		 Succeeded by
Richard Tarling
Preceded by
Bruno Junqueira		 International Formula 3000
Champion
2001		 Succeeded by
Sébastien Bourdais
Preceded by
Dan Wheldon		 Fatalities in Champ Car/IndyCar
2015		 Succeeded by
None
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