1923
1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1923rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 923rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1920s decade. As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches after Greece adopted the Gregorian calendar.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| 1923 by topic |
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| By country |
| Lists of leaders |
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| Birth and death categories |
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| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
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| Works category |
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| Gregorian calendar | 1923 MCMXXIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2676 |
| Armenian calendar | 1372 ԹՎ ՌՅՀԲ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6673 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 79–80 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1844–1845 |
| Bengali calendar | 1330 |
| Berber calendar | 2873 |
| British Regnal year | 13 Geo. 5 – 14 Geo. 5 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2467 |
| Burmese calendar | 1285 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7431–7432 |
| Chinese calendar | 壬戌年 (Water Dog) 4619 or 4559 — to — 癸亥年 (Water Pig) 4620 or 4560 |
| Coptic calendar | 1639–1640 |
| Discordian calendar | 3089 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1915–1916 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5683–5684 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1979–1980 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1844–1845 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5023–5024 |
| Holocene calendar | 11923 |
| Igbo calendar | 923–924 |
| Iranian calendar | 1301–1302 |
| Islamic calendar | 1341–1342 |
| Japanese calendar | Taishō 12 (大正１２年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1853–1854 |
| Juche calendar | 12 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4256 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 12 民國12年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 455 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2465–2466 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳水狗年 (male Water-Dog) 2049 or 1668 or 896 — to — 阴水猪年 (female Water-Pig) 2050 or 1669 or 897 |
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Events
January
- January 1 – The Grouping: All major British railway companies are grouped into four larger companies, under terms of the Railways Act 1921.
- January 1–7 – Rosewood massacre: In a violent, racially motivated attack, at least 8 people are killed, and the town of Rosewood, Florida is abandoned and destroyed.
- January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt, to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory).
- January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, to force Germany to make reparations payments.
- January 17 – Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor.
- January 18 – Elon College's campus in North Carolina is destroyed by a fire.
- January 31 - The first rotorcraft flight of the Cierva C.4 takes place.
February
- February 5 – Australian cricketer Bill Ponsford makes 429 runs to break the world record for the highest first-class cricket score for the first time in his third match at this level, at Melbourne Cricket Ground, giving the Victoria cricket team an innings total of 1,059.
- February 8 – Norman Albert calls the first live broadcast of an ice hockey game, the third period of an Ontario Hockey League Intermediate playoff game, on Toronto radio station CFCA.[1][2]
- February 9 – Billy Hughes, having resigned as Prime Minister of Australia, after the Country Party refuses to govern in coalition with him as the leader of the Nationalist Party, is succeeded by Stanley Bruce. A Liberal–National Coalition will persist in the politics of Australia for at least 95 years.
- February 23
- The American Law Institute is incorporated in the United States.
- Albert Einstein visits Barcelona, Spain, at the invitation of scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa.
March
- March 1
- The USS Connecticut is decommissioned.
- Eskom, the largest electricity producer in Africa, is established in South Africa.
- Greece adopts the Gregorian calendar.
- March 3 – Cover date of the first issue of Time Magazine. Retired U.S. Speaker of the House Joseph G. Cannon appears on the first cover.
- March 6 – The Egyptian Feminist Union (Arabic: الاتحاد النسائي المصري), the first nationwide feminist movement in Egypt, is founded at the home of activist Huda Sha'arawi.[3][4][5]
- March 9 – Vladimir Lenin suffers his third stroke, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires from his position as Chairman of the Soviet government.
- March 14 – Pete Parker calls the play-by-play of the first ice hockey game ever broadcast on the radio in its entirety, between the Regina Capitals and the Edmonton Eskimos of the Western Canada Hockey League.[6]
- March 17 – A flag carrier of Russia and former Soviet Union, Aeroflot was founded.
- March 28 – Regia Aeronautica, the air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.
April
- April 1 – Safety Last!, a silent romantic comedy film starring Harold Lloyd, is released.
- April 4 – Warner Bros. Film Studio is formally incorporated in the United States, as Warner Brothers Pictures, Inc.
- April 6
- Louis Armstrong makes his first recording, "Chimes Blues", with King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band.
- The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed, in Victoria Institution, Federated Malay States.
- April 12 – The Kandersteg International Scout Centre comes into existence in Switzerland.
- April 18
- Yankee Stadium opens its doors, as the home park of the New York Yankees baseball team, in The Bronx.
- Russian professional sports society club, Dynamo Moscow, is founded.[7]
- April 19
- Hjalmar Branting leaves office as Prime Minister of Sweden, after the Swedish Riksdag has rejected a government proposal regarding unemployment benefits. Right-wing academic and jurist Ernst Trygger succeeds him.
- The Egyptian Constitution of 1923 is adopted, introducing a parliamentary system of democracy in the country.[8]
- April 23 – The Gdynia seaport is inaugurated, on the Polish Corridor.
- April 26 – Prince Albert, Duke of York (later George VI, King of the United Kingdom) marries Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon (later Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother) in Westminster Abbey.
- April 28 – The original Wembley Stadium opens its doors for the first time to the British public, staging the FA Cup Final between Bolton Wanderers and West Ham United.
May
- May 1 – Rahula College is established in Ceylon, with the name of "Parakramabhahu Vidyalaya".
- May 8 – The Liseberg amusement park opens in Gothenburg, Sweden.
- May 9
- Southeastern Michigan receives a record 15 centimetres (5.9 in) of snow, after temperatures plummeted from 17 to 1 degrees between 1 and 6 pm on the previous day.[9]
- The premiere of Bertolt Brecht's play In the Jungle (Im Dickicht), at the Residenztheater in Munich, is interrupted by Nazi demonstrators.
- May 20 – British Prime Minister Bonar Law resigns, due to ill health.
- May 23
- Stanley Baldwin is appointed British Prime Minister.
- Belgium's Sabena Airlines is created.
- May 24 – The Irish Civil War ends.
- May 26 – The first 24 Hours of Le Mans motor race is held, and is won by André Lagache and René Léonard.
- May 27 – The Ku Klux Klan in the United States defies a law requiring publication of its members.
June
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June 9: Aleksandar Stamboliyski
- June 9 – A military coup in Bulgaria ousts prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski (he is killed June 14).
- June 12 – William Walton's Façade is performed for the first time, in London.
- June 13 – President Li Yuanhong of China abandons his residence, because a warlord has commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off its water and electric supplies, in order to force him to abandon his post.
- June 16 – The storming of Ayan, Siberia concludes the Yakut Revolt and the Russian Civil War.
- June 18 – Mount Etna erupts in Italy, making 60,000 homeless.
- June 25 – FC Rapid București is formed, on the initiative of the Grivița railroad workers (first named CFR București).
July
- July 10 – Large hailstones kill 23 in Rostov, Soviet Union.
- July 13
- The Hollywood Sign is inaugurated in California (originally reading Hollywoodland).
- American explorer Roy Chapman Andrews discovers the first dinosaur eggs near Flaming Cliffs, Mongolia.
- July 20 – Pancho Villa is assassinated at Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua.
- July 24 – The Treaty of Lausanne (1923), settling the boundaries of the modern Republic of Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War, bringing an end to the Ottoman Empire after 624 years.
- Undated – Hyperinflation in Germany has seen the number of marks needed to purchase a single American dollar reach 353,000 – more than 200 times the amount needed at the start of the year.
August
- August 2 – President Warren G. Harding dies of a heart attack, and is succeeded by Vice President Calvin Coolidge, who becomes the 30th President of the United States.
- August 3 – President Calvin Coolidge is sworn in.
- August 13
- The first major seagoing ship arrives at Gdynia, the newly constructed Polish seaport.
- Gustav Stresemann is named Chancellor of Germany, and founds a coalition government for the Weimar Republic, where hyperinflation means that more than 4,600,000 marks are now needed to buy a single American dollar.
- August 18 – The first British Track & Field championships for women are held in London.
- August 21 – Mexican Association football Club Necaxa is founded by engineer William H. Frasser.
- August 30 – Hurricane season begins, with a tropical storm northeast of the Turks and Caicos Islands.
- August 31 – The Italian navy occupies Corfu, in retaliation for the murder of an Italian officer. The League of Nations protests, and the occupation ends on September 30.
September
- September 1 – The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing an estimated 142,807 people (but according to a Japanese construction research center report in 2008, 105,000 are confirmed dead).
- September 4 – The United States Navy's first home-built rigid airship USS Shenandoah (ZR-1) makes her first flight at Naval Air Station Lakehurst (New Jersey); she contains most of the world's extracted reserves of helium at this time.[10]
- September 7 – At the International Police Conference in Vienna, the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), better known as Interpol, is set up.
- September 8 – Honda Point disaster: Nine United States Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast.
- September 9 – Turkish head of state Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founds the Republican People's Party (CHP).
- September 10 – The Irish Free State joins the League of Nations.
- September 13 – Military coup in Spain: Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship. Trade unions are prohibited for 10 years.
- September 17 – 1923 Berkeley Fire: A major fire in Berkeley, California, erupts, consuming some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
- September 18–26 – Newspaper printers strike in New York City.
- September 24 – Atlantic hurricane season: The second major hurricane strikes north of Hispaniola.
- September 26 – In Bavaria, Gustav Ritter von Kahr takes dictatorial powers.
- September 29 – The first American Track & Field championships for women are held in New Jersey.
- September 29 – The British Mandate for Palestine (1922) comes into effect, officially creating the protectorates of Palestine, as a homeland for the Jewish people under British administration, and Transjordan as a separate emirate, under Abdullah I.[11] The French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon also takes effect.
- September 30 – Küstrin Putsch: Outside Berlin, Major Ernst von Buchrucker, the leader of the Black Reichswehr, attempts a putsch by seizing several forts.
October
- October 1 – The Johor–Singapore Causeway opens to public traffic.
- October 2 – Küstrin Putsch: After two days of siege, Major Buchrucker and his men surrender.
- October 6 – The Occupation of Constantinople ends, when the great powers of World War I withdraw.
- October 13
- Ankara replaces Istanbul (Constantinople), as the capital of Turkey.
- The first recorded example, of a storm crossing from the Eastern Pacific into the Atlantic, occurs in Oaxaca.
- October 14 – The fourth tropical storm of the year forms just north of Panama.
- October 15 – The fifth tropical storm of the year forms north of the Leeward Islands.
- October 16
- A sixth tropical storm develops in the Gulf of Mexico; a rare occurrence, it consists of four active tropical storms simultaneously.
- Roy and Walt Disney found The Walt Disney Company.
- October 23 – Hamburg Uprising: In Germany, the Communists attempt a "putsch" in Hamburg, which results in street battles in that city for the next two days, when it ends unsuccessfully.
- October 27 – In Germany, General Hans von Seeckt orders the Reichswehr to dissolve the Social Democratic-Communist government of Saxony, which is refusing to accept the authority of the Reich government.
- October 28 – In Qajar Dynasty Persia, Reza Khan becomes Ahmad Shah Qajar's prime minister.
- October 29 – Turkey becomes a republic, following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire; Kemal Atatürk is elected as first president.
- October 30 – İsmet İnönü is appointed as the first prime minister of Turkey.
November
- November 1
- The Finnish flag carrier airline Finnair is started, as Aero oy.
- The 1923 Victorian Police strike begins in Australia, with half of the Victoria Police force standing down over the use of labor spies. Rioting and looting take place in Melbourne city centre.[12]
- November 8 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day.
- November 11 – Adolf Hitler is arrested for his leading role in the Beer Hall Putsch, two days after the Putsch was crushed by the government; 20 people die as a result of the associated violence.
- November 12 – Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie, in Wellington Barracks, London.
- November 15 – Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic: Hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Papiermark[13] (4.2 trillion on the short scale). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency and replaces it with the Rentenmark, at an exchange rate of one Rentenmark to 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion on the short scale) Papiermark (effective November 20).
- November 23
- Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses in Germany.
- Persis Solo association football is founded as Vorstenlandsche Voetbal Bond in the Dutch East Indies (Now Indonesia).
December
- December 1 – In Italy, the Gleno Dam on the Gleno River, in the Valle di Scalve in the northern province of Bergamo bursts, killing at least 356 people.
- December 6 – 1923 United Kingdom general election: The governing Conservatives under Stanley Baldwin are reduced to a minority status, with the Labour party gaining second party status.
- December 10 – Sigma Alpha Kappa (the first social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the United States) is founded as a fraternal organization, until the ban on social fraternities is lifted.
- December 20 – BEGGARS Fraternity (the second social fraternity at a Jesuit college in the United States) is founded by nine men, who have secured permission to do so from the Pope.
- December 21 – The Nepal–Britain Treaty is the first to define the international status of Nepal, as an independent sovereign country.
- December 27 – The crown prince of Japan survives an assassination attempt in Tokyo.
- December 29 – Vladimir K. Zworykin files his first patent (in the United States) for "television systems".
Date unknown
- Struggling for a foothold in southern China, Sun Yat-sen decides to ally his Nationalist Kuomintang party with the Comintern, and the Communist Party of China.
- The Moderation League of New York becomes part of the movement for the repeal of Prohibition in the United States.
- Pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk is founded in Denmark.
- Marcel Duchamp's artwork The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even (La mariée mise à nu par ses célibataires, même or The Large Glass) is completed in the United States.
- Rainbow trout is introduced into the upper Firehole River, in Yellowstone National Park, United States.
Births
| Births |
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| January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December |
January
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Sante Spessotto
- January 1
- Domenico Tripodo, Italian criminal (d. 1976)
- Valentina Cortese, Italian actress (d. 2019)
- Vulo Radev, Bulgarian film director (d. 2001)
- Wahiduddin Ahmed, Bangladeshi academic (d. 2018)
- Roméo Sabourin, Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944)
- January 2
- Abdel Aziz Mohamed Hegazy, 38th Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2014)
- Rachel Waterhouse, English historian and author
- January 3
- Hank Stram, American football coach, broadcaster (d. 2005)
- Renato Guatelli, Italian partisan (d. 1944)
- January 4
- Ricardo C. Puno, Filipino lawyer and politician (d. 2018)
- Wilfred Waters, English Olympic cyclist (d. 2006)
- January 5
- Sam Phillips, American record producer (d. 2003)
- Nat Neujean, Belgian sculptor (d. 2018)
- January 6
- Norman Kirk, 29th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1974)
- Jacobo Timerman, Argentine writer (d. 1999)
- Leah Chase, African-American chef, author and television personality (d. 2019)
- January 7
- Hugh Kenner, Canadian literary critic (d. 2003)
- Jean Lucienbonnet, French racing driver (d. 1962)
- January 8
- Larry Storch, American actor
- Johnny Wardle, English cricketer (d. 1985)
- January 11
- Wright King, American actor (d. 2018)
- Paavo Lonkila, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (d. 2017)
- Ernst Nolte, German historian (d. 2016)
- January 12
- Ira Hayes, U.S. Marine flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1955)
- Sune Wehlin, Swedish pentathlete
- January 15 – Lee Teng-hui, Taiwanese politician, 4th President of the Republic of China (d. 2020)
- January 16
- Anthony Hecht, American poet (d. 2004)
- Walther Wever, German fighter ace (d. 1945)
- Antonio Riboldi, Italian Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2017)
- January 18 – Jan Ruff O'Herne, Dutch-Australian human rights activist (d. 2019)
- January 19 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (All In the Family) (d. 2013)
- January 20
- Slim Whitman, American country western musician (d. 2013)
- Nora Brockstedt, Norwegian singer (d. 2015)
- January 21 – Prince Andrew Romanov, Russian-American artist and author
- January 22 – Diana Douglas, British-born American actress, mother of actor/producer Michael Douglas (d. 2015)
- January 23
- Cot Deal, American major league baseball player, coach (d. 2013)
- Horace Ashenfelter, American athlete (d. 2018)
- Silvano Campeggi, Italian film poster designer (d. 2018)
- January 24 – Geneviève Asse, French painter
- January 25
- Arvid Carlsson, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2018)
- Rusty Draper, American singer (d. 2003)
- Dirk Bernard Joseph Schouten, Dutch economist (d. 2018)
- January 26 – Anne Jeffreys, American actress, singer (d. 2017)
- January 27 – Enrico Braggiotti, Monegasque banker (d. 2019)
- January 28
- Erling Lorentzen, Norwegian shipowner and industrialist
- Sante Spessotto, Italian Roman Catholic priest and saint (d. 1980)
- January 29
- Khir Johari, Malaysian politician (d. 2006)
- Jack Burke Jr., American golfer
- Paddy Chayefsky, American writer (d. 1981)
- January 31 – Norman Mailer, American writer, journalist (d. 2007)
February
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- February 1
- Stig Mårtensson, Swedish racing cyclist (d. 2010)
- Gena Turgel, Polish author, Holocaust survivor and educator (d. 2018)
- February 2
- James Dickey, American poet, author (Deliverance) (d. 1997)
- Red Schoendienst, American baseball player (d. 2018)
- Liz Smith, American gossip columnist (d. 2017)
- Clem Windsor, Australian rugby union player, surgeon (d. 2007)
- February 3 – Edith Barney, American female professional baseball player (d. 2010)
- February 4
- Conrad Bain, Canadian-American actor (d. 2013)
- Bonar Bain, Canadian actor (d. 2005)
- Belisario Betancur, Colombian politician, 26th President of Colombia (d. 2018)
- February 5
- Dora Bryan, English actress (d. 2014)
- Fatmawati, 1st First Lady of Indonesia (d. 1980)
- Claude King, American country music singer and songwriter (d. 2013)
- February 6
- Gyula Lóránt, Hungarian footballer and manager (d. 1981)
- Georges Pouliot, Canadian fencer (d. 2019)
- February 7 – George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, first grandchild of King George V (d. 2011)
- February 8 – Urpo Korhonen, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (d. 2009)
- February 9 – Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964)
- February 10
- Allie Sherman, American professional football coach (d. 2015)
- Cesare Siepi, Italian opera singer (d. 2010)
- February 11
- Rosita Fornés, Cuban-American actress (d. 2020)
- Pamela Sharples, Baroness Sharples, English politician
- February 12 – Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film, opera director (d. 2019)
- February 13
- Yfrah Neaman, Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003)
- Chuck Yeager, American test pilot, NASA official
- February 16 – Samuel Willenberg, Polish-born Israeli sculptor, painter and last surviving member of the Treblinka extermination camp revolt (d. 2016)
- February 17 – Jun Fukuda, Japanese film director (d. 2000)
- February 18 – Allan Melvin, American actor (d. 2008)
- February 20
- Forbes Burnham, Guyanese politician, 1st Prime Minister of Guyana and 2nd President of Guyana (d. 1985)
- Robert Lucy, Swiss gymnast (d. 2009)
- Victor Atiyeh, American politician (d. 2014)
- February 21
- Wilbur R. Ingalls, Jr., American architect (d. 1997)
- William Winter, American politician
- February 22 – Norman Smith, English singer, record producer (d. 2008)
- February 23
- Mary Francis Shura, American writer (d. 1991)
- Ioannis Grivas, Greek judge, politician and 176th Prime Minister of Greece (d. 2016)
- John van Hengel, American "Father of Food Banking" (d. 2005)
- February 24 – David Soyer, American cellist (d. 2010)
- February 25 – Harry Leslie Smith, English writer and political commentator (d. 2018)
- February 27 – Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player, actor (d. 1990)
- February 28
- Jean Carson, American actress (d. 2005)
- Charles Durning, American actor (d. 2012)
March
- March 2
- Harriet Frank Jr., American film writer and producer (d. 2020)
- Orrin Keepnews, American record producer (d. 2015)
- Robert H. Michel, American Republican Party politician (d. 2017)
- March 3 – Doc Watson, American folk guitarist, songwriter (d. 2012)
- March 4
- Russell Freeburg, American journalist and author
- Piero D'Inzeo, Italian Olympic show jumping rider (d. 2014)
- Sir Patrick Moore, British astronomer, broadcaster (d. 2012)
- March 6
- Ed McMahon, American television personality (d. 2009)
- Wes Montgomery, African-American jazz musician (d. 1968)
- March 7
- Mahlon Clark, American musician (d. 2007)
- Thomas Keating, American monk (d. 2018)
- March 8 – Louk Hulsman, Dutch criminologist (d. 2009)
- March 9
- William Lyon, American major general (d. 2020)
- James L. Buckley, American politician, United States Senator (1971–77)
- Walter Kohn, Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (d. 2016)
- March 10 – Val Logsdon Fitch, American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2015)
- March 11
- Paul Muller, Swiss actor
- Agatha Barbara, Maltese politician (d. 2002)
- March 12
- Hjalmar Andersen, Norwegian speed-skater (d. 2013)
- Wally Schirra, American astronaut (d. 2007)
- Mae Young, American wrestler (d. 2014)
- March 14
- Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)
- Joe M. Jackson, American Medal of Honour recipient (d. 2019)
- Celeste Rodrigues, Portuguese singer (d. 2018)
- March 15
- Willy Semmelrogge, German actor (d. 1984)
- Lou Richards, Australian footballer (d. 2017)
- March 19 – Oskar Fischer, East German politician (d. 2020)
- March 21
- Rezső Nyers, Hungarian politician (d. 2018)
- Olive Nicol, Baroness Nicol, British politician, life peer (d. 2018)
- Louis-Edmond Hamelin, Canadian geographer, author and academic (d. 2020)
- Merle Keagle, American female professional baseball player (d. 1960)
- Shri Mataji Nirmala Srivastava, Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga (d. 2011)
- March 22 – Marcel Marceau, world-renowned French mime (d. 2007)
- March 24
- Murray Hamilton, American actor (d. 1986)
- Michael Legat, English writer (d. 2011)
- March 25
- Stefano Vetrano, Italian politician (d. 2018)
- Lewis Elton, German-English physicist and researcher (d. 2018)
- Wim van Est, Dutch cyclist (d. 2003)
- March 26
- Baba Hari Dass, Indian yoga master, silent monk, and commentator (d. 2018)
- Romolo Catasta, Italian Olympic rower (d. 1985)
- Bob Elliott, American comedian (d. 2016)
- March 27
- Louis Simpson, Jamaican-born poet (d. 2012)
- Ulla Sallert, Swedish actress, singer (d. 2018)
- March 28
- Thad Jones, American jazz musician (d. 1986)
- Ine Schäffer, Austrian athlete (d. 2009)
- March 29 – Geoff Duke, British motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
- March 30 – Milton Acorn, Canadian writer (d. 1986)
- March 31
- Don Barksdale, American basketball player (d. 1993)
- Shoshana Damari, Yemenite-Israeli singer (d. 2006)
April
- April 2
- Alice Haylett, American professional baseball player (d. 2004)
- G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician (d. 2016)
- Gloria Henry, American actress
- Johnny Paton, Scottish football player, coach and manager (d. 2015)
- April 4
- Maximiano Tuazon Cruz, Filipino Roman Catholic prelate (d. 2013)
- Gene Reynolds, American actor (d. 2020)
- Peter Vaughan, English actor (d. 2016)
- April 5 – Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Vietnam (d. 2001)
- April 8
- George Fisher, American political cartoonist (d. 2003)
- Edward Mulhare, Irish-born American actor (d. 1997)
- April 10 – John Watkins, South African cricketer
- April 12 – Ann Miller, American actress and dancer (d. 2004)
- April 13 – Don Adams, American actor, comedian (Get Smart) (d. 2005)
- April 14
- Lydia Clarke, American actress, photographer (d. 2018)
- Roberto De Vicenzo, Argentine professional golfer, winner of the 1967 Open Championship (d. 2017)
- April 15 – Douglas Wass, British civil servant (d. 2017)
- April 17 – Étienne Bally, French sprinter (d. 2018)
- April 19 – Stuart H. Walker, American Olympic yachtsman and writer (d. 2018)
- April 20
- Mother Angelica, American nun, founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) (d. 2016)
- Irene Lieblich, Polish-born painter (d. 2008)
- April 22
- Geoffrey Hattersley-Smith, English/Canadian geologist and glaciologist (d. 2012)
- Bettie Page, American model (d. 2008)
- Paula Fox, American writer (d. 2017)
- Aaron Spelling, American television producer, writer (d. 2006)
- April 23 – Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
- April 24 – Bülent Ulusu, 18th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2015)
- April 25
- Francis Graham-Smith, English astronomer, academic
- Albert King, American musician (d. 1992)
- Grant Munro, Canadian animator, filmmaker and actor (d. 2017)
- April 30
- Al Lewis, American actor (The Munsters) (d. 2006)
- Francis Tucker, South African rally driver (d. 2008)
May
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- May 1
- Frank Brian, American basketball player (d. 2017)
- Fernando Cabrita, Portuguese football forward, manager (d. 2014)
- Joseph Heller, American novelist (Catch-22) (d. 1999)
- Billy Steel, Scottish footballer (d. 1982)
- May 2 – Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (d. 2008)
- May 3
- Francesco Paolo Bonifacio, Italian politician and jurist (d. 1989)
- Ralph Hall, American politician (d. 2019)
- Alexander Harvey II, American judge (d. 2017)
- May 4
- Assi Rahbani, Lebanese composer, musician, conductor, poet and author (d. 1986)
- Eric Sykes, English actor (d. 2012)
- Gillis William Long, American politician (d. 1985)
- May 5
- Konrad Repgen, German historian (d. 2017)
- Edit Perényi-Weckinger, Hungarian gymnast (d. 2019)
- Richard Wollheim, English philosopher (d. 2003)
- Sergey Akhromeyev, Soviet marshall, former Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Armed Forces (d. 1991)
- May 6 – Josep Seguer, Spanish football defender, manager (d. 2014)
- May 7
- Anne Baxter, American actress (d. 1985)
- Jim Lowe, American singer-songwriter (d. 2016)
- J. Mack Robinson, American businessman (d. 2014)
- May 8 – Yusof Rawa, Malaysian politician (d. 2000)
- May 10 – Heydar Aliyev, 3rd President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003) (d. 2003)
- May 11 – Louise Arnold, American baseball player (d. 2010)
- May 12 – Kavu Iloilo, First Lady of Fiji
- May 13 – Ruth Adler Schnee, German-American textile, interior designer
- May 14
- Willis Blair, Canadian politician (d. 2014)
- Alberto Ortiz, Uruguayan pentathlete
- Adnan Pachachi, Iraqi Foreign Minister (d. 2019)
- Mrinal Sen, Indian filmmaker (d. 2018)
- May 15
- Doris Dowling, American actress (d. 2004)
- John Lanchbery, English composer (d. 2003)
- Gholamreza Pahlavi, Persian prince (d. 2017)
- May 16 – Merton Miller, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
- May 17
- Anthony Eyton, English painter, educator
- Peter Mennin, American composer, teacher and administrator (d. 1983)
- David Wasawo, Kenyan zoologist, conservationist, and university administrator (d. 2014)
- May 18 – Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 2004)
- May 19 – Peter Lo Sui Yin, Malaysian politician (d. 2020)
- May 20 – Israel Gutman, Israeli historian (d. 2013)
- May 21
- Armand Borel, Swiss mathematician (d. 2003)
- Dorothy Hewett, Australian writer (d. 2002)
- Ara Parseghian, American football coach (d. 2017)
- Evelyn Ward, American actress (d. 2012)
- May 22 – Aline Griffith, Dowager Countess of Romanones, Spanish-American cipher clerk, aristocrat, socialite and writer (d. 2017)
- May 23 – Kalidas Shrestha, Nepalese artist (d. 2016)
- May 24
- Knut Ahnlund, Swedish literary historian, writer (d. 2012)
- Seijun Suzuki, Japanese filmmaker, actor and screenwriter (d. 2017)
- May 25 – Bernard Koura, French painter (d. 2018)
- May 26
- James Arness, American actor (Gunsmoke) (d. 2011)
- Roy Dotrice, English actor (d. 2017)
- Horst Tappert, German television actor (d. 2008)
- May 27
- Henry Kissinger, German-born United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- Sumner Redstone, American businessman (d. 2020)
- Alfonso Wong, Hong Kong cartoonist (d. 2017)
- May 28
- György Ligeti, Hungarian composer (d. 2006)
- N. T. Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor, politician (d. 1996)
- T. M. Thiagarajan, Carnatic musicologist from Tamil Nadu in Southern India (d. 2007)
- May 29 – Eugene Wright, American jazz bassist
- May 30 – Jimmy Lydon, American actor, producer
- May 31
- Robert O. Becker, American orthopedic surgeon (d. 2008)
- Ellsworth Kelly, American artist (d. 2015)
- Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (d. 2005)
June
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- June 2
- Ted Leehane, Australian rules footballer (d. 2014)
- Lloyd Shapley, American mathematician, economist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
- June 3 – Peter Thorne, British Royal Air Force pilot (d. 2014)
- June 4
- Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (d. 2007)
- Yuriko, Princess Mikasa, Japanese princess
- June 5 – Peggy Stewart, American actress (d. 2019)
- June 6
- V. C. Andrews, American novelist (d. 1996)
- Jeff Dwire, American small businessman (d. 1974)
- June 7
- Jean Baratte, French international footballer, striker and manager (d. 1986)
- Giorgio Belladonna, Italian bridge player, one of the greatest of all time (d. 1995)
- June 8 – Tang Hsiang Chien, Hong Kong industrialist (d. 2018)
- June 9
- Gerald Götting, German politician (d. 2015)
- I. H. Latif, Indian military officer (d. 2018)
- June 10
- Robert Maxwell, Slovakian-born media entrepreneur (d. 1991)
- Madeleine Lebeau, French actress (d. 2016)
- Françoise Sullivan, Canadian painter, sculptor, dancer and choreographer.
- June 11 – Bernard F. Grabowski, American politician (d. 2019)
- June 12
- Herta Elviste, Estonian actress (d. 2015)
- Juan Arza, Spanish football forward, manager (d. 2011)
- June 13 – Lloyd Conover, American scientist (d. 2017)
- June 14
- Jack Hayward, English businessman (d. 2014)
- Judith Kerr, English writer, illustrator (d. 2019)
- Donald Smith, English cricketer
- June 15
- Herbert Chitepo, Zimbabwe African National Union leader (d. 1975)
- Johnny Most, American basketball radio announcer (d. 1993)
- Ninian Stephen, 20th Governor-General of Australia (d. 2017)
- June 17
- Arnold S. Relman, American internist (d. 2014)
- Enrique Angelelli, Argentine bishop (d. 1976)
- W. M. Gorman, Irish economist, academic (d. 2003)
- William G. Adams, 9th mayor of St. John's, member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (d. 2005)
- Anthony Bevilacqua, American Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 2012)
- Jan Veselý, Czech cyclist (d. 2003)
- June 18 – Szymon Szurmiej, Polish-Jewish actor, director, and general manager (d. 2014)
- June 19 – Andrés Rodríguez, 47th President of Paraguay (d. 1997)
- June 20 – Bjørn Watt-Boolsen, Danish actor (d. 1998)
- June 21 – Johann Eyfells, Icelandic artist (d. 2019)
- June 22
- John Oldham, American college player, athletic director and basketball coach
- Felo Ramírez, Cuban-American Spanish-language radio voice of the Miami Marlins (d. 2017)
- June 23
- Silkirtis Nichols, Native American Indian actor
- André Antunes, Portuguese sports shooter
- Doris Johnson, American politician
- Makhmut Gareev, Russian general (d. 2019)
- Jerry Rullo, American professional basketball player (d. 2016)
- Mario Milita, Italian actor and voice actor (d. 2017)
- Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lanka statesman, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (d. 1993)
- John E. Sarno, American medical writer (d. 2017)
- June 24
- Yves Bonnefoy, French poet, art historian (d. 2016)
- Cesare Romiti, Italian economist (d. 2020)
- T-Model Ford, African-American blues musician (d. 2013)
- June 25
- Stan Clements, English footballer (d. 2018)
- Vatroslav Mimica, Croatian film director, screenwriter (d. 2020)
- Jamshid Amouzegar, 43rd Prime Minister of Iran (d. 2016)
- Doug Everingham, Australian politician, minister (d. 2017)
- Sam Francis, American painter (d. 1994)
- June 26
- Ed Bearss, American World War II veteran
- Barbara Graham, American criminal (d. 1955)
- Musa'id bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Saudi prince (d. 2013)
- June 27
- Beth Chatto, British plantswoman, garden designer and author (d. 2018)
- Mitchell Flint, American lawyer, veteran aviator (d. 2017)
- Gus Zernial, American baseball player, sports commentator (d. 2011)
- June 28
- Giff Roux, American basketball player (d. 2011)
- Gaye Stewart, Canadian ice hockey forward (d. 2010)
- Daniil Khrabrovitsky, Soviet film director (d. 1980)
- June 29
- Alfred Goodwin, senior judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
- Chou Wen-chung, Chinese-American composer, educator (d. 2019)
- Olav Thon, Norwegian real estate magnate
- June 30
- Andy Jack, English footballer
- Ivo Orlandi, Venezuelan sports shooter
- Gad Beck, Israeli-German educator, author, activist and Holocaust survivor (d. 2012)
July
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- July 1
- Scotty Bowers, American Marine, author (d. 2019)
- Herman Chernoff, American applied mathematician, statistician and physicist
- July 2
- Constantin Dăscălescu, 52nd Prime Minister of Romania (d. 2003)
- Wisława Szymborska, Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
- July 3
- Hugo Machado, Uruguayan cyclist
- Felipe Zetter, Mexican football defender (d. 2013)
- July 4
- Rudolf Friedrich, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 2013)
- George Mostow, American mathematician, renowned for his contributions to Lie theory (d. 2017)
- July 5
- Mitsuye Yamada, Japanese-American activist, feminist, essayist, poet, story writer, editor, and former English professor
- Hermann Gummel, German semiconductor industry pioneer
- July 6 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish Communist politician, 8th Prime Minister of Poland and President of Poland (d. 2014)
- July 7
- Whitney North Seymour Jr., American administrator (d. 2019)
- Leonardo Ferrel, Bolivian football player (d. unknown)
- Kitty White, American jazz singer (d. 2009)
- July 8
- Harrison Dillard, African-American track and field athlete (d. 2019)
- Ivor Germain, Barbadian professional light/welterweight boxer
- Eric Hill, English cricketer (d. 2010)
- July 9 – Jill Knight, British politician
- July 10
- Mátyás Tímár, Hungarian politician and economist (d. 2020)
- Rudolf Kehrer, Soviet and Russian classical pianist (d. 2013)
- John Bradley, U.S. Navy flag raiser on Iwo Jima (d. 1994)
- July 11
- Roy Neighbors, American politician (d. 2017)
- Richard Pipes, Polish-American academic who specialized in Russian history (d. 2018)
- Olavo Rodrigues Barbosa, Brazilian football player (d. 2010)
- Gilbert Morand, French non-commissioned officer, skier (d. 2008)
- July 12
- James E. Gunn, American science fiction writer, editor, scholar, and anthologist
- Francisco Castro, Puerto Rican long jumper, triple jumper
- Freddie Fields, American theatrical agent, film producer (d. 2007)
- July 13
- Erich Lessing, Austrian photographer (d. 2018)
- Shmuel Laviv-Lubin, Israeli sports shooter
- Alexandre Astruc, French film critic, director (d. 2016)
- Norma Zimmer, American singer (d. 2011)
- July 14
- María Martín, Spanish actress
- Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013)
- July 15 – Francisco de Andrade, Portuguese competitive sailor, Olympic medalist
- July 16
- Mari Evans, African-American poet (d. 2017)
- Len Okrie, American catcher (d. 2018)
- Chris Argyris, American business theorist (d. 2013)
- Giuseppe Madini, Italian professional football player (d. 1998)
- July 18
- Michael Medwin, English actor (d. 2020)
- Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (d. 1997)
- July 19 – Alex Hannum, American basketball player (d. 2002)
- July 20
- James Bree, British actor (d. 2008)
- Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist, journalist (d. 2005)
- Elisabeth Becker, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1946)
- July 21
- Rudolph A. Marcus, Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- Walter Brenner, American professor (d. 2017)
- July 22
- Anthony Enahoro, Nigerian politician (d. 2010)
- Bob Dole, American Republican politician, Presidential candidate
- The Fabulous Moolah, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)
- Mukesh, Indian singer (d. 1976)
- July 23
- Witto Aloma, Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1997)
- Morris Halle, Latvian-American linguist (d. 2018)
- July 24 – Albert Vanhoye, French cardinal
- July 25
- Leonardo Villar, Brazilian actor (d. 2020)
- Estelle Getty, American actress (d. 2008)
- July 28
- H. S. S. Lawrence, Indian educator (d. 2009)
- Ian McDonald, Australian cricketer (d. 2019)
- July 29
- Jim Marshall, British founder of Marshall Amplification (d. 2012)
- Edgar Cortright, American scientist, engineer (d. 2014)
- July 31
- Stephanie Kwolek, American chemist noted for inventing Kevlar (d. 2014)
- Jean-Jacques Moreau, French mathematician, mechanician (d. 2014)
- William Joseph Nealon Jr., American judge (d. 2018)
August
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- August 1 – Val Bettin, American actor
- August 2 – Shimon Peres, 8th Prime Minister of Israel, 9th President of Israel, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 2016)
- August 3
- Jean Hagen, American actress (d. 1977)
- Anne Klein, American fashion designer (d. 1974)
- Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria (d. 2012)
- August 4
- Cornelia Groefsema Kennedy, American judge (d. 2014)
- Santiago Riveros, Argentine general
- August 5
- Sir Michael Kerry, QC, British civil servant, Procurator General and Treasury Solicitor (d. 2012)
- Devan Nair, third President of Singapore (d. 2005)
- August 6
- Paul Hellyer, Canadian engineer, politician
- Moira Lister, Anglo-South African film, stage and television actress (d. 2007)
- Jack Parnell, English producer, bandleader and musician (d. 2010)
- August 8
- Eve Miller, American actress (d. 1973)
- Latifa al-Zayyat, Egyptian activist, writer (d. 1996)
- August 10
- David H. Rodgers, American politician (d. 2017)
- Rhonda Fleming, American actress
- Iosif Fabian, Romanian football striker, coach (d. 2008)
- Fred Ridgway, English cricketer (d. 2015)
- August 14 – Kuldip Nayar, Indian journalist, human rights activist and politician (d. 2018)
- August 15 – Rose Marie, American actress, comedian, and singer (d. 2017)
- August 16 – Millôr Fernandes, Brazilian cartoonist, playwright (d. 2012)
- August 17 – Carlos Cruz-Diez, Venezuelan artist (d. 2019)
- August 19
- Dill Jones, Welsh jazz stride pianist (d. 1984)
- Esmeralda Agoglia, Argentinian ballerina (d. 2014)
- August 20 – Jim Reeves, American country singer (d. 1964)
- August 21 – Larry Grayson, English comedian, game show host (d. 1995)
- August 22 – Carolina Slim, American Piedmont blues singer, guitarist (d. 1953)
- August 23
- Henry F. Warner, American soldier, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1944)
- Siti Hartinah, 2nd First Lady of Indonesia, wife of Suharto (d. 1996)
- August 24 – Arthur Jensen, American educational psychologist (d. 2012)
- August 25 – Luis Abanto Morales, Peruvian singer, composer (d. 2017)
- August 26 – Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor, pianist (d. 2013)
- August 27
- Inge Egger, Austrian actress (d. 1976)
- Hun Neang, father of Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen (d. 2013)
- August 28 – Andrea Veggio, Italian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2020)
- August 29
- Sir Richard Attenborough, English actor, film director (d. 2014)
- Marmaduke Hussey, Baron Hussey of North Bradley, chairman of the BBC (d. 2006)
- August 30
- Joseph Lawson Howze, American Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2019)
- Giacomo Rondinella, Italian singer, actor (d. 2015)
- Vic Seixas, American tennis player
September
- September 1
- Rocky Marciano, American boxer (d. 1969)
- Kenneth Thomson, Canadian businessman, art collector (d. 2006)
- September 2 – Ramón Valdés, Mexican actor, Don Ramón in El Chavo del Ocho (d. 1988)
- September 3
- Glen Bell, American entrepreneur, founder of Taco Bell (d. 2010)
- Mort Walker, American cartoonist, creator of Beetle Bailey (d. 2018)
- September 4
- Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi, Pakistani banker, writer and humorist (d. 2018)
- Ram Kishore Shukla, Indian politician (d. 2003)
- Mirko Ellis, Swiss-Italian actor (d. 2014)
- September 6
- Eloy Tato Losada, Spanish Roman Catholic bishop
- King Peter II of Yugoslavia (d. 1970)
- September 7
- Madeleine Dring, British composer, actress (d. 1977)
- Peter Lawford, English actor (d. 1984)
- September 8 – Joy Laville, English-Mexican sculptor, potter and painter (d. 2018)
- September 9
- Cliff Robertson, American actor (d. 2011)
- Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2008)
- September 10 – Uri Avnery, Israeli writer (d. 2018)
- September 11 – Vasilije Mokranjac, Serbian composer (d. 1984)
- September 12 – Joe Shulman, American jazz bassist (d. 1957)
- September 13 – Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, Soviet partisan (d. 1941)
- September 14 – Carl-Erik Asplund, Swedish speed skater
- September 16 – Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (d. 2015)
- September 17 – Hank Williams, American country musician (d. 1953)
- September 18
- Al Quie, American politician
- Queen Anne of Romania, born Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma, French-born queen consort (d. 2016)
- September 20 – Geraldine Clinton Little, Northern Ireland-born poet (d. 1997)
- September 21
- Luba Skořepová, Czech actress (d. 2016)
- Linwood Holton, American politician
- September 22 – Dannie Abse, Welsh poet (d. 2014)
- September 23 – Basil Feldman, Baron Feldman, English politician (d. 2019)
- September 24
- Li Yuan-tsu, Taiwanese politician (d. 2017)
- Fats Navarro, American jazz trumpet player (d. 1950)
- September 26
- Dev Anand, Indian actor, film producer, writer and director (d. 2011)
- Aleksandr Alov, Soviet film director, screenwriter (d. 1983)
- James Hennessy, English businessman and diplomat
- September 27 – James Condon, Australian actor (d. 2014)
- September 28 – Giuseppe Casale, Italian Roman Catholic bishop
- September 29 – Nicholas Amer, English actor (d. 2019)
- September 30 – Donald Swann, Welsh composer (d. 1994)
October
- October 1 – Babe McCarthy, American professional and collegiate basketball coach (d. 1975)
- October 2
- Eugenio Cruz Vargas, Chilean poet, painter (d. 2014)
- Absalón Castellanos Domínguez, Mexican politician (d. 2017)
- Shih Chun-jen, Taiwanese neurosurgeon (d. 2017)
- Hershel W. Williams, American Medal of Honour recipient
- October 3
- Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
- Stanisław Skrowaczewski, Polish-born orchestral conductor (d. 2017)
- October 4
- Charlton Heston, American actor (The Ten Commandments) (d. 2008)
- Charles Lazarus, American businessman, founder of Toys "R" Us (d. 2018)
- October 5
- Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic football player, politician (d. 1994)
- Glynis Johns, South African-born Welsh actress
- Ricardo Lavié, Argentine actor (d. 2010)
- October 6
- Robert Kuok, Malaysian-Chinese business magnate, investor
- Emmett Hulcy Tidd, American military officer (d. 2018)
- Yasar Kemal, Turkish writer (d. 2015)
- October 7 – Irma Grese, German Nazi concentration camp guard, war criminal (executed 1945)
- October 9 – Haim Gouri, Israeli poet (d. 2018)
- October 10
- James "Jabby" Jabara, American aviator, first American jet fighter ace (d. 1966)
- Nicholas Parsons, English television and radio presenter (d. 2020)
- Murray Walker, British motor racing commentator
- Asri Muda, Malaysian politician (d. 1992)
- October 13
- Les Pearce, Welsh rugby league player, coach (d. 2018)
- Faas Wilkes, Dutch football (soccer) player (d. 2006)
- October 15 – Italo Calvino, Italian writer (d. 1985)
- October 16 – Linda Darnell, American actress (d. 1965)
- October 17
- Henryk Gulbinowicz, Polish cardinal
- Charles McClendon, American Hall of Fame college football coach (d. 2001)
- October 19 – Beatrix Hamburg, American psychiatrist (d. 2018)
- October 20 – Otfried Preußler, German children's books author (d. 2013)
- October 23
- Ned Rorem, American composer and author
- Frank Sutton, American actor (d. 1974)
- October 24
- Sir Robin Day, British political broadcaster (d. 2000)
- Denise Levertov, British-born American poet (d. 1997)
- October 25
- J. Esmonde Barry, Canadian healthcare activist, political commentator (d. 2007)
- Achille Silvestrini, Italian cardinal (d. 2019)
- October 27 – Roy Lichtenstein, American pop artist (d. 1997)
- October 29
- Carl Djerassi, American chemist (d. 2015)
- Gerda van der Kade-Koudijs, Dutch athlete (d. 2015)
- Vincent Cyril Richard Arthur Charles Crabbe, Ghanaian judge (d. 2018)
November
- November 1
- Victoria de los Ángeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005)
- Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001)
- James Ramsden, English politician (d. 2020)
- Imre Varga, Hungarian sculptor (d. 2019)
- November 2 – Cesare Rubini, Italian basketball player, coach (d. 2011)
- November 3
- Charles Nolte, American actor, director, playwright, and educator (d. 2010)
- Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Irish Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1990)
- November 4
- John Herbers, American journalist, author, editor, World War II veteran, and Pulitzer Prize finalist (d. 2017)
- Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician
- November 5
- Rudolf Augstein, German journalist, founder and part-owner of German magazine Der Spiegel (d. 2002)
- Kay Lionikas, Greek-American female professional baseball player (d. 1978)
- November 8
- Yisrael Friedman, Romanian-born Israeli rabbi (d. 2017)
- Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (d. 2005)
- November 9 – Elizabeth Hawley, American journalist (d. 2018)
- November 11
- P. K. van der Byl, Rhodesian politician (d. 1999)
- William P. Murphy Jr., American medical doctor and inventor
- November 12 – Loriot, German actor (d. 2011)
- November 13 – Linda Christian, Mexican film actress (d. 2011)
- November 14
- Cleyde Yáconis, Brazilian actress (d. 2013)
- Misael Pastrana Borrero, 23rd President of Colombia (d. 1997)
- November 15
- Michael Lapage, English rower (d. 2018)
- Fred Richmond, American politician (d. 2019)
- November 17 – Aristides Maria Pereira, President of Cape Verde (d. 2011)
- November 18 – Alan Shepard, first American astronaut, fifth person to walk on the moon (d. 1998)
- November 20 – Nadine Gordimer, South African writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014)
- November 22
- Arthur Hiller, Canadian film director (d. 2016)
- Tu An, Chinese poet, translator (d. 2017)
- November 23
- Billy Haughton, American harness driver, trainer (d. 1986)
- Julien J. LeBourgeois, American vice admiral (d. 2012)
- Gloria Whelan, American poet, short story writer, and novelist
- Keiju Kobayashi, Japanese actor (d. 2010)
- November 24 – Octavio Lepage, Venezuelan politician, former Acting President of Venezuela (d. 2017)
- November 25 – Mauno Koivisto, 2-Time Prime Minister of Finland and 9th President of Finland (d. 2017)
- November 26 – Pat Phoenix, English actress (d. 1986)
- November 28
- Gloria Grahame, American actress (d. 1981)
- James Karen, American actor (d. 2018)
December
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- December 1
- Dick Shawn, American actor (d. 1987)
- William F. House, American otologist, inventor of the Cochlear implant (d. 2012)
- Stansfield Turner, American admiral, Director of Central Intelligence (d. 2018)
- December 2 – Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977)
- December 3
- Dede Allen, American film editor (Bonnie and Clyde) (d. 2010)
- Stjepan Bobek, Yugoslav football player (d. 2010)
- Moyra Fraser, British actress (d. 2009)
- Abe Pollin, American sports owner (d. 2009)
- December 4 – Vincent Ball, Australian actor
- December 5
- Eleanor Dapkus, American female professional baseball player (d. 2011)
- Johnny Pate, American jazz musician
- Philip Slier, Dutch Jewish typesetter (d. 1943)
- December 6
- Emile Hemmen, Luxembourg poet and writer
- Maury Laws, American composer (d. 2019)
- December 7 – Ted Knight, American actor (d. 1986)
- December 8
- Dewey Martin, American actor (d. 2018)
- Rudolph Pariser, American physicist and polymer chemist
- December 10 – Harold Gould, American character actor (d. 2010)
- December 11
- Betsy Blair, American film actress (d. 2009)
- Denis Brian, Welsh journalist and author
- Farhang Mehr, Iranian-born American Zoroastrian scholar, writer (d. 2018)
- December 12
- Bob Barker, American game show host (The Price Is Right)
- Ken Kavanagh, Australian motorcycle racer (d. 2019)
- December 13
- Alfonso Osorio, Spanish politician (d. 2018)
- Philip Warren Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2020)
- Larry Doby, African-American baseball player (d. 2003)
- Antoni Tàpies, Catalan painter (d. 2012)
- December 14
- Gerard Reve, Dutch writer (d. 2006)
- Sully Boyar, American actor (d. 2001)
- December 15
- Freeman Dyson, English-born physicist (d. 2020)
- Aishah Ghani, Malaysian politician (d. 2013)
- Viktor Shuvalov, Soviet ice hockey player
- December 16
- Jo-Carroll Dennison, American actress, Miss America
- Menahem Pressler, German-American pianist
- December 17 – Jaroslav Pelikan, American historian (d. 2006)
- December 18
- Edwin Bramall, senior British Army officer (d. 2019)
- Émile Knecht, Swiss Olympic rower (d. 2019)
- December 19 – Gordon Jackson, Scottish actor (d. 1990)
- December 20 – Ambalavaner Sivanandan, Sri Lankan novelist (d. 2018)
- December 21 – Wataru Misaka, American baseball player (d. 2019)
- December 22 – Peregrine Worsthorne, English journalist, writer and broadcaster
- December 23
- TL Osborn, American televangelist, singer and author (d. 2013)
- José Serra Gil, Spanish racing cyclist (d. 2002)
- James Stockdale, U.S. Navy admiral, vice presidential candidate (d. 2005)
- Earl P. Yates, American admiral
- December 24
- George Patton IV, American general (d. 2004)
- Simon Perchik, American poet
- December 25
- Luis Álamos, Chilean football manager (d. 1983)
- Sonya Olschanezky, World War II heroine (d. 1944)
- Satyananda Saraswati, Indian founder of Satyananda Yoga and Bihar Yoga (d. 2009)
- René Girard, French-American historian (d. 2015)
- Billy Watson, American child actor
- Jack Zunz, South African-English engineer (d. 2018)
- December 26
- Dick Teague, American industrial designer (d. 1991)
- Richard Artschwager, American painter, illustrator and sculptor (d. 2013)
- December 27 – Lucas Mangope, President of Bophuthatswana Bantustan (d. 2018)
- December 28 – Louis Lansana Beavogui, Guinean politician (d. 1984)
- December 29
- Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, French mathematician and physicist
- Cheikh Anta Diop, Senegalese historian, anthropologist, physicist and politician (d. 1986)
- Dina Merrill, American actress, heiress, socialite and philanthropist (d. 2017)
- Mike Nussbaum, American actor and director
- December 31 – Balbir Singh Sr., Indian hockey player (d. 2020)
Deaths
January
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- January 1 – Willie Keeler, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1872)
- January 2
- Thomas Bavister, British-born Australian (b. 1850)
- Girolamo Caruso, Italian agronomist, teacher (b. 1842)
- January 3 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech writer (b. 1883)
- January 8 – Shimamura Hayao, Japanese admiral (b. 1858)
- January 9
- Katherine Mansfield, British novelist (b. 1888)
- Edith Thompson and Frederick Bywaters, British couple hanged for murder (Thompson b. 1893, Bywaters b. 1902)
- January 11 – King Constantine I of Greece (b. 1868)
- January 12 – Herbert Silberer, Austrian psychoanalyst (b. 1882)
- January 13 – Alexandre Ribot, French statesman, 46th Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
- January 16 – Abdul Kerim Pasha, Ottoman general (b. 1872)
- January 18 – Wallace Reid, American actor (b. 1891)
- January 19 – Amalia Eriksson, Swedish businesswoman (b. 1824)
- January 23 – Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
- January 27 – Carolina Santocanale, Italian Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1852)
- January 30 – Columba Marmion, Irish Benedictine and Roman Catholic monk and blessed (b. 1858)
- January 31 – Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish artist, political activist and assassin (executed) (b. 1869)
February
- February 1
- Ernst Troeltsch, German theologian (b. 1865)
- Luigi Variara, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1875)
- February 3 – Count Kuroki Tamemoto, Japanese general (b. 1844)
- February 4
- Prince Fushimi Sadanaru of Japan (b. 1858)
- Giuseppe Antonio Ermenegildo Prisco, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1833)
- February 5 – Count Erich Kielmansegg, former Prime Minister of Austria (b. 1847)
- February 6
- Edward Emerson Barnard, American astronomer (b. 1857)
- Gerdt von Bassewitz, Prussian general, playwright and actor (b. 1878)
- February 8 – Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and political theorist (b. 1848)
- February 10 – Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
- February 14 – Bartolomeo Bacilieri, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1842)
- February 19 – Gerónimo Giménez, Spanish conductor, composer (b. 1854)
- February 21 – Prince Miguel, Duke of Viseu (b. 1878)
- February 22
- Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852)
- Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen (b. 1853)
- February 24 – Edward W. Morley, American physicist, chemist (b. 1838)
- February 26 – Walter B. Barrows, American naturalist (b. 1855)
March
- March 1 – Rui Barbosa, Brazilian polymath, diplomat, writer, jurist and politician (b. 1849)
- William Bourke Cockran, Irish-American congressman and politician (b. 1954)
- March 3 – Melancthon J. Briggs, American lawyer, politician (b. 1846)
- March 6 – Joseph McDermott, American actor (b. 1878)
- March 8
- Pascual Álvarez, Filipino general (b. 1861)
- Johannes Diderik van der Waals, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1837)
- March 11 – Júlia da Silva Bruhns, Brazilian merchant (b. 1851)
- March 15 – Goat Anderson, American baseball player (b. 1880)
- March 16 – George Bean, English cricketer (b. 1864)
- March 20 – Józef Bilczewski, Polish Roman Catholic prelate, saint (b. 1860)
- March 25 – Inokuchi Ariya, Japanese technologist, professor (b. 1856)
- March 26 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844)
- March 27 – Sir James Dewar, British chemist (b. 1842)
- March 28 – Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general (b. 1847)
- March 31 – Konstantin Budkevich, Soviet Roman Catholic priest and servant of God (executed) (b. 1867)
April
- April 1 – Prince Naruhisa Kitashirakawa of Japan (b. 1887)
- April 4
- Julius Martov, Russian Menshevik leader (b. 1873)
- John Venn, British mathematician (b. 1834)
- April 5 – George Herbert, 5th Earl of Carnarvon, British financier of Egyptian excavations (b. 1866)
- April 6 – Alice Cunningham Fletcher, American ethnologist and anthropologist (b. 1838)
- April 15 – Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra, 17th President of Costa Rica (b. 1844)
- April 16 – Isidore Jacques Eggermont, Belgian diplomat (b. 1844)
- April 17 – Madre Teresa Nuzzo, Maltese Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1851)
- April 22 – Frank Baldwin, American general (b. 1842)
- April 23
- Mary Cynthia Dickerson, American herpetologist (b. 1866)
- Princess Louise of Prussia (b. 1838)
- April 24 – William Ernest, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (b. 1876)
May
- May 2 – Alfred Harding, American Episcopal bishop (b. 1852)
- May 5 – Rosario de Acuña, Spanish author (b. 1850)
- May 9 – Constantin Cristescu, Romanian general (b. 1866)
- May 10 – Charles de Freycinet, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1828)
- May 17
- Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar, Spanish nobleman, politician, and Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1856)
- Thomas Scott Baldwin, American balloonist, general (b. 1854)
- Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg (b. 1852)
- May 21
- Hans Goldschmidt, German chemist (b. 1861)
- Charles Kent, British actor (b. 1852)
- May 23 – Nicola Barbato, Italian doctor, socialist and politician (b. 1856)
- May 29 – Albert Deullin, French flying ace of World War I (b. 1890)
June
- June 4
- Alexander Milne Calder, Scottish-born American sculptor (b. 1846)
- Filippo Smaldone, Italian Roman Catholic priest, saint (b. 1848)
- June 5 – Carl von Horn, German general (b. 1847)
- June 9
- Takeo Arishima, Japanese novelist, writer and essayist (b. 1878)
- Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria (b. 1846)
- June 10 – Pierre Loti, French writer, naval officer (b. 1850)
- June 12 – Kate Bishop, English actress (b. 1848)
- June 14
- Isabelle Bogelot, French philanthropist (b. 1838)
- Aleksandar Stamboliyski, 20th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (assassinated) (b. 1879)
- June 17 – Alexis-Xyste Bernard, Canadian Catholic bishop (b. 1847)
- June 18 – Hristo Smirnenski, Bulgarian poet (b. 1898)
- June 20 – Princess Marie of Battenberg (b. 1852)
- June 23 – Keiichi Aichi, Japanese physicist (b. 1880)
- June 24 – Edith Södergran, Finnish author (b. 1892)
July
Kato Tomosaburo
Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca
Stephanos Dragoumis
- July 9 – William R. Day, American lawyer and diplomat, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1849)
- July 10 – Albert Chevalier, British music hall comedian (b. 1861)
- July 12 – Ernst Otto Beckmann, German pharmacist, chemist (b. 1853)
- July 15 – Janey Sevilla Callander, British producer (b. 1846)
- July 17 – Theodor Rosetti, 16th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1837)
- July 19 – Auguste Bouché-Leclercq, French historian (b. 1842)
- July 20 – Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (assassinated) (b. 1878)
- July 23 – Charles Dupuy, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1851)
- July 30 – Sir Charles Hawtrey, British actor (b. 1858)
August
- August 1 – Pierre Brizon, French teacher, deputy and pacifist (b. 1878)
- August 2 – Warren G. Harding, American politician, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)
- August 5 – Vatroslav Jagić, Croatian scholar (b. 1838)
- August 9 – Victor II, Duke of Ratibor (b. 1847)
- August 10 – Joaquín Sorolla, Spanish painter (b. 1863)
- August 19 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist (b. 1848)
- August 21 – Sir William Meredith, Canadian politician and judge (b. 1840)
- August 23
- Ernest Francis Bashford, British oncologist (b. 1873)
- Henry C. Mustin, American naval aviation pioneer (b. 1874)
- August 24 – Katō Tomosaburō, Imperial Japanese Navy officer, 12th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1861)
- August 27 – Edward Hill, American painter (b. 1843)
- August 29 – Princess Anastasia of Greece and Denmark (b. 1878)
September
- September 6 – Pedro José Escalón, Salvadorian military officer, 21st President of El Salvador (b. 1847)
- September 9 – Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, Brazilian soldier and politician, 8th President of Brazil (b. 1855)
- September 14 – Nemesio Canales, Puerto Rican essayist, novelist, playwright, journalist, activist and politician (b. 1878)
- September 17 – Stefanos Dragoumis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1842)
- September 19 – Sophus Andersen, Danish composer (b. 1859)
- September 23
- Antonio Francisco Xavier Alvares, Indian Orthodox priest and saint (b. 1836)
- Carl L. Boeckmann, Norwegian-born American artist (b. 1867)
- John Morley, 1st Viscount Morley of Blackburn, British politician, editor (b. 1838)
- September 25 – Elbazduko Britayev, Russian playwright, author (b. 1881)
- September 26 – Luigi Tezza, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1841)
October
- October 9 – Damat Ferid Pasha, Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
- October 10
- Herman Gottfried Breijer, Dutch-born South African naturalist, museologist (b. 1864)
- Andrés Avelino Cáceres, Peruvian general, 3-time President of Peru (b. 1836)
- October 12 – Diego Manuel Chamorro, 14th President of Nicaragua (b. 1861)
- October 23
- Hannah Johnston Bailey, American temperance advocate, suffragist (b. 1839)
- Félix Fourdrain, French organist, composer (b. 1880)
- October 28
- Theodor Reuss, German occultist (b. 1855)
- Stojan Protić, Yugoslav statesman and writer, 1st Prime Minister of Yugoslavia (b. 1857)
- October 30 – Bonar Law, British politician, 52nd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
November
- November 9 (among those killed in Munich Beer Hall Putsch):
- November 10 – Ricciotto Canudo, Italian theoretician (b. 1877)
- November 14 – Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover (b. 1845)
- November 15 – Mohammad Yaqub Khan, Emir of Afghanistan (b. 1849)
- November 21 – Lars Emil Bruun, Danish grocer, numismatist (b. 1852)
- November 30 – Martha Mansfield, American actress (b. 1899)
December
- December 2 – Tomás Bretón, Spanish composer (b. 1850)
- December 4 – Maurice Barres, French novelist, journalist and politician (b. 1862)
- December 9 – Meggie Albanesi, British actress (b. 1899)
- December 10 – Thomas George Bonney, English geologist (b. 1833)
- December 12 – Raymond Radiguet, French author (b. 1903)
- December 13 – Théophile Steinlen, Swiss painter (b. 1859)
- December 14 – Giuseppe Gallignani, Italian composer, conductor and teacher (b. 1851)
- December 22 – Georg Luger, German firearms designer (b. 1849)
- December 25 – William Ludwig, Irish opera singer (b. 1847)
- December 26 – Rafael Valentín Errázuriz, Chilean politician, diplomat (b. 1861)
- December 27
- Gustave Eiffel, French engineer, architect (Eiffel Tower) (b. 1832)
- Lluís Domènech i Montaner, Spanish architect (b. 1850)
- December 28 – Frank Hayes, American actor (b. 1871)
Nobel Prizes
- Physics – Robert Andrews Millikan
- Chemistry – Fritz Pregl
- Physiology or Medicine – Frederick Grant Banting, John James Rickard Macleod
- Literature – William Butler Yeats
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gollark: I'm currently trying to launch self replicating pages on my system.
gollark: Here is a fun fact, actually: the backend for this is ENTIRELY IN JS!
gollark: <@345300752975003649> Did you make the two pages for Electron too?
gollark: I'm planning to add search, tag support, ability to view old revisions of pages, and a recent changes list.
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1923. |
- Albert, Norman (February 9, 1923). "Conacher Scored Six for North Toronto". Toronto Star. p. 12.
- Kitchen, Paul (2008). Win, Lose or Wrangle: The Inside Story of the Old Ottawa Senators - 1883–1935. Manotick, Ontario: Penumbra Press. p. 246.
- Mariz Tadros (March 18–24, 1999). "Unity in diversity". Al Ahram Weekly (421). Archived from the original on May 30, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
- Earl L. Sullivan (January 1, 1986). Women in Egyptian Public Life. Syracuse University Press. p. 172. ISBN 978-0-8156-2354-0. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- Nadje S. Al Ali. "Women's Movements in the Middle East: Case Studies of Egypt and Turkey" (Report). SOAS. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
- "Hooper, Albert W. "Bert"". The History of Canadian Broadcasting. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
- "FC Dynamo Moscow history". www.footballhistory.org. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
- "Constitutional history at a glance". Al-Ahram Weekly On-line. March 3–9, 2005. Archived from the original on March 8, 2005. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
- "National Weather Service". Crh.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
- Named and commissioned October 10. Hayward, John T. (August 1978). "Comment and Discussion". United States Naval Institute Proceedings.
- Palestine Royal Commission Report, Presented by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to Parliament by Command of His Majesty. Cmd. 5479. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office. July 1937. Archived from the original on January 27, 2012.
- "1923 Police Strike". Marvellous Melbourne. Museum Victoria. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
- Tonge, Stephen. "Weimar Germany 1919–1933". A Web of English History. Retrieved March 14, 2012.
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