November 1923

November 1, 1923 (Thursday)

November 2, 1923 (Friday)

  • Three Socialist members of the Gustav Stresemann cabinet resigned in protest of the government's refusal to curb the powers of the dictatorial regime in Bavaria.[4][5]
  • The Reichsbank issued a 100 trillion-mark banknote.[6]
  • David Lloyd George gave a final speech at the Metropolitan Opera House as he ended his tour of North America. Lloyd George defended the Treaty of Versailles as "the best treaty that could have been negotiated under the circumstances at that time" and said it was not the treaty that was responsible for the present problems of Europe, but "the completeness of the victory. It was the most complete victory that has almost ever been won in wars between great nations. Germany-Austria were shattered, demoralized, disarmed, prostrated; we left them like broken backed creatures on the road for any chariot to run over." He added that Europe must be given "the conviction that right is supreme over force. Who is to do it? There are only two countries on Earth which can establish that conviction, and those are the United States of America and the British Empire. Unless it is done, I do not know what is going to happen."[7][8][9]
  • Born: Cesare Rubini, basketball player and coach, in Trieste, Italy (d. 2011)

November 3, 1923 (Saturday)

November 4, 1923 (Sunday)

  • Nationalist groups including monarchists and Nazis paraded in Munich during a memorial ceremony for war dead in which a corner stone was laid for a new monument. Crown Prince Rupprecht, Otto von Lossow and Eugen von Knilling were among those in attendance.[13] Adolf Hitler plotted to use this occasion to launch a putsch by kidnapping the Bavarian leaders and declaring a revolution from the reviewing stand, but he abandoned the plan after seeing the large police presence on the scene.[14]
  • The Australian government issued an appeal to fit men of military age to enroll as special constables as the Victorian Police strike entered its fourth full day.[11] The strike gradually petered out with the hiring of these Specials.[15]

November 5, 1923 (Monday)

November 6, 1923 (Tuesday)

November 7, 1923 (Wednesday)

  • The Imperial Conference approved a protectionist tariff plan that would give favorable treatment to Empire goods.[20]
  • The Imperial Conference also accepted, in modified form, an American plan to thwart rum-running by British vessels. It would give the United States authority to search and seize British ships suspected of containing contraband alcohol within a certain proximity to American shores, while British ships in return would be allowed to bring liquor to American ports under seal when intended for outbound consumption.[21]

November 8, 1923 (Thursday)

November 9, 1923 (Friday)

  • Gustav Ritter von Kahr reneged his support to Hitler, issuing a statement at 7:45 a.m. on behalf of himself, Lossow and von Seisser that their pledges had been extorted under duress and were "null and void".[22][26]
  • With the putsch having stalled, Ludendorff led a hastily arranged 11:00 a.m. march with 2,000 men on the center of Munich, until police fired on the putschists and dispersed them. 4 state officers and 16 Nazis were killed in the gun battle. Ludendorff was arrested, but Hermann Göring and Hitler were among those who escaped.[22][23]
  • The Nazi Party was banned throughout Germany.[27]
  • David Lloyd George disembarked in Southampton and walked right into the fight on Stanley Baldwin's protectionist tariff policy, which Lloyd George called "an unutterable, unintelligible folly."[28]
  • Born: James Schuyler, poet, in Chicago (d. 1991)
  • Died: Max Erwin von Scheubner-Richter, 39, highest-ranking Nazi killed in the Beer Hall Putsch

November 10, 1923 (Saturday)

  • In a radio broadcast, former President Woodrow Wilson calls the country's isolationist attitude after the war "cowardly and dishonorable."[29]
  • Erich Ludendorff was released on parole when he gave his word that he would not participate in any more revolutionary activities. Reports circulated that he had committed suicide immediately thereafter.[30][31]
  • Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany ended his exile in the Netherlands and crossed back onto German soil. Dutch authorities had informed him that he would not be allowed to return to Holland as a refugee again. Wilhelm went straight to Hanover and visited retired Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg.[32]

November 11, 1923 (Sunday)

November 12, 1923 (Monday)

November 13, 1923 (Tuesday)

November 14, 1923 (Wednesday)

  • Germany suspended the payment of its reparations, explaining that France and Belgium had broken the Treaty of Versailles by occupying the Ruhr and that payment would not resume until they left.[34][35]
  • General Hans von Seeckt ordered that after tomorrow, all Berlin cafés, halls and cabarets must freely admit the city's poor and cold in order to warm themselves. Failure to comply would mean the government would use the establishments exclusively as warming halls.[36]
  • Died: Ernest Augustus, Crown Prince of Hanover, 78

November 15, 1923 (Thursday)

November 16, 1923 (Friday)

  • British Parliament was dissolved as Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin called a snap election to be held in three week's time, explaining he wanted a mandate before implementing a new protectionist tariff policy.[40]
  • A Swiss court acquitted Maurice Conradi of the assassination of Vatslav Vorovsky, angering the Soviet Union.[2]
  • Benito Mussolini said in a Senate speech that "The Italian government cannot give its approval to any further occupation of German territory. One must have the courage to say that the German people cannot be destroyed. They are a people which has known civilization and which may tomorrow be an integral part of European civilization."[41]

November 17, 1923 (Saturday)

November 18, 1923 (Sunday)

November 19, 1923 (Monday)

November 20, 1923 (Tuesday)

November 21, 1923 (Wednesday)

November 22, 1923 (Thursday)

November 23, 1923 (Friday)

November 24, 1923 (Saturday)

November 25, 1923 (Sunday)

November 26, 1923 (Monday)

November 27, 1923 (Tuesday)

November 28, 1923 (Wednesday)

November 29, 1923 (Thursday)

November 30, 1923 (Friday)

gollark: Which is an also-not-so-good music bot which happens to have been developed by a freinidi (on the internet) of mine.
gollark: Sadly, this music bot is BAD and cannot stream osmarks internet radio™, unlike Vinyl.
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gollark: ~skip

References

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  2. "Chronology 1923". indiana.edu. 2002. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  3. Seldes, George (February 5, 1923). "French Invade Baden; Seize Rail Centers". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  4. Clayton, John (November 3, 1923). "Socialist Bolt Speeds Nation to a Monarchy". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  5. "Germany – The Republic in Crisis 1920–1923". The World War. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  6. Large, David Clay (2000). Berlin. Basic Books. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-465-02632-6.
  7. "Lloyd George Utters Eloquent Goodbye To Thousands Who Hear His Parting Address Prior to Sailing for Home". Bakersfield Morning Echo. Bakersfield, California. November 3, 1923. pp. 1, 7.
  8. "Final Plea by Lloyd George: U.S. Must Help". Chicago Daily Tribune: 1–2. November 3, 1923.
  9. Lindgren, Homer (1930). Modern Speeches. New York: F.S. Crofts & Co.
  10. Craig, Elizabeth (November 4, 1923). "Swedish Prince Marries Cousin of King George". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
  11. "Police Strike in Melbourne, Take 2 Lives". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 5, 1923. p. 3.
  12. Porter, David L. (1995). African-American Sports Greats: A Biographical Dictionary. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-313-28987-3.
  13. Rue, Larry (November 5, 1923). "Bavaria Takes Monarchy Out of Moth Balls". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 4.
  14. Thomsett, Michael C. (1997). The German Opposition to Hitler: The Resistance, the Underground, and Assassination Plots, 1938–1945. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-7864-0372-1.
  15. Walker, Bertha. "The Police Strike 1923". Solidarity Forever! The Life & Times of Percy Laidler. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  16. Clayton, John (November 6, 1923). "Storm Berlin Bourse; Raid Jews' Homes". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  17. "Swiss Slayer of Soviet Leader on Trial Today". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 5, 1923. p. 4.
  18. "Klan Emperor's Aide Slain". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 6, 1923. p. 1.
  19. Clayton, John (November 7, 1923). "Germans Called to Arms to Beat Royalists' Coup". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 5.
  20. Steele, John (November 8, 1923). "Britain Plans Tariff on U.S.". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  21. Steele, John (November 8, 1923). "U.S. Can Board Rum Smugglers Beyond 12 Miles". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
  22. "The Beer Hall Putsch". The History Place. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  23. Krueger, Marcel (November 9, 2014). "Nov 9, 1923: Hitler's Beerhall Putsch". Slow Travel Berlin. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  24. Fest, Joachim C. (1974). Hitler. Harvest. pp. 185–190. ISBN 978-0-544-19554-7.
  25. Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 311. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  26. Jablonsky, David (1989). The Nazi Party in Dissolution: Hitler and the Verbotzeit 1923–25. Routledge. p. 183. ISBN 978-1-135-17822-2.
  27. Mühlberger, Detlef (2003). The Social Bases of Nazism, 1919–1933. Cambridge University Press. p. 39. ISBN 978-0-521-00372-8.
  28. Steele, John (November 10, 1923). "London Roars Big Welcome to Lloyd George". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 6.
  29. "U.S. Course Ignoble – Wilson". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 11, 1923. p. 1.
  30. "Ludendorff is Free on Parole". Laredo Weekly Times. Laredo, Texas. November 11, 1923. p. 1.
  31. "Gen. Ludendorff Takes Own Life, Berlin Report". Chicago Daily Tribune: 2. November 11, 1923.
  32. Clayton, John (November 11, 1923). "Crown Prince Returns; Eyes German Throne". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  33. Wales, Henry (November 14, 1923). "British Hint at Bolt as France Asks New Quiz". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  34. "Daily News Year End Review – 1923". CanadaGenWeb.org. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  35. "Berlin Scraps Peace Treaty". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 15, 1923. p. 1.
  36. "Orders Berlin Cafes to Let Poor Enter to Get Warm". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 15, 1923. p. 1.
  37. Smitha, Frank E. (2013). "1923". Macrohistory and World Timeline. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  38. Lewis, Nathan (June 9, 2011). "In Hyperinflation's Aftermath, How Germany Went Back to Gold". Forbes. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  39. Brown, Parke (November 16, 1923). "Johnson to Race Coolidge". Chicago Daily Tribune. pp. 1–2.
  40. Seaman, L.C.B. (2005). Post Victorian Britain 1902–1951. Methuen & Co. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-134-95491-9.
  41. "Britain Backed By Italy, Tells France Go Slow". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 17, 1923. pp. 1–2.
  42. Sheean, Vicent (November 18, 1923). "Ruhr Hungry Riot; 138 Fall". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  43. "Zev Conquers In Memoriam by Nose Finish". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 18, 1923. p. Part 2 p. 1.
  44. Gamache, Ray (2010). A History of Sports Highlights: Replayed Plays from Edison to ESPN. McFarland. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-7864-5664-2.
  45. Paxton, Robert O. (2004). The Anatomy of Fascism. New York: Vintage Books. p. 109. ISBN 978-0-307-42812-7.
  46. Gibson, Arrell Morgan (1984). The History of Oklahoma. University of Oklahoma Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-8061-1883-3.
  47. "Convict and Oust Governor Walton". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 20, 1923. p. 1.
  48. "Frank Goddard". BoxRec. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  49. Wales, Henry (November 23, 1923). "Divorce for Mrs. Corey in Paris Court". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  50. Owen, Bernard; Rodriguez-McKey, Maria (2013). Proportional Western Europe: The Failure of Governance. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 206. ISBN 978-1-137-37437-0.
  51. Lane, A.T. (1995). Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders, Volume 1. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-313-26456-6.
  52. "66,000 Watch Army and Navy Battle 0 to 0". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 25, 1923. p. Part 2, p. 1.
  53. "Successor to Walton Wants Law for Klan". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 25, 1923. p. 4.
  54. Clayton, John (November 26, 1923). "Dr. Albert Heads German Cabinet; Reichstag to Go". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
  55. Clayton, John (November 28, 1923). "Snuff Reds as Nationalists Rule Germany". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
  56. "Another German "Bites the Dust" as Chancellor". Chicago Daily Tribune. November 29, 1923. p. 5.
  57. "Laugh, Clown, Laugh!". Playbill Vault. Playbill, Inc. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
  58. Clayton, John (November 30, 1923). "Wilhelm Marx Tries to Form Berlin Cabinet". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 3.
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