December 25
December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. Six days remain until the end of the year.
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| December 25 in recent years |
| 2019 (Wednesday) |
| 2018 (Tuesday) |
| 2017 (Monday) |
| 2016 (Sunday) |
| 2015 (Friday) |
| 2014 (Thursday) |
| 2013 (Wednesday) |
| 2012 (Tuesday) |
| 2011 (Sunday) |
| 2010 (Saturday) |
Events
- 36 – Forces of Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han, under the command of Wu Han, conquer the separatist Chengjia empire, reuniting China.[1]
- 274 – A temple to Sol Invictus is dedicated in Rome by Emperor Aurelian.[2]
- 333 – Roman Emperor Constantine the Great elevates his youngest son Constans to the rank of Caesar.
- 336 – First documentary sign of Christmas celebration in Rome.
- 350 – Vetranio meets Constantius II at Naissus (Serbia) and is forced to abdicate his title (Caesar). Constantius allows him to live as a private citizen on a state pension.
- 508 – Clovis I, king of the Franks, is baptized into the Catholic faith at Reims, by Saint Remigius.
- 597 – Augustine of Canterbury and his fellow-labourers baptise in Kent more than 10,000 Anglo-Saxons.
- 800 – The coronation of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor, in Rome.
- 1000 – The foundation of the Kingdom of Hungary: Hungary is established as a Christian kingdom by Stephen I of Hungary.
- 1013 – Sweyn Forkbeard takes control of the Danelaw and is proclaimed king of England.
- 1025 – Coronation of Mieszko II Lambert as king of Poland.
- 1066 – William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy is crowned king of England, at Westminster Abbey, London.
- 1076 – Coronation of Bolesław II the Generous as king of Poland.
- 1100 – Baldwin of Boulogne is crowned the first King of Jerusalem in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem.
- 1130 – Count Roger II of Sicily is crowned the first king of Sicily.[3]
- 1261 – Eleven-year-old John IV Laskaris of the restored Eastern Roman Empire is deposed and blinded by orders of his co-ruler Michael VIII Palaiologos.
- 1492 – The carrack Santa María, commanded by Christopher Columbus, runs onto a reef off Haiti due to an improper watch.
- 1553 – Battle of Tucapel: Mapuche rebels under Lautaro defeat the Spanish conquistadors and executes the governor of Chile, Pedro de Valdivia.
- 1559 – Pope Pius IV is elected.
- 1758 – Halley's Comet is sighted by Johann Georg Palitzsch, confirming Edmund Halley's prediction of its passage. This was the first passage of a comet predicted ahead of time.
- 1766 – Mapuches in Chile launch a series of surprise attacks against the Spanish starting the Mapuche uprising of 1766.[4]
- 1776 – George Washington and the Continental Army cross the Delaware River at night to attack Hessian forces serving Great Britain at Trenton, New Jersey, the next day.
- 1793 – General "Mad Anthony" Wayne and a 300 man detachment identify the site of St. Clair's 1791 defeat by the large number of unburied human remains at modern Fort Recovery, Ohio.
- 1809 – Dr. Ephraim McDowell performs the first ovariotomy, removing a 22-pound tumor.
- 1814 – Rev. Samuel Marsden holds the first Christian service on land in New Zealand at Rangihoua Bay.
- 1815 – The Handel and Haydn Society, oldest continually performing arts organization in the United States, gives its first performance.
- 1826 – The Eggnog Riot at the United States Military Academy concludes after beginning the previous evening.
- 1831 – The Great Jamaican Slave Revolt begins; up to 20% of Jamaica's slaves mobilize in an ultimately unsuccessful fight for freedom.
- 1837 – Second Seminole War: American general Zachary Taylor leads 1,100 troops against the Seminoles at the Battle of Lake Okeechobee.
- 1868 – Pardons for ex-Confederates: United States President Andrew Johnson grants an unconditional pardon to all Confederate veterans.
- 1914 – A series of unofficial truces occur across the Western Front to celebrate Christmas.
- 1932 – A magnitude 7.6 earthquake in Gansu, China kills 275 people.
- 1941 – Admiral Chester W. Nimitz arrives at Pearl Harbor to assume command of the U.S. Pacific Fleet.
- 1941 – World War II: Battle of Hong Kong ends, beginning the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong.
- 1941 – Admiral Émile Muselier seizes the archipelago of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, which become the first part of France to be liberated by the Free French Forces.
- 1946 – The first European self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction is initiated within the Soviet Union's F-1 nuclear reactor.
- 1950 – The Stone of Scone, traditional coronation stone of British monarchs, is taken from Westminster Abbey by Scottish nationalist students. It later turns up in Scotland on April 11, 1951.
- 1951 – A bomb explodes at the home of Harry T. Moore and Harriette V. S. Moore, early leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, killing Harry instantly and fatally wounding Harriette.[5]
- 1962 – The Soviet Union conducts its final above-ground nuclear weapon test, in anticipation of the 1963 Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.
- 1963 – Turkish Cypriot Bayrak Radio begins transmitting in Cyprus after Turkish Cypriots are forcibly excluded from Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation.
- 1968 – Apollo program: Apollo 8 performs the first successful Trans-Earth injection (TEI) maneuver, sending the crew and spacecraft on a trajectory back to Earth from Lunar orbit.
- 1968 – Kilvenmani massacre: Forty-four Dalits (untouchables) are burnt to death in Kizhavenmani village, Tamil Nadu, a retaliation for a campaign for higher wages by Dalit laborers.
- 1976 – EgyptAir Flight 664, a Boeing 707-366C, crashes on approach to Don Mueang International Airport, killing 71 people.[6]
- 1977 – Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin meets in Egypt with its president Anwar Sadat.
- 1989 – Romanian Revolution: Deposed President of Romania Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife, Elena, are condemned to death and executed after a summary trial.
- 1991 – Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as President of the Soviet Union (the union itself is dissolved the next day). Ukraine's referendum is finalized and Ukraine officially leaves the Soviet Union.
- 2003 – UTAGE Flight 141, a Boeing 727-223, crashes at the Cotonou Airport in Benin, killing 141 people.
- 2003 – The ill-fated Beagle 2 probe, released from the Mars Express spacecraft on December 19, stops transmitting shortly before its scheduled landing.
- 2004 – The Cassini orbiter releases Huygens probe which successfully landed on Saturn's moon Titan on January 14, 2005.
- 2012 – An Antonov An-72 plane crashes close to the city of Shymkent, killing 27 people.
- 2016 – A Russian Defence Ministry Tupolev Tu-154 carrying members of the Alexandrov Ensemble crashes into the Black Sea shortly after takeoff, killing all 92 people on board.
- 2019 – Twenty people are killed and thousands are left homeless by Typhoon Phanfone in the Philippines.[7]
Births
- 1250 – John IV Laskaris, Byzantine emperor (d. 1305)
- 1281 – Alice de Lacy, 4th Countess of Lincoln (d. 1348)
- 1400 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1487)
- 1424 – Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France (d. 1445)
- 1461 – Christina of Saxony, Queen consort of Denmark (d. 1521)
- 1490 – Francesco Marinoni, Italian Roman Catholic priest (d. 1562)
- 1493 – Antoinette de Bourbon, French noblewoman (d. 1583)
- 1505 – Christine of Saxony, German noblewoman (d. 1549)
- 1564 – Johannes Buxtorf, German Calvinist theologian (d. 1629)
- 1583 – Orlando Gibbons, English organist and composer (d. 1625)
- 1584 – Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain (d. 1611)
- 1601 – Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha (d. 1675)
- 1628 – Noël Coypel, French painter and educator (d. 1707)
- 1642 (OS) – Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician (d. 1726/1727)
- 1652 – Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician, anatomist, and scholar (d. 1713)
- 1665 – Lady Grizel Baillie, Scottish-English poet and songwriter (d. 1746)
- 1674 – Thomas Halyburton, Scottish minister and theologian (d. 1712)
- 1686 – Giovanni Battista Somis, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1763)
- 1700 – Leopold II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (d. 1758)
- 1711 – Jean-Joseph de Mondonville, French violinist and composer (d. 1772)
- 1716 – Johann Jakob Reiske, German physician and scholar (d. 1774)
- 1717 – Pope Pius VI (d. 1799)
- 1728 – Johann Adam Hiller, German composer and conductor (d. 1804)
- 1730 – Philip Mazzei, Italian-American physician and philosopher (d. 1816)
- 1745 – Chevalier de Saint-Georges, Caribbean-French violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 1799)
- 1757 – Benjamin Pierce, American general and politician, 17th Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1839)
- 1766 – Christmas Evans, Welsh Nonconformist preacher (d. 1838)
- 1771 – Dorothy Wordsworth, English diarist and poet (d. 1855)
- 1776 – Sydney, Lady Morgan, Irish author and poet (d. 1859)
- 1810 – L. L. Langstroth, American apiarist, clergyman and teacher (d. 1895)
- 1821 – Clara Barton, American nurse and humanitarian, founder of the American Red Cross (d. 1912)
- 1825 – Stephen F. Chadwick, American lawyer and politician, 5th Governor of Oregon (d. 1895)
- 1829 – Patrick Gilmore, Irish-American composer and bandleader (d. 1892)
- 1856 – Pud Galvin, American baseball player and manager (d. 1902)
- 1861 – Madan Mohan Malaviya, Indian educator, lawyer, and politician, President of the Indian National Congress (d. 1946)
- 1865 – Evangeline Booth, English 4th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1950)
- 1869 – Charles Finger, English-American journalist and author (d. 1941)
- 1870 – Helena Rubinstein, Polish-American businesswoman and philanthropist (d. 1965)
- 1873 – Otto Frederick Hunziker, Swiss-American agriculturalist and educator (d. 1959)
- 1874 – Lina Cavalieri, Italian soprano and actress (d. 1944)
- 1875 – Francis Aveling, Canadian psychologist and priest (d. 1941)
- 1875 – Theodor Innitzer, Austrian cardinal (d. 1955)
- 1876 – Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Indian-Pakistani lawyer and politician, 1st Governor-General of Pakistan (d. 1948)
- 1876 – Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1959)
- 1878 – Louis Chevrolet, Swiss-American race car driver and businessman, co-founded Chevrolet (d. 1941)
- 1878 – Noël, Countess of Rothes, philanthropist, social leader and heroine of Titanic disaster (d. 1956)
- 1878 – Joseph M. Schenck, Russian-American film producer (d. 1961)
- 1883 – Hugo Bergmann, Czech-Israeli philosopher and academic (d. 1975)
- 1883 – Hana Meisel, Belarusian-Israeli agronomist and politician (d. 1972)
- 1884 – Samuel Berger, American boxer (d. 1925)
- 1884 – Evelyn Nesbit, American model and actress (d. 1967)
- 1886 – Malak Hifni Nasif, Egyptian poet and activist (d. 1918)
- 1886 – Kid Ory, American trombonist and bandleader (d. 1973)
- 1887 – Conrad Hilton, American entrepreneur (d. 1979)
- 1889 – Lila Bell Wallace, American publisher and philanthropist, co-founded Reader's Digest (d. 1984)
- 1890 – Noel Odell, English geologist and mountaineer (d. 1987)
- 1890 – Robert Ripley, American anthropologist and publisher (d. 1949)
- 1891 – Kenneth Arthur Noel Anderson, Indian-English general and politician, Governor of Gibraltar (d. 1959)
- 1891 – Clarrie Grimmett, New Zealand-Australian cricketer (d. 1980)
- 1899 – Humphrey Bogart, American actor (d. 1957)
- 1901 – Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (d. 2004)
- 1902 – Barton MacLane, American actor, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1969)
- 1902 – William Bell, American tuba player and educator (d. 1971)
- 1903 – Antiochos Evangelatos, Greek composer and conductor (d. 1981)
- 1904 – Gerhard Herzberg, German-Canadian physicist and chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- 1906 – Lew Grade, Baron Grade, Ukrainian-English film producer (d. 1998)
- 1906 – Ernst Ruska, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988)
- 1907 – Cab Calloway, American singer-songwriter and bandleader (d. 1994)
- 1907 – Mike Mazurki, Ukrainian-American wrestler and actor (d. 1990)
- 1907 – Glenn McCarthy, American businessman, founded the Shamrock Hotel (d. 1988)
- 1908 – Quentin Crisp, English author and illustrator (d. 1999)
- 1908 – Ernest L. Massad, American general (d. 1993)
- 1908 – Jo-Jo Moore, American baseball player (d. 2001)
- 1909 – Zora Arkus-Duntov, Belgian-American engineer (d. 1996)
- 1911 – Louise Bourgeois, French-American sculptor and painter (d. 2010)
- 1913 – Candy Candido, American singer, bass player, and voice actor (d. 1999)
- 1913 – Tony Martin, American singer (d. 2012)
- 1914 – James Fletcher Jnr, New Zealand businessman (d. 2007)
- 1914 – Oscar Lewis, American anthropologist of Latin America (d. 1970)
- 1915 – Pete Rugolo, Italian-American composer and producer (d. 2011)
- 1916 – Ahmed Ben Bella, Algerian soldier and politician, 1st President of Algeria (d. 2012)
- 1917 – Arseny Mironov, Russian scientist, engineer, pilot, oldest active researcher in aircraft aerodynamics and flight testing (d. 2019)
- 1917 – Lincoln Verduga Loor, Ecuadorian journalist and politician (d. 2009)
- 1918 – Anwar Sadat, Egyptian lieutenant and politician, 3rd President of Egypt, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
- 1919 – Naushad Ali, Indian composer and director (d. 2006)
- 1919 – Paul David, Canadian cardiologist and politician, founded the Montreal Heart Institute (d. 1999)
- 1921 – Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah, Indian-Pakistani journalist and author (d. 2000)
- 1921 – Steve Otto, Polish-Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1989)
- 1922 – William Demby, American author (d. 2013)
- 1923 – René Girard, French-American historian, philosopher, and critic (d. 2015)
- 1923 – Louis Lane, American conductor and educator (d. 2016)
- 1924 – Rod Serling, American screenwriter and producer, created The Twilight Zone (d. 1975)
- 1924 – Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Indian poet and politician, 10th Prime Minister of India (d. 2018)
- 1925 – Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian-American anthropologist and author (d. 1998)
- 1925 – Ned Garver, American baseball player (d. 2017)
- 1925 – Sam Pollock, Canadian businessman (d. 2007)
- 1926 – Enrique Jorrín, Cuban violinist and composer (d. 1987)
- 1927 – Nellie Fox, American baseball player and coach (d. 1975)
- 1927 – Leo Kubiak, American basketball and baseball player
- 1927 – Ram Narayan, Indian sarangi player
- 1928 – Irish McCalla, American actress and model (d. 2002)
- 1928 – Dick Miller, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2019)
- 1929 – Christine M. Jones, American educator and politician (d. 2013)
- 1929 – China Machado, Chinese-born Portuguese-American fashion model, editor and television producer (d. 2016)
- 1930 – Emmanuel Agassi, Iranian-American boxer and coach
- 1930 – Armenak Alachachian, Armenian basketball player and coach (d. 2017)
- 1932 – Mabel King, American actress and singer (d. 1999)
- 1933 – Basil Heatley, English runner (d. 2019)
- 1935 – Sadiq al-Mahdi, Sudanese politician, Prime Minister of Sudan
- 1935 – Stephen Barnett, American scholar and academic (d. 2009)
- 1935 – Jeanne Hopkins Lucas, American educator and politician (d. 2007)
- 1936 – Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy
- 1936 – Ismail Merchant, Indian-English director and producer (d. 2005)
- 1937 – O'Kelly Isley Jr., American R&B/soul singer-songwriter (d. 1986)
- 1938 – Duane Armstrong, American painter
- 1938 – Noel Picard, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2017)
- 1939 – Ghulam Ahmad Bilour, Pakistani businessman and politician
- 1939 – Bob James, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
- 1939 – Akong Rinpoche, Tibetan-Chinese spiritual leader (d. 2013)
- 1940 – Hilary Spurling, English journalist and author
- 1941 – Kenneth Calman, Scottish physician and academic
- 1942 – Françoise Dürr, French tennis player and coach
- 1942 – Barbara Follett, English politician
- 1942 – Barry Goldberg, American keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
- 1942 – Enrique Morente, Spanish singer-songwriter (d. 2010)
- 1943 – Wilson Fittipaldi Júnior, Brazilian race car driver and businessman
- 1943 – Hanna Schygulla, German actress
- 1944 – Kenny Everett, British comedian and broadcaster (d. 1995)
- 1944 – Jairzinho, Brazilian footballer
- 1944 – Sam Strahan, New Zealand rugby player (d. 2019)
- 1945 – Rick Berman, American screenwriter and producer
- 1945 – Eve Pollard, English journalist and author
- 1945 – Mike Pringle, Zambian-Scottish lawyer and politician
- 1945 – Noel Redding, English singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2003)
- 1945 – Ken Stabler, American football player and sportscaster (d. 2015)
- 1946 – Jimmy Buffett, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor
- 1946 – Larry Csonka, American football player and sportscaster
- 1946 – Christopher Frayling, English author and academic
- 1946 – Gene Lamont, American baseball player and manager
- 1948 – Kay Hymowitz, American sociologist and writer
- 1948 – Barbara Mandrell, American singer-songwriter and actress
- 1948 – Joel Santana, Brazilian footballer and manager
- 1949 – Simone Bittencourt de Oliveira, Brazilian singer
- 1949 – Nawaz Sharif, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Pakistan
- 1949 – Sissy Spacek, American actress
- 1950 – Peter Boardman, English mountaineer and author (d. 1982)
- 1950 – Karl Rove, American political strategist and activist
- 1950 – Manny Trillo, Venezuelan baseball player and manager
- 1952 – Tolossa Kotu, Ethiopian runner and coach
- 1952 – CCH Pounder, Guyanese-American actress
- 1953 – Kaarlo Maaninka, Finnish runner
- 1954 – Annie Lennox, Scottish singer-songwriter and pianist
- 1957 – Mansoor Akhtar, Pakistani cricketer
- 1957 – Chris Kamara, English footballer and sportscaster
- 1957 – Shane MacGowan, English-Irish singer-songwriter
- 1958 – Cheryl Chase, American voice actress and singer
- 1958 – Hanford Dixon, American football player, coach, and sportscaster
- 1958 – Rickey Henderson, American baseball player and coach
- 1958 – Konstantin Kinchev, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1958 – Alannah Myles, Canadian singer-songwriter and actress
- 1959 – Michael P. Anderson, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003)
- 1959 – Ramdas Athawale, Indian poet and politician
- 1961 – Íngrid Betancourt, Colombian political scientist and politician
- 1962 – Francis Dunnery, English musician
- 1964 – Ian Bostridge, English tenor
- 1964 – Gary McAllister, Scottish footballer and manager
- 1964 – Kevin Simms, English rugby player
- 1964 – Bob Stanley, English keyboard player, songwriter, producer, and journalist
- 1965 – Ed Davey, English politician, Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change
- 1965 – David Rath, Czech physician and politician
- 1966 – Toshi Arai, Japanese race car driver
- 1967 – Jason Thirsk, American bass player (d. 1996)
- 1968 – Helena Christensen, Danish model and actress
- 1968 – Jim Dowd, American ice hockey player
- 1969 – Nicolas Godin, French musician
- 1969 – Noel Goldthorpe, Australian rugby league player
- 1969 – Frederick Onyancha, Kenyan runner
- 1970 – Emmanuel Amunike, Nigerian footballer and manager
- 1970 – Rodney Dent, American basketball player
- 1971 – Dido, English singer-songwriter
- 1971 – Justin Trudeau, Canadian educator and politician, 23rd Prime Minister of Canada
- 1972 – Mac Powell, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1972 – Qu Yunxia, Chinese runner
- 1973 – Robbie Elliott, English footballer and coach
- 1973 – Chris Harris, American wrestler
- 1973 – Daisuke Miura, Japanese baseball player and coach
- 1973 – Alexandre Trudeau, Canadian journalist and director
- 1975 – Daniel Mustard, American singer-songwriter
- 1975 – Hideki Okajima, Japanese baseball player
- 1975 – Choi Sung-yong, South Korean footballer and manager
- 1975 – Marcus Trescothick, English cricketer
- 1976 – Tuomas Holopainen, Finnish keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
- 1976 – Tim James, American basketball player and coach
- 1976 – Atko Väikmeri, Estonian footballer
- 1976 – Armin van Buuren, Dutch DJ and record producer
- 1977 – Israel Vázquez, Mexican boxer
- 1977 – Ali Tandoğan, Turkish footballer
- 1978 – Simon Jones, Welsh cricketer
- 1978 – Joel Porter, Australian footballer and manager
- 1978 – Jeremy Strong, American actor
- 1979 – Ferman Akgül, Turkish singer-songwriter
- 1979 – Laurent Bonnart, French footballer
- 1979 – Robert Huff, English race car driver
- 1979 – Hyun Young-min, South Korean footballer
- 1980 – Marcus Trufant, American football player
- 1980 – Laura Sadler, English actress (d. 2003)
- 1981 – Trenesha Biggers, American wrestler and model
- 1981 – Christian Holst, Danish-Faroese footballer
- 1981 – Willy Taveras, Dominican baseball player
- 1982 – Shawn Andrews, American football player
- 1982 – Rob Edwards, Welsh footballer
- 1982 – Ethan Kath, Canadian keyboard player, songwriter and producer
- 1982 – Chris Rene, American singer-songwriter and producer
- 1984 – Chris Cahill, Samoan footballer
- 1984 – Alastair Cook, English cricketer
- 1984 – Jessica Origliasso, Australian singer, actress, and fashion designer
- 1984 – Lisa Origliasso, Australian singer, actress, and fashion designer
- 1984 – Chris Richard, American basketball player
- 1985 – Martin Mathathi, Kenyan runner
- 1985 – Rusev, Bulgarian-American professional wrestler
- 1987 – Ceyhun Gülselam, Turkish footballer
- 1987 – Demaryius Thomas, American football player[8]
- 1988 – Joãozinho, Brazilian footballer[9]
- 1988 – Eric Gordon, American basketball player[10]
- 1988 – Lukas Hinds-Johnson, German rugby player[11]
- 1992 – Mitakeumi Hisashi, Japanese sumo wrestler[12]
Deaths
- 304 – Saint Anastasia
- 795 – Pope Adrian I (b. 700)
- 936 – Zhang Jingda, general of Later Tang
- 940 – Makan ibn Kaki, Iranian general
- 1147 – Guy II, Count of Ponthieu (b. c. 1120)
- 1156 – Peter the Venerable, French abbot and saint (b. 1092)
- 1156 – Sverker the Elder, king of Sweden
- 1294 – Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania
- 1395 – Elisabeth, Countess of Neuchâtel, Swiss ruler
- 1406 – Henry III of Castile (b. 1379)
- 1505 – George Grey, 2nd Earl of Kent, English politician (b. 1454)
- 1553 – Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish explorer and politician, 1st Royal Governor of Chile (b. 1500)
- 1634 – Lettice Knollys, English noblewoman (b. 1540)
- 1635 – Samuel de Champlain, French soldier, geographer, and explorer (b. 1567)
- 1676 – William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire (b. 1592)
- 1676 – Matthew Hale, English lawyer and jurist, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (b. 1609)
- 1683 – Kara Mustafa Pasha, Ottoman general and politician, 111th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1634)
- 1730 – Henry Scott, 1st Earl of Deloraine, Scottish peer and general (b. 1676)
- 1758 – James Hervey, English priest and author (b. 1714)
- 1784 – Yosa Buson, Japanese poet and painter (b. 1716)
- 1796 – Velu Nachiyar, Queen of Sivagangai (b. 1730)
- 1824 – Barbara von Krüdener, German mystic and author (b. 1764)
- 1868 – Linus Yale, Jr., American engineer and businessman (b. 1821)
- 1875 – Young Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (b. 1851)
- 1880 – Fridolin Anderwert, Swiss lawyer and politician, President of the Swiss National Council (b. 1828)
- 1824 – William Lawless, Irish revolutionary, later French Army general (b. 1772)
- 1916 – Albert Chmielowski, Polish saint, founded the Albertine Brothers (b. 1845)
- 1921 – Vladimir Korolenko, Russian journalist, author, and activist (b. 1853)
- 1925 – Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst and author (b. 1877)
- 1926 – Emperor Taishō of Japan (b. 1879)
- 1928 – Miles Burke, American boxer (b. 1885)
- 1930 – Jakob Mändmets, Estonian journalist and author (b. 1871)
- 1933 – Francesc Macià, Catalan colonel and politician, 122nd President of Catalonia (b. 1859)
- 1935 – Paul Bourget, French author and critic (b. 1852)
- 1938 – Karel Čapek, Czech author and playwright (b. 1890)
- 1940 – Agnes Ayres, American actress (b. 1898)
- 1941 – Richard S. Aldrich, American lawyer and politician (b. 1884)
- 1944 – George Steer, South African-English journalist and author (b. 1909)
- 1946 – W. C. Fields, American actor, comedian, juggler, and screenwriter (b. 1880)
- 1947 – Gaspar G. Bacon, American lawyer and politician, 51st Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1886)
- 1949 – Leon Schlesinger, American animator and producer, founded Warner Bros. Cartoons (b. 1884)
- 1950 – Neil Francis Hawkins, English politician (b. 1903)
- 1952 – Margrethe Mather, American photographer (b. 1886)
- 1953 – Patsy Donovan, Irish-American baseball player and manager (b. 1865)
- 1953 – William Haselden, British cartoonist (b. 1872)
- 1956 – Robert Walser, Swiss author and playwright (b. 1878)
- 1957 – Charles Pathé, French record producer, founded Pathé Records (b. 1863)
- 1961 – Owen Brewster, American captain, lawyer, and politician, 54th Governor of Maine (b. 1888)
- 1961 – Otto Loewi, German-American pharmacologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1873)
- 1963 – Tristan Tzara, Romanian-French poet, playwright, painter, and critic (b. 1896)
- 1970 – Michael Peto, Hungarian-English photographer and journalist (b. 1908)
- 1973 – İsmet İnönü, Turkish general and politician, 2nd President of Turkey (b. 1884)
- 1973 – Gabriel Voisin, French pilot and engineer (b. 1880)
- 1975 – Gaston Gallimard, French publisher, founded Éditions Gallimard (b. 1881)
- 1975 – Gunnar Kangro, Estonian mathematician and author (b. 1913)
- 1977 – Charlie Chaplin, English actor and director (b. 1889)
- 1979 – Joan Blondell, American actress and singer (b. 1906)
- 1979 – Jordi Bonet, Canadian painter and sculptor (b. 1932)
- 1980 – Fred Emney, English actor and comedian (b. 1900)
- 1983 – Joan Miró, Spanish painter and sculptor (b. 1893)
- 1988 – Shōhei Ōoka, Japanese author and critic (b. 1909)
- 1988 – Edward Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle, English entomologist and lepidopterist (b. 1920)
- 1989 – Benny Binion, American poker player and businessman (b. 1904)
- 1989 – Elena Ceaușescu, Romanian politician, First Lady of Romania (b. 1916)
- 1989 – Nicolae Ceaușescu, Romanian general and politician, 1st President of Romania (b. 1918)
- 1989 – Betty Garde, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1989 – Frederick F. Houser, American judge and politician, 34th Lieutenant Governor of California (b. 1905)
- 1989 – Billy Martin, American baseball player and manager (b. 1928)
- 1989 – Robert Pirosh, American director and screenwriter (b. 1910)
- 1991 – Wilbur Snyder, American football player and wrestler (b. 1929)
- 1992 – Monica Dickens, British-American nurse and author (b. 1915)
- 1993 – Pierre Victor Auger, French physicist and academic (b. 1899)
- 1994 – Zail Singh, Indian politician, 7th President of India (b. 1916)
- 1995 – Emmanuel Levinas, Lithuanian-French philosopher and academic (b. 1906)
- 1995 – Dean Martin, American singer and actor (b. 1917)
- 1995 – Chang Kee-ryo, Korean surgeon (b. 1914)
- 1996 – Bill Hewitt, Canadian sportscaster (b. 1928)
- 1997 – Anatoli Boukreev, Kazakh mountaineer and explorer (b. 1958)
- 1997 – Denver Pyle, American actor (b. 1920)
- 2000 – Neil Hawke, Australian cricketer and footballer (b. 1939)
- 2000 – Willard Van Orman Quine, American philosopher and academic (b. 1908)
- 2001 – Alfred A. Tomatis, French otolaryngologist and academic (b. 1920)
- 2003 – Nicholas Mavroules, American politician (b. 1929)
- 2004 – Gennadi Strekalov, Russian engineer and astronaut (b. 1940)
- 2005 – Derek Bailey, English guitarist (b. 1930)
- 2005 – Robert Barbers, Filipino police officer, lawyer, and politician, 15th Filipino Secretary of the Interior (b. 1944)
- 2005 – Birgit Nilsson, Swedish operatic soprano (b. 1918)
- 2005 – Joseph Pararajasingham, Sri Lankan journalist, businessman, and politician (b. 1934)
- 2006 – James Brown, American singer-songwriter (b. 1933)
- 2007 – Des Barrick, English cricketer (b. 1927)
- 2007 – Jim Beauchamp, American baseball player and coach (b. 1939)
- 2008 – Eartha Kitt, American singer and actress (b. 1927)
- 2009 – Vic Chesnutt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1964)
- 2010 – Carlos Andrés Pérez, Venezuelan politician, 66th President of Venezuela (b. 1922)
- 2011 – Giorgio Bocca, Italian journalist (b. 1920)
- 2011 – Jim Sherwood, American saxophonist (b. 1942)
- 2011 – Simms Taback, American author and illustrator (b. 1932)
- 2012 – Erico Aumentado, Filipino journalist, lawyer, and politician (b. 1940)
- 2012 – Halfdan Hegtun, Norwegian radio host and politician (b. 1918)
- 2012 – Joe Krivak, American football player and coach (b. 1935)
- 2012 – Turki bin Sultan, Saudi Arabian politician (b. 1959)
- 2012 – Şerafettin Elçi, Turkish lawyer, politician, government minister (b. 1938)
- 2013 – Anthony J. Bryant, American historian and author (b. 1961)
- 2013 – David R. Harris, English geographer, anthropologist, archaeologist and academic (b. 1930)
- 2013 – Wayne Harrison, English footballer (b. 1967)
- 2013 – Mike Hegan, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1942)
- 2013 – Lola Lange, Canadian rural feminist and appointee to the Royal Commission on the Status of Women (b. 1922)[13]
- 2013 – Mel Mathay, Filipino politician, 8th Mayor of Quezon City (b. 1932)
- 2014 – Ricardo Porro, Cuban-French architect (b. 1925)
- 2014 – Geoff Pullar, English cricketer (b. 1935)
- 2014 – David Ryall, English actor (b. 1935)
- 2015 – George Clayton Johnson, American author and screenwriter (b. 1929)
- 2015 – Dorothy M. Murdock, American author and historian (b. 1961)
- 2016 – Valery Khalilov, Russian military musician and composer (b. 1952)
- 2016 – George Michael, British singer and songwriter (b. 1963)
- 2016 – Vera Rubin, American astronomer (b. 1928)
- 2017 – D. Herbert Lipson, American magazine publisher (Philadelphia, Boston)
- 2018 – Sulagitti Narasamma, Indian midwife (b. 1920)[14]
- 2019 – Ari Behn, Norwegian writer (b. 1972)[15]
Holidays and observances
- Children's Day (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Republic of Congo)
- Christian feast day:
- Christmas Day, Christian festival commemorating the birth of Jesus. (Internationally observed)
- Tulsi Pujan Diwas (India)
- Constitution Day (Taiwan)
- Good Governance Day (India)
- Malkh-Festival (Nakh peoples of Chechnya and Ingushetia)
- Quaid-e-Azam's Day (Pakistan)
- Takanakuy (Chumbivilcas Province, Peru)
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gollark: Wow, that would be enough memory for something like two Chrome tabs!
gollark: Oddly enough my laptop doesn't seem to have an IPv6 public address, but my servers *do*.
gollark: British Telecom.
gollark: My phone supports it and osmarks.tk supports it.
References
- Twitchett, Denis; Fairbank, John King; Loewe, Michael (1978). The Cambridge History of China: Volume 1, The Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 BC – AD 220. Cambridge University Press. p. 255. ISBN 978-0-521-24327-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Clauss, Manfred. Die römischen Kaiser - 55 historische Portraits von Caesar bis Iustinian. p. 250. ISBN 978-3-406-47288-6.
- "Roger II | Facts & Biography". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- Barros Arana, Diego (2000) [1886]. Historia General de Chile (in Spanish). VI (2 ed.). Santiago, Chile: Editorial Universitaria. p. 235.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Crist, Charlie; Attorney General (2006-08-16). "The Christmas 1951 Murders of Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore; Results of the Attorney General's Investigation: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY" (PDF). Retrieved 2018-02-27.
- Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 707-366C SU-AXA Bangkok-Don Muang International Airport (BKK)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-12-23.
- Jim Gomez (Dec 26, 2019). "Christmas Typhoon Leaves 20 Dead In Philippines". HuffPost.
- "Demaryius Thomas bio". Official website. Archived from the original on 29 May 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
- "JOÃOZINHO". Soccerway. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
- "Eric Gordon". ESPN. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
- Lukas Hinds-Johnson profile at scrum.com accessed: 23 March 2010
- "Mitakeumi profile". 日本相撲協会公式サイト. Archived from the original on 2016-03-08. Retrieved 14 January 2019.
- "Feminism and the farm: Lola Lange left her mark on royal commission". The Globe and Mail. 2014-01-27. Retrieved 2018-05-10.
- "Padma Shri awardee Sulagitti Narasamma passes away at 98".
- "Ari Behn: Author and Norway princess's ex-husband dies aged 47". BBC.com. December 25, 2019.
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