March 14

March 14 is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. 292 days remain until the end of the year.

For the Lebanese political coalition, see March 14 Alliance.

<<	March					>>
Su	Mo	Tu	We	Th	Fr	Sa
01	02	03	04	05	06	07
08	09	10	11	12	13	14
15	16	17	18	19	20	21
22	23	24	25	26	27	28
29	30	31
2020

March 14 in recent years

2020 (Saturday)

2019 (Thursday)

2018 (Wednesday)

2017 (Tuesday)

2016 (Monday)

2015 (Saturday)

2014 (Friday)

2013 (Thursday)

2012 (Wednesday)

2011 (Monday)

Events

• 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguenots defeat the forces of the Catholic League under Charles, Duke of Mayenne, during the French Wars of Religion.[1]
• 1647 – Thirty Years' War: Bavaria, Cologne, France and Sweden sign the Truce of Ulm.[2]
• 1663 – According to his own account, Otto von Guericke completes his book De Vacuo.[3]
• 1674 – The Third Anglo-Dutch War: The Battle of Ronas Voe results in the Dutch East India Company ship Wapen van Rotterdam being captured with a death toll of up to 300 Dutch crew and soldiers.[4]
• 1757 – Admiral Sir John Byng is executed by firing squad aboard HMS Monarch for breach of the Articles of War.[5]
• 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Spanish forces capture Fort Charlotte in Mobile, Alabama, the last British frontier post capable of threatening New Orleans.[6]
• 1794 – Eli Whitney is granted a patent for the cotton gin.[7]
• 1885 – The Mikado, a light opera by W. S. Gilbert and Arthur Sullivan, receives its first public performance at the Savoy Theatre in London.[8]
• 1900 – The Gold Standard Act is ratified, placing the United States currency on the gold standard.[9]
• 1903 – Pelican Island National Wildlife Refuge, the first national wildlife refuge in the US, is established by President Theodore Roosevelt.[10]
• 1920 – In the second of the 1920 Schleswig plebiscites, about 80% of the population in Zone II votes to remain part of Weimar Germany.[11]
• 1926 – The El Virilla train accident, Costa Rica, kills 248 people and wounds another 93 when a train falls off a bridge over the Río Virilla between Heredia and Tibás.[12]
• 1931 – Alam Ara, India's first talking film, is released.[13]
• 1939 – Slovakia declares independence under German pressure.[14]
• 1942 – Anne Miller becomes the first American patient to be treated with penicillin, under the care of Orvan Hess and John Bumstead.[15]
• 1943 – The liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto is completed.[16]
• 1945 – The R.A.F. drop the Grand Slam bomb in action for the first time, on a railway viaduct near Bielefeld, Germany.[17]
• 1951 – Korean War: United Nations troops recapture Seoul for the second time.[18]
• 1961 – A USAF B-52 bomber crashes near near Yuba City, California whilst carrying nuclear weapons.[19]
• 1964 – Jack Ruby is convicted of killing Lee Harvey Oswald, the assumed assassin of John F. Kennedy.[20]
• 1967 – The body of U.S. President John F. Kennedy is moved to a permanent burial place at Arlington National Cemetery.[21]
• 1978 – The Israel Defense Forces launch Operation Litani, a seven-day campaign to invade and occupy southern Lebanon.[22]
• 1980 – LOT Flight 7 crashes during final approach near Warsaw, Poland, killing 87 people, including a 14-man American boxing team.[23]
• 1982 – The South African government bombs the headquarters of the African National Congress in London.[24]
• 1988 – In the Johnson South Reef Skirmish Chinese forces defeat Vietnamese forces in an altercation over control of one of the Spratly Islands.[25]
• 1995 – Norman Thagard becomes the first American astronaut to ride to space on board a Russian launch vehicle.[26]
• 2006 – The 2006 Chadian coup d'état attempt ends in failure.[27]
• 2007 – The Nandigram violence in Nandigram, West Bengal results in the deaths of at least 14 people.[28]
• 2008 – A series of riots, protests, and demonstrations erupt in Lhasa and subsequently spread elsewhere in Tibet.[29]
• 2019 – Cyclone Idai makes landfall near Beira, Mozambique, causing devastating floods and over 1000 deaths.[30]

Births

• 1638 – Johann Georg Gichtel, German mystic (d. 1710)[31]
• 1790 – Ludwig Emil Grimm, German painter and engraver (d. 1863)[32]
• 1800 – James Bogardus, American inventor and architect (d. 1874)[33]
• 1801 – Kristjan Jaak Peterson, Estonian poet (d. 1822)[34]
• 1804 – Johann Strauss I, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1849)[35]
• 1813 – Joseph P. Bradley, American lawyer and jurist (d. 1892)[36]
• 1820 – Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (d. 1878)[37]
• 1822 – Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies (d. 1889)[38]
• 1823 – Théodore de Banville, French poet and critic (d. 1891)[39]
• 1833 – Frederic Shields, English painter and illustrator (d. 1911)[40]
• 1833 – Lucy Hobbs Taylor, American dentist and educator (d. 1910)[41]
• 1835 – Giovanni Schiaparelli, Italian astronomer and historian (d. 1910)[42]
• 1836 – Isabella Beeton, English author of Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management (d. 1865)[43]
• 1837 – Charles Ammi Cutter, American librarian (d. 1903)[44]
• 1844 – Umberto I of Italy (d. 1900)[45]
• 1844 – Arthur O'Shaughnessy, English poet and herpetologist (d. 1881)[46]
• 1847 – Castro Alves, Brazilian poet and playwright (d. 1871)[47]
• 1853 – Ferdinand Hodler, Swiss painter (d. 1918)[48]
• 1854 – Paul Ehrlich, German physician and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1915)[49]
• 1854 – John Lane, English publisher, co-founded The Bodley Head (d. 1925)[50]
• 1854 – Alexandru Macedonski, Romanian author and poet (d. 1920)[51]
• 1854 – Thomas R. Marshall, American lawyer and politician, 28th Vice President of the United States of America (d. 1925)[52]
• 1862 – Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist and meteorologist (d. 1951)[53]
• 1863 – Casey Jones, American engineer (d. 1900)[54]
• 1868 – Emily Murphy, Canadian jurist, author, and activist (d. 1933)[55]
• 1869 – Algernon Blackwood, English author and playwright (d. 1951)[56]
• 1874 – Anton Philips, Dutch businessman, co-founded Philips Electronics (d. 1951)[57]
• 1879 – Albert Einstein, German-American physicist, engineer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1955)[41]
• 1882 – Wacław Sierpiński, Polish mathematician and academic (d. 1969)[58]
• 1885 – Raoul Lufbery, French-American soldier and pilot (d. 1918)[59]
• 1886 – Firmin Lambot, Belgian cyclist (d. 1964)[60]
• 1887 – Sylvia Beach, American-French publisher, founded Shakespeare and Company (d. 1962)[61]
• 1898 – Reginald Marsh, French-American painter and illustrator (d. 1954)[62]
• 1899 – K. C. Irving, Canadian businessman, founded Irving Oil (d. 1992)[63]
• 1901 – Sid Atkinson, South African hurdler and long jumper (d. 1977)[64]
• 1903 – Adolph Gottlieb, American painter and sculptor (d. 1974)[65]
• 1904 – Doris Eaton Travis, American actress and dancer (d. 2010)[66]
• 1905 – Raymond Aron, French journalist, sociologist, and philosopher (d. 1983)[67]
• 1906 – Ulvi Cemal Erkin, Turkish composer and educator (d. 1972)[68]
• 1908 – Ed Heinemann, American designer of military aircraft (d. 1991)[69]
• 1908 – Maurice Merleau-Ponty, French philosopher and academic (d. 1961)[70]
• 1908 – Philip Conrad Vincent, English engineer and businessman, founded Vincent Motorcycles (d. 1979)[71]
• 1911 – Akira Yoshizawa, Japanese origamist (d. 2005)[72]
• 1912 – Cliff Bastin, English footballer (d. 1991)[73]
• 1912 – Les Brown, American saxophonist, composer, and bandleader (d. 2001)[74]
• 1912 – W. Graham Claytor, Jr. American lieutenant, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of the Navy (d. 1994)[75]
• 1912 – W. Willard Wirtz, American lawyer and politician, 10th United States Secretary of Labor (d. 2010)[76]
• 1914 – Lee Hays, American singer-songwriter (d. 1981)[77]
• 1914 – Bill Owen, English actor and songwriter (d. 1999)[78]
• 1914 – Lee Petty, American race car driver and businessman, founded Petty Enterprises (d. 2000)[79]
• 1915 – Alexander Brott, Canadian violinist, composer, and conductor (d. 2005)[80]
• 1916 – Horton Foote, American author, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 2009)[41]
• 1917 – Alan Smith, English lieutenant and pilot (d. 2013)[81]
• 1918 – Zoia Horn, American librarian (d. 2014)[82]
• 1919 – Max Shulman, American author and screenwriter (d. 1988)[83]
• 1920 – Hank Ketcham, American author and cartoonist, created Dennis the Menace (d. 2001)[84]
• 1920 – Dorothy Tyler-Odam, English high jumper (d. 2014)[85]
• 1921 – S. Truett Cathy, American businessman, founded Chick-fil-A (d. 2014)[86]
• 1921 – Ada Louise Huxtable, American author and critic (d. 2013)[87]
• 1922 – Les Baxter, American pianist and composer (d. 1996)[88]
• 1923 – Diane Arbus, American photographer (d. 1971)[89]
• 1925 – William Clay Ford, Sr., American businessman (d. 2014)[90]
• 1925 – Joseph A. Unanue, American sergeant and businessman (d. 2013)[91]
• 1926 – François Morel, Canadian pianist, composer, conductor, and educator (d. 2018)[92]
• 1928 – Frank Borman, American colonel, pilot, and astronaut[41]
• 1928 – Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (d. 1980)[93]
• 1929 – Bob Goalby, American golfer[94]
• 1932 – Mark Murphy, American singer-songwriter and actor (d. 2015)[95]
• 1932 – Naina Yeltsina, Russian wife of Boris Yeltsin, First Lady of Russia[96]
• 1933 – Michael Caine, English actor and author[41]
• 1933 – Quincy Jones, American singer-songwriter, trumpet player, and producer[41]
• 1934 – Eugene Cernan, American captain, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2017)[97]
• 1934 – Paul Rader, American 15th General of The Salvation Army[98]
• 1936 – Bob Charles, New Zealand golfer[99]
• 1937 – Peter van der Merwe, South African cricketer and referee (d. 2013)[100]
• 1938 – Eleanor Bron, English actress and screenwriter[101]
• 1938 – Jan Crouch, American televangelist, co-founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (d. 2016)[102]
• 1938 – John Gleeson, Australian cricketer (d. 2016)[103]
• 1939 – Raymond J. Barry, American actor[104]
• 1939 – Bertrand Blier, French director and screenwriter[105]
• 1939 – Yves Boisset, French director and screenwriter[106]
• 1941 – Wolfgang Petersen, German-American director, producer, and screenwriter[107]
• 1942 – Rita Tushingham, English actress[41]
• 1943 – Anita Morris, American actress and singer (d. 1994)[108]
• 1944 – Boris Brott, Canadian composer and conductor[109]
• 1944 – Václav Nedomanský, Czech ice hockey player and manager[110]
• 1944 – Bobby Smith, English footballer and manager[111]
• 1944 – Tom Stannage, Australian historian and academic (d. 2012)[112]
• 1945 – Jasper Carrott, English comedian, actor, and game show host[113]
• 1945 – Michael Martin Murphey, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[114]
• 1945 – Walter Parazaider, American saxophonist[115]
• 1946 – William Lerach, American securities and class action attorney[116]
• 1946 – Wes Unseld, American basketball player, coach, and manager[117]
• 1947 – Roy Budd, English pianist and composer (d. 1993)[118]
• 1947 – William J. Jefferson, American lawyer and politician[119]
• 1947 – Jona Lewie, English singer-songwriter and keyboard player[120]
• 1948 – Tom Coburn, American physician and politician (d. 2020)[121]
• 1948 – Billy Crystal, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[41]
• 1948 – Theo Jansen, Dutch sculptor[122]
• 1950 – Rick Dees, American actor and radio host[41]
• 1951 – Jerry Greenfield, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Ben & Jerry's[123]
• 1953 – Nick Keir, Scottish singer-songwriter (d. 2013)[124]
• 1955 – Jonathan Kaufer, American director and screenwriter (d. 2013)[125]
• 1956 – Alexey Pajitnov, Russian video game designer and computer engineer, creator of Tetris[126]
• 1956 – Butch Wynegar, American baseball player and coach[127]
• 1957 – Tad Williams, American author[128]
• 1958 – Albert II, Prince of Monaco[129]
• 1959 – Laila Robins, American actress[130]
• 1959 – Tamara Tunie, American actress[41]
• 1960 – Heidi Hammel, American astronomer and academic[131]
• 1961 – Garry Jack, Australian rugby league player and coach[132]
• 1961 – Mike Lazaridis, Turkish–Canadian businessman and philanthropist, founded BlackBerry Limited[133]
• 1963 – Bruce Reid, Australian cricketer and coach[134]
• 1965 – Kevin Brown, American baseball player and coach[135]
• 1965 – Aamir Khan, Indian film actor, producer, and director[136]
• 1965 – Billy Sherwood, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer[137]
• 1965 – Kevin Williamson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[138]
• 1966 – Jonas Elmer, Danish actor, director, and screenwriter[139]
• 1966 – Elise Neal, American actress and producer[140]
• 1968 – Megan Follows, Canadian-American actress[141]
• 1969 – Larry Johnson, American basketball player and actor[142]
• 1970 – Kristian Bush, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[143]
• 1972 – Irom Chanu Sharmila, Indian poet and activist[144]
• 1973 – Rohit Shetty, Indian film director and producer[145]
• 1974 – Patrick Traverse, Canadian ice hockey player[146]
• 1975 – Steve Harper, English footballer and referee[147]
• 1975 – Dmitri Markov, Belarusian-Australian pole vaulter[148]
• 1976 – Phil Vickery, English rugby player and sportscaster[149]
• 1977 – Vadims Fjodorovs, Latvian footballer and coach[150]
• 1977 – Naoki Matsuda, Japanese footballer (d. 2011)[151]
• 1977 – Jeremy Paul, New Zealand-Australian rugby player[152]
• 1978 – Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer[153]
• 1979 – Nicolas Anelka, French footballer and manager[154]
• 1979 – Chris Klein, American actor[155]
• 1979 – Sead Ramović, German-Bosnian footballer[156]
• 1980 – Aaron Brown, English footballer and coach[157]
• 1980 – Ben Herring, New Zealand rugby player[158]
• 1981 – Bobby Jenks, American baseball player[41]
• 1981 – George Wilson, American football player[159]
• 1982 – Carlos Marinelli, Argentinian footballer[160]
• 1982 – François Sterchele, Belgian footballer (d. 2008)[161]
• 1983 – Bakhtiyar Artayev, Kazakh boxer[162]
• 1986 – Elton Chigumbura, Zimbabwean cricketer[163]
• 1986 – Jessica Gallagher, Australian skier and cyclist[164]
• 1986 – Andy Taylor, English footballer[165]
• 1988 – Stephen Curry, American basketball player[41]
• 1988 – Rico Freimuth, German decathlete[166]
• 1989 – Kevin Lacroix, Canadian race car driver[167]
• 1990 – Joe Allen, Welsh footballer[168]
• 1990 – Tamás Kádár, Hungarian footballer[169]
• 1990 – Haru Kuroki, Japanese actress[170]
• 1990 – Kolbeinn Sigþórsson, Icelandic footballer[171]
• 1991 – Emir Bekrić, Serbian hurdler[172]
• 1991 – László Szűcs, Hungarian footballer[173]
• 1991 – Steven Zellner, German footballer[174]
• 1993 – Philipp Ziereis, German footballer[175]
• 1994 – Ansel Elgort, American actor and DJ[176]
• 1996 – Batuhan Altıntaş, Turkish footballer[177]
• 1997 – Simone Biles, American gymnast[178]
• 2008 – Abby Ryder Fortson, American actress[179]

Deaths

• 840 – Einhard, Frankish scholar[180]
• 968 – Matilda of Ringelheim, Saxon queen (b. c. 896)[181]
• 1555 – John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (b. 1485)[182]
• 1647 – Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (b. 1584)[183]
• 1648 – Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron, English general and politician (b. 1584)[184]
• 1696 – Jean Domat, French lawyer and jurist (b. 1625)[185]
• 1748 – George Wade, Irish field marshal and politician (b. 1673)[186]
• 1757 – John Byng, British admiral and politician, 11th Commodore Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1704)[5]
• 1791 – Johann Salomo Semler, German historian and critic (b. 1725)[187]
• 1803 – Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet (b. 1724)[188]
• 1811 – Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1735)[189]
• 1823 – Charles François Dumouriez, French general and politician, French Minister of War (b. 1739)[190]
• 1860 – Carl Ritter von Ghega, Italian engineer, designed the Semmering railway (b. 1802)[191]
• 1877 – Juan Manuel de Rosas, Argentinian general and politician, 17th Governor of Buenos Aires Province (b. 1793)[192]
• 1883 – Karl Marx, German philosopher and theorist (b. 1818)[193]
• 1884 – Quintino Sella, Italian economist and politician, Italian Minister of Finances (b. 1827)[194]
• 1932 – George Eastman, American inventor and businessman, founded Eastman Kodak (b. 1854)[195]
• 1953 – Klement Gottwald, Czechoslovak Communist politician and 14th President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1896)[196]
• 1957 – Evagoras Pallikarides, Cypriot activist (b. 1938)[197]
• 1965 – Marion Jones Farquhar, American tennis player (b. 1879)[198]
• 1968 – Erwin Panofsky, German historian and academic (b. 1892)[199]
• 1969 – Ben Shahn, Lithuanian-American painter, illustrator, and educator (b. 1898)[200]
• 1973 – Howard H. Aiken, American computer scientist and engineer (b. 1900)[201]
• 1973 – Chic Young, American cartoonist (b. 1901)[202]
• 1975 – Susan Hayward, American actress (b. 1917)[203]
• 1976 – Busby Berkeley, American director and choreographer (b. 1895)[204]
• 1977 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American activist and philanthropist (b. 1917)[205]
• 1980 – Mohammad Hatta, Indonesian politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Indonesia (b. 1902)[206]
• 1980 – Félix Rodríguez de la Fuente, Spanish environmentalist (b. 1928)[93]
• 1984 – Hovhannes Shiraz, Armenian poet (b. 1915)[207]
• 1989 – Zita of Bourbon-Parma, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary (b. 1892)[208]
• 1991 – Howard Ashman, American playwright and composer (b. 1950)[209]
• 1995 – William Alfred Fowler, American physicist and astronomer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)[210]
• 1997 – Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-American director and producer (b. 1907)[211]
• 1999 – Kirk Alyn, American actor (b. 1910)[212]
• 1999 – John Broome, American author (b. 1913)[213]
• 2003 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian-American painter (b. 1945)[214]
• 2003 – Jean-Luc Lagardère, French engineer and businessman (b. 1928)[215]
• 2006 – Lennart Meri, Estonian director and politician, 2nd President of Estonia (b. 1929)[216]
• 2007 – Lucie Aubrac, French educator and activist (b. 1912)[217]
• 2008 – Chiara Lubich, Italian activist, co-founded the Focolare Movement (b. 1920)[218]
• 2010 – Peter Graves, American actor (b. 1926)[219]
• 2012 – Pierre Schoendoerffer, French director and screenwriter (b. 1928)[220]
• 2012 – Ċensu Tabone, Maltese general and politician, 4th President of Malta (b. 1913)[221]
• 2013 – Jack Greene, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1930)[222]
• 2013 – Aramais Sahakyan, Armenian poet and author (b. 1936)[223]
• 2013 – Ieng Sary, Vietnamese-Cambodian politician, Cambodian Minister for Foreign Affairs (b. 1925)[224]
• 2014 – Tony Benn, English politician, Postmaster General of the United Kingdom (b. 1925)[225]
• 2014 – Meir Har-Zion, Israeli commander (b. 1934)[226]
• 2016 – John W. Cahn, German-American metallurgist and academic (b. 1928)[227]
• 2016 – Peter Maxwell Davies, English composer and conductor (b. 1934)[228]
• 2016 – Suranimala Rajapaksha, Sri Lankan lawyer and politician (b. 1949)[229]
• 2018 – Jim Bowen, English stand-up comedian and TV personality (b. 1937)[230]
• 2018 – Marielle Franco, Brazilian politician and human rights activist (b. 1979)[231]
• 2018 – Stephen Hawking, English physicist and author (b. 1942)[232]
• 2018 – Liam O'Flynn, Irish uileann piper (b. 1945)[233]
• 2019 – Jake Phelps, American skateboarder and Thrasher editor-in-chief (b. 1962)[234]

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Leobinus[235]
  • March 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Constitution Day (Andorra)[236]
• Heroes' Day (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)[237]
• Mother Tongue Day (Estonia)[238]
• Nanakshahi New Year, first day of the month of Chet (Sikhism)[239]
• Pi Day[240]
• Summer Day (Albania)[241]
• White Day on which men give gifts to women; complementary to Valentine's Day (Japan and other Asian nations)[242]

References

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2. Kenneth Meyer Setton (1991). Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century. American Philosophical Society. pp. 83. ISBN 978-0-87169-192-7.
3. Otto von Guericke (6 December 2012). The New (So-Called) Magdeburg Experiments of Otto Von Guericke. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 20. ISBN 978-94-011-2010-4.
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External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day

• Historical Events on March 14
• Today in Canadian History