South African Class 19D 4-8-2

The South African Railways Class 19D 4-8-2 of 1937 was a steam locomotive.

South African Class 19D 4-8-2
Umgeni Steam Railway's no. 2685, 30 July 2006
Type and origin
♠ Numbers 2506-2545 - ♥ Numbers 2626-2640
♣ Numbers 2641-2680 - ♦ Numbers 2681-2720
ʘ Numbers 2721-2770 - ʘ Numbers 3321-3370
T MT tender - P MP1 tender - X MX tender
Power typeSteam
DesignerSouth African Railways
(W.A.J. Day)
BuilderFriedrich Krupp AG
Borsig Lokomotiv Werke
Škoda Works
Robert Stephenson & Hawthorns
North British Locomotive Company
Henschel and Son
Serial numberSee table
ModelClass 19D
Build date1937–1953
Total produced268
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-8-2 (Mountain)
 • UIC2'D1'h2
(Wankie Colliery 2'D1'n2)
Driver2nd coupled axle
Gauge3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Leading dia.28 1⁄2 in (724 mm)
Coupled dia.54 in (1,372 mm)
Trailing dia.34 in (864 mm)
Tender wheelsTPX 34 in (864 mm)
Wheelbase♠♥♣♦ʘP 58 ft 8 3⁄4 in (17,901 mm)
ʘX 76 ft 7 7⁄8 in (23,365 mm)
 • Engine32 ft 3 in (9,830 mm)
 • Leading6 ft 4 in (1,930 mm)
 • Coupled14 ft 5 in (4,394 mm)
 • TenderT 20 ft 5 in (6,223 mm)
P 16 ft 9 in (5,105 mm)
X 34 ft 9 in (10,592 mm)
 • Tender bogieT 6 ft 2 in (1,880 mm)
P 4 ft 7 in (1,397 mm)
X 8 ft 8 in (2,642 mm)
Wheel spacing
(Asymmetrical)		1-2: 4 ft 10 in (1,473 mm)
2-3: 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm)
3-4: 4 ft 10 in (1,473 mm)
Length:
​
 • Over couplers♠♥♣♦ʘP 67 ft 3 5⁄8 in (20,514 mm)
ʘX 86 ft 2 3⁄8 in (26,273 mm)
Height12 ft 10 7⁄8 in (3,934 mm)
Frame typeBar
Axle load♠ 13 LT 4 cwt (13,410 kg)
♥ 15 LT 10 cwt (15,750 kg)
♣ 13 LT 5 cwt (13,460 kg)
♦ 13 LT 12 cwt (13,820 kg)
ʘ 14 LT 1 cwt (14,280 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 19 cwt (14,170 kg)
 • Leading♠ 14 LT 7 cwt (14,580 kg)
♥ 13 LT 18 cwt (14,120 kg)
♣ 14 LT 7 cwt (14,580 kg)
♦ 14 LT 13 cwt (14,890 kg)
ʘ 14 LT 9 cwt (14,680 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 15 cwt (13,970 kg)
 • 1st coupled♠ 13 LT 2 cwt (13,310 kg)
♥ 13 LT 13 cwt (13,870 kg)
♣ 13 LT 3 cwt (13,360 kg)
♦ 13 LT 11 cwt (13,770 kg)
ʘ 14 LT 1 cwt (14,280 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 19 cwt (14,170 kg)
 • 2nd coupled♠ 13 LT 4 cwt (13,410 kg)
♥ 13 LT 13 cwt (13,870 kg)
♣ 13 LT 5 cwt (13,460 kg)
♦ 13 LT 12 cwt (13,820 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 17 cwt (14,070 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 15 cwt (13,970 kg)
 • 3rd coupled♠ 12 LT 19 cwt (13,160 kg)
♥ 13 LT 10 cwt (13,720 kg)
♣ 13 LT 1 cwt (13,260 kg)
♦ 13 LT 9 cwt (13,670 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 19 cwt (14,170 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 17 cwt (14,070 kg)
 • 4th coupled♠ 13 LT 3 cwt (13,360 kg)
♥ 15 LT 10 cwt (15,750 kg)
♣ 13 LT (13,210 kg)
♦ 13 LT 9 cwt (13,670 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 18 cwt (14,120 kg)
ʘ 13 LT 16 cwt (14,020 kg)
 • Trailing♠ 11 LT 17 cwt (12,040 kg)
♥ 12 LT 9 cwt (12,650 kg)
♣ 12 LT 1 cwt (12,240 kg)
♦ 12 LT 8 cwt (12,600 kg)
ʘ 11 LT 2 cwt (11,280 kg)
ʘ 11 LT 10 cwt (11,680 kg)
 • Tender bogieBogie 1:
T 32 LT 18 cwt (33,430 kg)
P 27 LT 10 cwt (27,940 kg)
X 37 LT 10 cwt (38,100 kg)
Bogie 2:
T 33 LT 2 cwt (33,630 kg)
P 23 LT 11 cwt (23,930 kg)
X 35 LT 17 cwt (36,430 kg)
 • Tender axleT 16 LT 11 cwt (16,820 kg)
P 13 LT 15 cwt (13,970 kg)
X 12 LT 10 cwt (12,700 kg)
Adhesive weight♠ 52 LT 8 cwt (53,240 kg)
♥ 56 LT 6 cwt (57,200 kg)
♣ 52 LT 9 cwt (53,290 kg)
♦ 54 LT 1 cwt (54,920 kg)
ʘ 55 LT 15 cwt (56,640 kg)
ʘ 55 LT 7 cwt (56,240 kg)
Loco weight♠ 78 LT 12 cwt (79,860 kg)
♥ 80 LT 13 cwt (81,940 kg)
♣ 78 LT 17 cwt (80,120 kg)
♦ 81 LT 2 cwt (82,400 kg)
ʘ 81 LT 6 cwt (82,600 kg)
ʘ 79 LT 12 cwt (80,880 kg)
Tender weightT 66 LT (67,060 kg)
P 51 LT 1 cwt (51,870 kg)
X 73 LT 7 cwt (74,530 kg)
Total weight♠T 144 LT 12 cwt (146,900 kg)
♠P 129 LT 13 cwt (131,700 kg)
♥T 146 LT 13 cwt (149,000 kg)
♥P 131 LT 14 cwt (133,800 kg)
♣T 144 LT 17 cwt (147,200 kg)
♣P 129 LT 18 cwt (132,000 kg)
♦T 147 LT 2 cwt (149,500 kg)
♦P 132 LT 3 cwt (134,300 kg)
ʘT 147 LT 6 cwt (149,700 kg)
ʘP 132 LT 7 cwt (134,500 kg)
ʘX 152 LT 19 cwt (155,400 kg)
Tender typeT MT (2-axle bogies)
P MP1 (2-axle bogies)
X MX (Buckeye 3-axle bogies)
MP, MP1, MR, MT, MX, MY, MY1 permitted
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacityT 12 LT (12.2 t)
P 10 LT (10.2 t)
X 12 LT (12.2 t)
Water capT 6,000 imp gal (27,300 l)
P 4,250 imp gal (19,300 l)
X 6,500 imp gal (29,500 l)
Firebox typeRound-top
 • Firegrate area36 sq ft (3.3 m2)
Boiler:
​
 • ModelWatson Standard no. 1A
 • TypeDomeless (2506-2525)
 • Pitch8 ft (2,438 mm)
 • Diameter5 ft (1,524 mm)
 • Tube plates20 ft 2 in (6,147 mm)
 • Small tubes76: 2 1⁄2 in (64 mm)
 • Large tubes24: 5 1⁄2 in (140 mm)
Boiler pressure200 psi (1,379 kPa)
Safety valveRoss Pop
Heating surface1,839 sq ft (170.8 m2)
 • Tubes1,700 sq ft (160 m2)
 • Arch tubes16 sq ft (1.5 m2)
 • Firebox123 sq ft (11.4 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area♠♥♣♦ʘ 404 sq ft (37.5 m2)
ʘ 390 sq ft (36 m2)
CylindersTwo
Cylinder size21 in (533 mm) bore
26 in (660 mm) stroke
Valve gearWalschaerts
Valve typePiston
CouplersAAR knuckle
Performance figures
Tractive effort31,850 lbf (141.7 kN) @ 75%
Career
OperatorsSouth African Railways
Rhodesia Railways
Caminho de Ferro de Benguela
Nkana Copper Mines
Wankie Colliery
ClassSAR Class 19D
RR 19th, 19B, 19C class
CFB 11th Class
Number in class268
NumbersSAR 2506-2545, 2626-2770, 3321-3370
CFB 401-406
RR 316–336
Nkana 107-108 (RR 337–338)
WCC 1-4
NicknamesDolly
Delivered1937–1953
First run1937

Between 1937 and 1949, the South African Railways placed 235 Class 19D steam locomotives with a 4-8-2 Mountain type wheel arrangement in service. Between 1951 and 1955, 33 more were built for other operators like the Rhodesia and Angolan railways and the Nkana and Wankie mines, which makes the Class 19D the most numerous South African steam locomotive type ever built.[1][2][3][4]

Manufacturers

The Class 19D 4-8-2 steam locomotive was the final development of the Class 19 family of locomotives. At the request of Colonel F.R. Collins, Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the South African Railways (SAR) from 1922 to 1929, the original basic design of the Class 19 was done in the late 1920s by Test Engineer M.M. Loubser, who was himself later to serve as the CME from 1939 to 1949.[3][5][6]

W.A.J. Day

The final development of the Class was done in 1937 by W.A.J. Day, CME from 1936 to 1939. The Class 19D was a revised version of the Class 19C with piston valves and Walschaerts valve gear instead of rotary cam poppet valve gear.[2][3]

Between 1937 and 1955, 268 Class 19D locomotives were built in seven batches by six locomotive manufacturers in Czechoslovakia, Germany and the United Kingdom and delivered to the SAR and several other operators in Southern Africa.[2]

  • The first forty were built in Germany in 1937, twenty with domeless boilers by Friedrich Krupp AG in Essen and numbered in the range from 2506 to 2525, and twenty by the Borsig Lokomotiv Werke in Hennigsdorf, Berlin and numbered in the range from 2526 to 2545.[2][7]
  • In 1938, a further 95 locomotives were ordered, built by three manufacturers. Škoda Works in Czechoslovakia built fifteen numbered in the range from 2626 to 2640, Krupp built forty, this time with domed boilers and numbered in the range from 2641 to 2680, and Borsig built forty numbered in the range from 2681 to 2720.[2][7][8]
  • Locomotive building was interrupted by the Second World War and post-war locomotive procurement saw European suppliers being replaced by British ones. In 1947, the first fifty post-war Class 19D locomotives were delivered by Robert Stephenson and Hawthorns (RSH) of Darlington, England and numbered in the range from 2721 to 2770. Of this order, engine no. 2734, RSH works no. 7247, was lost at sea off the east coast of England. Its replacement with RSH works number 7360 was paid for by insurance and it was given the number 2734 of the lost locomotive.[1]
  • The final batch of fifty Class 19D locomotives for the SAR were delivered in 1949 by the North British Locomotive Company (NBL) of Glasgow, Scotland and numbered in the range from 3321 to 3370. These engines were delivered with Type MX Torpedo tenders.[9][10][11]
  • In 1951, six were built by NBL for the Caminho de Ferro de Benguela (CFB) in Angola.[3][9]
  • Between 1951 and 1953, Henschel and Son built 21 more for the Rhodesia Railways (RR) and the Nkana copper mine in Northern Rhodesia.[3][12]
  • In 1955, four more were built by NBL for the Wankie coal mine in Southern Rhodesia.[3][9]

Characteristics

The Class 19D, nicknamed Dolly, was very similar to its predecessor Class 19C, but Day specified piston valves and Walschaerts valve gear instead of rotary cam poppet valve gear. The cylinders were redesigned with straighter steam ports while the valve gear itself was revamped with a longer steam lap and greater valve travel. In all other respects they were identical to the Class 19C. The last five locomotives of the first batch from Krupp, numbers 2521 to 2525, were fitted with exhaust steam injectors.[2][3][4]

The cylinders were of the combined type, being cast in two identical and interchangeable sections, each made up of one cylinder and half of the smokebox saddle. They were of cast iron and had liners fitted. The design of the steam passages provided for a large cross-sectional area for both live and exhaust steam.[2]

All coupled wheels were flanged. The axle boxes of the leading and trailing wheels were equipped with roller bearings while the solid bronze coupled wheel axle boxes were soft grease-lubricated. Soft grease lubrication was used throughout for the motion gear, except the piston rods, valve spindles and main crossheads which were oil-lubricated. Two four-feed sight lubricators, arranged in the cab, supplied oil to the steam chests and cylinders.[2]

Watson Standard boilers

The Class 19D was delivered with a Watson Standard no. 1A boiler, fitted with Ross Pop safety valves and set at 200 pounds per square inch (1,379 kilopascals) pressure. The regulator was of the multiple-valve type, with the valves arranged on the saturated steam side of the superheater header in accordance with SAR practice. The boiler was one of the range of standard type boilers which were designed by Day's predecessor as CME, A.G. Watson, as part of his standardisation policy. The locomotive was also equipped with a Watson cab with its distinctive inclined front.[1][2][4][10][11]

19D 2510 (Builders Plate)
19D 2702 (Builders Plate)
19D 2739 (Builders Plate)
19D 3360 (Builders Plate)

Despite the specifications, the first batch of Class 19D locomotives, built by Krupp and Borsig and delivered in 1937 and 1938, came in two variations. The Krupp-built locomotives were delivered with domeless boilers, while the Borsig-built locomotives conformed to the specifications with domed boilers.[1][2][4]

While the domeless boilers did not conform to the specified Watson Standard no. 1A boiler as far as the dome was concerned, they were accepted nevertheless, probably since all their other dimensions were identical to that of the Watson Standard boiler. It appears that Krupp had decided on their own accord that a dome was not necessary since there was no regulator in the dome, but merely a standpipe. Krupp substituted the dome with a manhole cover on which the two Pop safety valves were mounted, while the steam was collected through a battery of collecting pipes, situated high up in the boiler in a similar manner to that which was used in the Class 16E.[1][2]

All the subsequent Class 19D orders were delivered with domed Watson Standard no. 1A boilers with the usual standpipe steam collector high up in the dome, from where steam was led to the multi-valve regulator in the smokebox. Technically, whenever the loading gauge permitted the use of domes, their use was preferable to the domeless system which resulted in crowding multiple pipes into the boiler and other complications better left out of boilers. Operationally, according to drivers, there was no apparent difference in locomotive performance between the two boiler types.[1][2][13]

The Watson Standard boilers are interchangeable between locomotives. In the process of locomotives undergoing major overhauls, these twenty Krupp-built domeless boilers migrated between engines during subsequent years. As a result, locomotives from the other builders and even some Classes 19A and 19C locomotives eventually ended up with some of these domeless boilers.[4]

Tenders

As a result of having been built over such a long time span by so many different manufacturers, the six main groups of the Class 19D all had different all-up weights and axle loadings, as shown in the table and the specifications in the infobox. Over the eleven years during which the Class 19D was being produced for the SAR, some alterations occurred.[1][10][11]

  • As built, the Class 19D was delivered with Type MT tenders with a 12 long tons (12.2 tonnes) coal and a 6,000 imperial gallons (27,300 litres) water capacity, even though the axle load of 16 long tons 11 hundredweight (16,820 kilograms) of these tenders exceeded the permissible limits on the branch lines for which the Class 19D was intended. Upon delivery, their new Type MT tenders were exchanged for the smaller modified Type MP1 tenders from some of the reboilered mainline locomotives. The Type MP1, many of which were later rebuilt to Type MR tenders, had a lighter axle load of 13 long tons 15 hundredweight (13,970 kilograms) and was therefore more suitable for branch line work. This policy was followed with all the Classes 19B, 19C and 19D, except the last batch of Class 19D for the SAR, numbers 3321 to 3370.[1][2]
  • During 1944 Dr. M.M. Loubser, then CME, who had been involved with the design of the Class 19 family from the very beginning in the late 1920s, made further improvements to the Class 19D. All the post-war locomotives came equipped with vacuum brake systems in addition to the steam brakes. The two 21 inches (533 millimetres) vacuum cylinders were fitted under the running boards on either side at a point about midway between the leading and driving coupled wheels, while the vacuum chamber was arranged in line with the intermediate coupled wheels.[1][2]
Buckeye bogie
  • The final batch from NBL, numbers 3321 to 3370, had Type MX tank wagon type tenders with cylindrical water tanks, similar in appearance to the American Vanderbilt type tenders. They were built to the design of Dr. M.M. Loubser, ran on three-axle Buckeye bogies and became commonly known as Torpedo tenders.[1][4]

Service

South African Railways

During the service life of the Class 19D, several tender exchanges occurred to best equip a locomotive for the region it was allocated to and the type of service it was to be employed in. In line service, type MX Torpedo tenders were usually preferred for their larger coal and water capacities. The result was that by the time the Class 19D was withdrawn from service in the late 1980s, many had exchanged their Type MP1 or Type MR tenders for Type MX Torpedo tenders and vice versa. Type MX Torpedo tenders also ended up attached to Class 19B and Class 19C locomotives.[1][14]

The Class 19D was the most numerous South African branch line locomotive and, at 235 built for the SAR, was only twenty less in number than the Class 15F mainline locomotive, the most numerous South African steam class. The Class 19D was very versatile and saw main- and branch line service all over South Africa with the exception of the Western Cape, where the Class 19C was used.[3]

Tasks varied from mainline local and international passenger trains on the section between Warrenton and Mafeking en route between South Africa and Northern Rhodesia via Bechuanaland and Southern Rhodesia, to secondary and branch line duties and in later years as shunting engines. On occasion, South African Class 19D locomotives worked through from Mafikeng in South Africa via Botswana all the way to Bulawayo in Zimbabwe. SAR Class 19D locomotives were also hired out for shunting work to the Rhodesia Railways for use at Beit Bridge and to Mozambique for use at Lourenco Marques.[3]

From c. 1972, the new Union Carriage & Wagon-built Blue Train was stabled at Pretoria. After Capital Park’s blue-liveried Class S2 no. 3793 was withdrawn along with the rest of its class in 1979-1980, the Pretoria station carriage-shunt duties were taken over by a blue-painted Class 19D no. 2749, the only member of the class to serve in a different SAR livery from the usual black. Apart from shunting work, the blue Dolly was often specially requested to work the Cullinan train during the Jacaranda season.[15]

The Class 19D served until right at the end of the South African steam era and were amongst the last steam locomotives to be replaced by electric and diesel-electric traction.[3]

Other operators

Other Southern African railways and some industries also purchased locomotives built to the Class 19D design. When these foreign versions are included, a total of 268 locomotives were built to the Class 19D design making them even more numerous than the Class 15F.[3]

Benguela Railway

Six were built for the Caminho de Ferro de Benguela (CFB or Benguela railway) in Angola by NBL in 1951, as their 11th Class and numbered in the range from 401 to 406.[9] These locomotives were wood- or coal-fired, depending on where they were operating, and had tenders with slatted frames installed on top of the bunker to increase their fuel capacity when wood was used. In August 1972, for example, numbers 401, 402 and 406 were based at Lobito and were observed to be coal-fired. At the same time, numbers 403 and 405 were observed at Luso and no. 404 at Nova Lisboa, all wood-fired.

Rhodesia Railways

Between 1951 and 1953, Henschel and Son built twenty for Rhodesia Railways, their 19th class, numbered in the range from 316 to 335. They had tenders similar to the SAR Torpedo type, but with plate frame bogies instead of cast frame Buckeye bogies.[3][12][16]

A single RR 19C class, no. 336, was built by Henschel in 1953 as a condensing locomotive. After a collision in 1956, it was rebuilt into a non-condensing 19th Class and re-entered service in 1958. The condensing tender was rebuilt to a Torpedo tender by mounting a tank and coal bunker, supplied locally in Bulawayo, on the frame.[16][17] This rebuilt tender is the one paired with no. 330 which is preserved in the Bulawayo Railway Museum.[18]

By June 1975, only three were left in service, all allocated to the Bulawayo shed, but with two out-stationed at Mafeking in South Africa.[19]

Nkana Mines

Two were built by Henschel for the Nkana copper mines in Northern Rhodesia in 1952, numbered 107 and 108.[17] In 1967, they were sold to a Rhodesian scrap merchant who, in turn, sold them to Rhodesia Railways where they were overhauled and placed back in service in 1968 as RR 19B Class no. 337 and 338.[12][16]

Wankie Colliery

In 1955 four more without superheating and numbered in the range from 1 to 4 were built to the design of the Class 19D by NBL for the Wankie Colliery in Southern Rhodesia.[16]

Industrial

As they were being retired, several Class 19D locomotives were sold into industrial service. By the late 1980s, some of them were already at work at Dunn's, Saiccor, Loraine Gold Mine and Bamangwato Concessions Ltd. (BCL) in Botswana, and more were to follow.[3]

As late as 2011, two Class 19Ds which had been used on the Vaal Reefs Gold Mine in the 1980s until they were retired and dumped at Jan Kempdorp where they stood unprotected for about twenty years, were bought by BCL Selebi-Phikwe. The locomotives, possibly numbers 2678 and 2689, were to be overhauled for use by the mine there, which was still operating ex-SAR Class 19D and ex-RR 19th class locomotives. By June 2012, the first of these two was put into service. However the mine closed in late 2016 putting the entire fleet out of work and now up for sale (December 2018).[20][21]

Red Devil predecessor

As a trial run before SAR mechanical engineer David Wardale was granted permission to proceed to rebuild a Class 25NC 4-8-4 locomotive to the Class 26 Red Devil in 1979, he was allowed to carry out modifications to a Class 19D locomotive. The locomotive selected for the experiment was Krupp-built no. 2644, a particularly poor-steaming member of the Class at the time.[3]

No. 2644 at SANRASM's South Site, 3 February 2011, before being vandalised to the extent that it was scrapped in 2014

A gas producer combustion system (GPCS) and dual Lempor exhaust were installed, along with some other small improvements. The Lempor had a four-jet blastpipe with extended petticoats to provide truer ejector proportions. To accommodate the arrangement, the smokebox was extended by 300 millimetres (11.8 inches). Steam flow in the cylinders was improved by streamlining the edges of the piston valves which were each equipped with an additional valve ring to reduce leakage. The firebox was modified to the GPCS system wherein principal combustion is effected using secondary air introduced above the firebed through ducts in the firebox sides, while primary air was restricted through dampers and a redesigned grate.[3]

Firebox turbulence was created by steam jets and clinkering was inhibited by introducing exhaust steam under the grate. Sanding was improved and de-sanding jets were installed to clean the rails after the locomotive had passed.[3]

The modifications improved the locomotive's steaming rate and enabled it to achieve significantly higher power and significantly lower fuel consumption than other unmodified Class 19D locomotives, the coal savings and increased output being in the order of 20% to 25%. The success of this experiment convinced the SAR management at the time of the viability of the project which culminated in the Class 26 Red Devil.[3][4][22]


Preservation

Of the Class 19D , several survived into preservation. By 2018

Number (* MX tender)Works nmr.THF / PrivateLeaselend / OwnerCurrent LocationOutside South Africa?
2510Krupp 1622PrivateMunicipalityBarkly East (Town Centre)
2526Borsig 14643PrivateWaterval-Boven Locomotive Depot
2534Borsig 14651PrivateMunicipalityNaboomspruit (Town Centre)
2540 *Borsig 14657THFReefsteamersGermiston Locomotive Depot
2541Borsig 14658PrivateMunicipalityPotgietersrus (Town Centre)Domeles Boiler
2633Skoda 928PrivateSandstone Heritage TrustSandstone Heritage Trust
2637Skoda 932THFUmgeni Steam RailwayMasons Mill Locomotive Depot
2640 *Skoda 935THFVoorbaai Locomotive Depot
2649 *Krupp 1829THFGeorge Locomotive DepotLast steam locomotive to be used on the Outiniqua choo tjoe
2650 *Krupp 1830THFWonder Steam TrainsHermanstad (Station)Domeles Boiler
2654 *Krupp 1834PrivateSandstone Heritage TrustBloemfontein Locomotive DepotOPERATIONAL
2656 *Krupp 1836PrivateMunicipalityJan Kempdorp (Town Centre)Domeles Boiler
2666 *Krupp 1849THFQueenstown Locomotive DepotDomeles Boiler
2669Krupp 1852THFPatons Country RailwayCreighton (Station)OPERATIONAL Domeles Boiler
2678 *Krupp 1861PrivateSelebi-Phikwe copper mineSelebi-PhikweBotswana
2682Borsig 14738PrivateMunicipalitySchweizer-Reneke (Town Centre)
2683Borsig 14734THFVoorbaai Locomotive Depot
2685Borsig 14736PrivateUmgeni Steam RailwayKloofstation (Inchanga)OPERATIONAL
2688Borsig 14739PrivateMunicipalityWarrenton (Town Centre)Domeles Boiler
2689 *Borsig 14740PrivateSelebi-Phikwe copper mineSelebi-PhikweBotswana
2690 *Borsig 14741PrivateMunicipalityWakkerstroom (Town Centre)
2695Borsig 14746PrivateIan WelchPlimmertonNew Zealand
2696 *Borsig 14747PrivateMunicipalityVolksrust (Town Centre)
2698 *Borsig 14749THFVoorbaai Locomotive Depot
2702 *Borsig 14753PrivateRovos RailCapital Locomotive Depot
2709Borsig 14760THFKrugersdorp Locomotive DepotDomeless Boiler
2711Borsig 14765PrivateNorth West Agricultural MuseumLichtenburg
2714Borsig 14762THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
2749 *RSH 7262THFVoorbaai Locomotive Depot
2765 *RSH 7278PrivateSelebi-Phikwe copper mineSelebi-PhikweBotswana
2767RSH 7280PrivateNorth British Locomotive Preservation SocietyCreighton (Station)
3321NBL 26041PrivateCeres Railway CompanyRoyal Cape Yacht ClubOPERATIONAL (oil burner)
3322 *NBL 26042PrivateCeres Railway CompanyRoyal Cape Yacht ClubOPERATIONAL (oil burner)
3323 *NBL 26043THFGeorge Locomotive Depot
3324 *NBL 26044THFVoorbaai Locomotive Depot
3325NBL 26045THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
3327NBL 26047THFIan WelchBloemfontein Locomotive Depot
3328 *NBL 26048PrivateMunicipalityColigny (Town Centre)
3330NBL 26050THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
3332 *NBL 26052PrivateIan WelchBloemfontein Locomotive Depot
3334 *NBL 26054THFVoorbaai Locomotive Depot(oil burner)
3337NBL 26057THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
3341 *NBL 26061PrivateSelebi-Phikwe copper mineSelebi-PhikweBotswana
3345NBL 26065THFGold Reef CityGold Reef City
3348NBL 26068THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
3350 *NBL 26070PrivateSelebi-Phikwe copper mineSelebi-PhikweBotswanaPlinth Main Street
3356 *NBL 26076PrivateMunicipalityVryburg (Town Centre)
3360 *NBL 26080PrivateRovos RailCapital Park Locomotive DepotOPERATIONAL
3361 *NBL 26081THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
3364NBL 26084THFQueenstown Locomotive Depot
3366NBL 26086PrivateWonder Steam TrainsHermanstad (Station)Currently under restoration

Works numbers and renumbering

The table shows the Class 19D builders, works numbers, years built and engine numbers. Batch code symbols for the weight specifications as defined in the infobox are included in the "Notes" column.[1][8][9][10][11]

Illustration

The main picture shows Umgeni Steam Railway's Borsig-built no. 2685 with a domed boiler and a Type MX Torpedo tender at Inchanga Yard on 30 July 2006. The following pictures serve to illustrate Class 19D models from the various builders as well as boiler and tender variations.

  • Škoda-built no. 2636 with a domeless boiler and Type MR tender on a passenger train near Vryburg, Northern Cape, October 1971
  • FOTR's Krupp-built no. 2650 with domeless boiler and Type MX Torpedo tender, Cullinan, 26 September 2010
  • Saiccor's Borsig- built no. 2697 with domeless boiler and Type MP1 tender, Exchange Yard, Umkomaas, 2 July 2012
  • RSH-built no. 2749 with Type MX Torpedo tender, Voorbaai, Mosselbaai, Western Cape, 19 October 2009
  • Ceres Rail Company's no. 3321, converted to oil-burning, at Table Bay Harbour, 31 December 2016
  • Rovos Rail's NBL-built no. 3360 with Type MX Torpedo tender, Capital Park, Pretoria, 5 October 2009
  • NBL-built Caminho de Ferro de Benguela 11th Class 4-8-2 no. 401 at Lobito Station, Angola, 9 August 1972
  • Henschel-built Rhodesia Railways 19th Class no. 330 with Torpedo tender at right, Bulawayo, 2 August 1990
  • NBL-built Wankie Coal Co. 19th Class no. 1 at the No. 2 Colliery sidings at Hwange, Zimbabwe, 30 May 1990
gollark: This is obviously multiplication, actually?!
gollark: coral did, *somehow*.
gollark: I was not asking you, "bee" apio.
gollark: How did YOU guess which entry I wrote?
gollark: (which may or may not maybe be maybe implemented)

References
  1. Holland, D. F. (1972). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. 2: 1910-1955 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. pp. 93–96. ISBN 978-0-7153-5427-8.
  2. Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1946). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, November 1946. pp. 893-894.
  3. Durrant, A. E. (1989). Twilight of South African Steam (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, London: David & Charles. p. 104. ISBN 0715386387.
  4. Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 72–73. ISBN 0869772112.
  5. Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1946). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter VII - South African Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, Jul 1946. pp. 541-543.
  6. Information supplied by R.S. Loubser, son of M.M. Loubser
  7. Friedrich Krupp AG, Essen Listen-Verwaltung: Stw – works list as supplied by Piotr Staszewski
  8. Škoda-Werke, Plzen (Pilsen), Czechoslovakia works list, as supplied by Piotr Staszewski
  9. North British Locomotive Company works list, compiled by Austrian locomotive historian Bernhard Schmeiser
  10. South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. VIII, 45-46.
  11. South African Railways & Harbours/Suid Afrikaanse Spoorweë en Hawens (15 Aug 1941). Locomotive Diagram Book/Lokomotiefdiagramboek, 2'0" & 3'6" Gauge/Spoorwydte, Steam Locomotives/Stoomlokomotiewe. SAR/SAS Mechanical Department/Werktuigkundige Dept. Drawing Office/Tekenkantoor, Pretoria. pp. VIII, 6a-7a, 20-21, 28-28A, 45-46.
  12. Henschel & Son works list, compiled by Dietmar Stresow
  13. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 16: Eastwards from Germiston Part 4: Leven to Breyten and Bethal to Volksrust by Peter Micenko. Introduction. (Accessed on 27 April 2017)
  14. Soul of A Railway, System 1, Part 11: Cape Town-Kraaifontein-Malmesbury-Bitterfontein by C P Lewis. Caption 27. (Accessed on 2 December 2016)
  15. Soul of A Railway, System 8, Part 2: Pretoria: including local services, workshops and running sheds, Part 2. Captions 39, 57, 75 and 76. (Accessed on 18 March 2017)
  16. Pattison, R.G. (2005). Thundering Smoke, (1st ed.). Ilminster, Somerset: Sable Publishing House. pp. 127-130. ISBN 0-9549488-1-5.
  17. Durrant, A.E. (1997). The Smoke that Thunders, (1st ed.). Harare: African Publishing Group. ISBN 1-77901-134-2.
  18. Hamer, E.D. (2001). Locomotives Zimbabwe and Botswana, (1st ed.). Malmö: Frank Stenvalls Förlag. pp. 60-61. ISBN 91-7266-152-6.
  19. Turk, Andrew (February 1976). "Garratts Galore". Shepperton, Surrey: Ian Allan. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  20. Railways Africa, 14 September 2011: 19Ds to Selebi-Phikwe in Botswana
  21. Railways Africa, 12 June 2012: SA Locos in Botswana
  22. The Ultimate Steam Page
External video
Riding the Reverses with Class 19D 3323 on the Barkly East Branch Class 19D no. 3323, driven by Boepie Schutte, at work on the Barkly East branch on 26 May 2001, as part of a Steam Safaris tour. The Union Limited was staged at Lady Grey while the Class 19D hauled a mixed train as far as Ulrie and back. The video shows Reverses 1 through 6, plus some of the magnificent scenery that the line traverses. (Time 15:00)
External video
South African Steam: 19D Ceres and Porterville Branch Line Class 19D no. 3323 at work on a mixed train from Wolseley to Prince Alfred Hamlet and return on 28 May 2002. Class 26 no. 3450, The Red Devil, shunting empty wagons at Wolseley before a run through towards Dal Josafat. Class 19D no. 3321 and 3323 on the Union Limited from Hermon to Porterville. (Time 17:21)
External video
South African Steam: 10CR & 19D Loraine Gold Mine Open Day August 1997 Class 10CR no. 771 and Class 19D numbers 2765 and 3369, working at the Lorraine Gold Mine in the Free State, August 1997. (Time 8:42)
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