Natal Railway 0-4-0ST Durban

The Natal Railway 0-4-0ST Durban of 1865 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Natal Colony.

Natal Railway 0-4-0ST Durban NGR 0-4-0ST Durban
Natal Railway Company's 0-4-0ST Durban
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer Kitson and Company Builder Kitson and Company Serial number 1271 Build date Ex works 25 March 1865
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 0-4-0ST (Four-coupled)  • UIC Bn2t Driver 2nd coupled axle Gauge 4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Broader than the traditional 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Coupled dia. 48 in (1,219 mm) Wheelbase 7 ft 2 in (2,184 mm) Length: ​  • Over couplers 18 ft 8 ^3⁄4 in (5,709 mm) Fuel type Coal Firebox type Round-top  • Firegrate area 9.27 sq ft (0.861 m^2) Boiler: ​  • Type Domeless  • Pitch 5 ft 5 in (1,651 mm)  • Diameter 3 ft (914 mm)  • Tube plates 10 ft 6 in (3,200 mm)  • Small tubes 98: 2 in (51 mm) Heating surface 606 sq ft (56.3 m^2)  • Tubes 552 sq ft (51.3 m^2)  • Firebox 55 sq ft (5.1 m^2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 12 in (305 mm) bore 18 in (457 mm) stroke Valve gear Stephenson Couplers Buffers-and-chain
Career Operators Natal Railway Company Natal Government Railways Number in class 1 Official name Durban Delivered 1865 First run 1865

In 1865, the Natal Railway Company acquired a saddle-tank locomotive with a 0-4-0 wheel arrangement. This was the Natal Railway's second locomotive and was named Durban.[1][2]

Manufacturer

The second locomotive to be placed in service by the Natal Railway Company in Durban was a 0-4-0 saddle-tank engine named Durban. It was built by Kitson and Company and left the Kitson shops on 25 March 1865, with works number 1271. The locomotive arrived in Durban on 4 August 1865, on board the White Cross Line vessel Actaea.[2][3]

As built, the locomotive had an open cab area with a spectacle-type weatherboard as only protection for the crew against the elements. It is not known whether the engine was equipped with an enclosed cab post-delivery. It had a domeless boiler which took steam from the steam space above the firebox, with a sandbox mounted atop the boiler.[4]

Service

Natal Railway Company

For the next ten years, the entire locomotive fleet of the Natal Railway Company consisted of this locomotive and the engine Natal. By 25 January 1867, the original 2 miles (3.2 kilometres) line between Market Square in Durban and Point station at Durban harbour, had only been extended by a further 3.5 miles (5.6 kilometres) to Umgeni. From there stone, quarried from the Umgeni River, was transported to the harbour. No further railway development took place and the locomotive fleet was only expanded to three in January 1876, upon the arrival of the engine Perseverance, a 4-4-0 tank locomotive.[1][5][6]

Natal Government Railways

In 1875, the Natal Government Railways (NGR) was established. All the assets of the Natal Railway Company were taken over by the Colonial Government and became part of the NGR with effect from 1 January 1877.[1][6]

Since the Natal Government had decided to implement Cape gauge in conformance with the railways in the Cape of Good Hope and to extend the lines inland to Pietermaritzburg, up the north coast to Verulam and down the south coast to Isipingo, the existing tracks were regauged and the railway service life of two of the three locomotives came to an end.[5][6][7]

The engine Natal was sold to a farmer, while the still new engine Perseverance was converted for use as a stationary engine and employed to drive the sawmill machinery in the Durban workshops. It is possible, but not confirmed, that the saddle-tank locomotive Durban was regauged to Cape gauge and retained in service.[1][5]

References

1. Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, Devon: David & Charles. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
2. It's a Puzzlement, Article by Bruno Martin, SA Rail December 1990, pp. 214-215.
3. Kitson works list, compiled by Reg Carter, November 1997
4. New Light on Early Natal Locomotives, Article by Donald Bell & A.E. Durrant, SA Rail September-October 1994, pp. 164-166.
5. Dulez, Jean A. (2012). Railways of Southern Africa 150 Years (Commemorating One Hundred and Fifty Years of Railways on the Sub-Continent – Complete Motive Power Classifications and Famous Trains – 1860–2011) (1st ed.). Garden View, Johannesburg, South Africa: Vidrail Productions. pp. 19–20. ISBN 9 780620 512282.
6. The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, pp. 5-8, 18.
7. Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1944). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter III - Natal Government Railways. South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, May 1944. p. 337.