South African Class 10E1, Series 1

The South African Railways Class 10E1, Series 1 of 1987 is an electric locomotive.

South African Class 10E1, Series 1
10-071 at Pyramid South, Pretoria, 7 May 2013
Type and origin Power type Electric Designer General Electric Company Builder Union Carriage & Wagon Serial number 5659-5708 Model GEC 10E1 Build date 1987-1989 Total produced 50
Specifications Configuration: ​  • AAR C-C  • UIC Co'Co'  • Commonwealth Co-Co Gauge 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge Wheel diameter 1,220 mm (48.03 in) Wheelbase 13,460 mm (44 ft 1 ^7⁄8 in)  • Bogie 4,060 mm (13 ft 3 ^7⁄8 in) Pivot centres 10,200 mm (33 ft 5 ^5⁄8 in) Panto shoes 12,000 mm (39 ft 4 ^1⁄2 in) Length: ​  • Over couplers 18,520 mm (60 ft 9 ^1⁄8 in)  • Body 17,506 mm (57 ft 5 ^1⁄4 in) Width 2,906 mm (9 ft 6 ^3⁄8 in) Height: ​  • Pantograph 4,120 mm (13 ft 6 ^1⁄4 in)  • Body height 3,945 mm (12 ft 11 ^3⁄8 in) Axle load 21,210 kg (46,760 lb) Adhesive weight 126,000 kg (278,000 lb) Loco weight 126,000 kg (278,000 lb) Electric system/s 3 kV DC catenary Current pickup(s) Pantographs Traction motors Six GEC G425AZ  • Rating 1 hour 540 kW (720 hp)  • Continuous 515 kW (691 hp) Gear ratio 17:87 Loco brake Air, Regenerative & Rheostatic Train brakes Air & Vacuum Couplers AAR knuckle
Performance figures Maximum speed 90 km/h (56 mph) Power output: ​  • 1 hour 3,240 kW (4,340 hp)  • Continuous 3,090 kW (4,140 hp) Tractive effort: ​  • Starting 450 kN (100,000 lbf)  • 1 hour 335 kN (75,000 lbf)  • Continuous 310 kN (70,000 lbf) @ 35 km/h (22 mph) Brakeforce 175 kN (39,000 lbf) @ 15–45 km/h (9–28 mph) 2,187 kN (492,000 lbf) @ 45–100 km/h (28–62 mph)
Career Operators South African Railways Spoornet Transnet Freight Rail Class Class 10E1 Number in class 50 Numbers 10-051 to 10-100 Nicknames Broodblik (Breadbin) Delivered 1987-1989 First run 1987

Between 1987 and 1989, the South African Railways placed fifty Class 10E1, Series 1 electric locomotives with a Co-Co wheel arrangement in mainline service as a new standard heavy goods locomotive.[1]

Manufacturer

The 3 kV DC Class 10E1, Series 1 electric locomotive was designed for the South African Railways (SAR) by the General Electric Company (GEC) and built by Union Carriage & Wagon (UCW) in Nigel, Transvaal. GEC supplied the electrical equipment while UCW was responsible for the mechanical components and assembly.[2][3]

Fifty locomotives were delivered by UCW between 1987 and 1989, numbered in the range from 10-051 to 10-100. Contrary to prior UCW practice, GEC works numbers were allocated to the Class 10E1 locomotives. With the exception of the Class 9E, also a UCW-built GEC-designed locomotive, UCW did not allocate builder’s numbers to previous locomotives it built for the SAR, but used the SAR unit numbers for their record keeping.[1][4]

Characteristics

The Class 10E1 was introduced as a new standard 3 kV DC heavy goods locomotive. With a continuous power rating of 3,090 kilowatts (4,140 horsepower), four Class 10E1 locomotives were capable of performing the same work as six Class 6E1. The entire fleet of Class 10E1 electric locomotives uses electronic chopper control which is smoother in comparison to the rheostatic resistance control that was used in the Classes 1E to 6E1 range of electric locomotives.[2][5]

Brakes

The locomotive makes use of either regenerative or rheostatic braking, as the situation demands. Both traction and electric braking power are continuously variable with the electric braking optimised to such an extent that maximum use will be made of the regenerative braking capacity of the 3 kV DC network, with the ability to automatically change over to rheostatic braking whenever the overhead supply system becomes non-receptive.[2][6]

Bogies

The Class 10E1 was built with sophisticated traction linkages on the bogies. Together with the locomotive's electronic wheel-slip detection system, these traction struts, mounted between the linkages on the bogies and the locomotive body and colloquially referred to as grasshopper legs, ensure the maximum transfer of power to the rails without causing wheel-slip by reducing the adhesion of the leading bogie and increasing that of the trailing bogie by as much as 15% upon starting off.[2]

Orientation

This dual cab locomotive has a roof access ladder on one side only, immediately to the right of the cab access door. The roof access ladder end is marked as the no. 2 end. In visual appearance, the Series 1 and Series 2 locomotives are virtually indistinguishable from each other. Their shape earned them the nickname broodblikke (breadbins) amongst train crews.[1][7]

Service

Most of the Class 10E1 locomotives were placed in service at Nelspruit and Ermelo in Mpumalanga. In 1998, a number of Spoornet’s electric locomotives and most of their Class 38-000 electro-diesel locomotives were sold to Maquarie-GETX (General Electric Financing) and leased back to Spoornet for a ten-year period which was to expire in 2008. Of the Class 10E, Series 1, numbers 10-062 to 10-100 were included in this leasing deal.[4][7]

Works numbers

The Class 10E1, Series 1 GEC works numbers are listed in the table.[4]

Class 10E1, Series 1

Loco no.	Works no.
10-051	5659
10-052	5660
10-053	5661
10-054	5662
10-055	5663
10-056	5664
10-057	5665
10-058	5666
10-059	5667
10-060	5668
10-061	5669
10-062	5670
10-063	5671
10-064	5672
10-065	5673
10-066	5674
10-067	5675
10-068	5676
10-069	5677
10-070	5678
10-071	5679
10-072	5680
10-073	5681
10-074	5682
10-075	5683
10-076	5684
10-077	5685
10-078	5686
10-079	5687
10-080	5688
10-081	5689
10-082	5690
10-083	5691
10-084	5692
10-085	5693
10-086	5694
10-087	5695
10-088	5696
10-089	5697
10-090	5698
10-091	5699
10-092	5700
10-093	5701
10-094	5702
10-095	5703
10-096	5704
10-097	5705
10-098	5706
10-099	5707
10-100	5708

Liveries

All the Class 10E1, Series 1 locomotives were delivered in the SAR red oxide livery with signal red buffer beams and cowcatchers and a yellow V stripe on the ends, folded over to a horizontal stripe below the side windows. The number plates on the sides were mounted without the traditional three-stripe yellow wings. In the late 1990s many were repainted in the Spoornet blue livery with outline numbers on the long hood sides and with a yellow and blue chevron pattern on the buffer beams and cowcatchers. After 2008 in the Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) era, several were repainted in the TFR red, green and yellow livery.[8]

Illustration

• 
  No. 10-075 in Spoornet blue livery with outline numbers, Sentrarand, Gauteng, 8 October 2009
• 
  No. 10-078, now inscribed E10078, in Transnet Freight Rail livery at Pyramid South, Pretoria, 14 May 2013

References

1. South African Railways Index and Diagrams Electric and Diesel Locomotives, 610mm and 1065mm Gauges, Ref LXD 14/1/100/20, 28 January 1975, as amended
2. Paxton, Leith; Bourne, David (1985). Locomotives of the South African Railways (1st ed.). Cape Town: Struik. pp. 132–133. ISBN 0869772112.
3. "UCW - Electric locomotives" (PDF). The UCW Partnership. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
4. Middleton, John N. (2002). Railways of Southern Africa Locomotive Guide - 2002 (as amended by Combined Amendment List 4, January 2009) (2nd, Dec 2002 ed.). Herts, England: Beyer-Garratt Publications. pp. 50–52, 59–60.
5. Jane's Train Recognition Guide
6. Class 10E1 – Principle (sic) Dimensions and Technical Data (TFR leaflet used in driver training, circa 2010)
7. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 21: Witbank Line by Les Pivnic, Eugene Armer, Peter Stow and Peter Micenko. Captions 35-36. (Accessed on 4 May 2017)
8. Soul of A Railway, System 7, Western Transvaal, based in Johannesburg, Part 9. South-Eastwards as far as Volksrust (2nd part) by Les Pivnic. Caption 4. (Accessed on 11 April 2017)

External links

Media related to South African Class 10E1 Series 1 at Wikimedia Commons