South African Class 19E

The Transnet Freight Rail Class 19E of 2009 is a South African electric locomotive.

South African Class 19E
No. 19-009, 19-054 and 19-067 at the Richards Bay Locomotive Depot, 8 December 2013
Type and origin
Power typeElectric
DesignerMitsui
BuilderUnion Carriage & Wagon
ModelMitsui 19E
Build date2007-2011
Total produced110
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AARB-B
 • UICBo'Bo'
 • CommonwealthBo-Bo
Gauge3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Wheel diameter1,250 mm (49.2 in)
Length:
​
 • Over couplers18,300 mm (60 ft 0.5 in)
Axle load26,000 kg (57,000 lb)
Adhesive weight104,000 kg (229,000 lb)
Loco weight104,000 kg (229,000 lb) max
Electric system/sDual 3 kV DC & 25 kV AC 50 Hz catenary
Current pickup(s)Pantographs
Loco brakeElectro-pneumatic,
regenerative &
rheostatic
Train brakesAir
CouplersAAR knuckle Type F
Performance figures
Maximum speed120 km/h (75 mph) operating
132 km/h (82 mph) by design
Power output:
​
 • Continuous3,000 kW (4,000 hp)
Tractive effort:
​
 • Starting392 kN (88,000 lbf)
 • Continuous300 kN (67,000 lbf)
Career
OperatorsTransnet Freight Rail
Class19E
Number in class110
Numbers19-001 to 19-110
Delivered2009
First run2009

In 2009, Transnet Freight Rail placed the first of 110 Class 19E single-cab dual-voltage 3 kV DC and 25 kV AC electric locomotives with a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement in service on the Coalink line from Ermelo to Richards Bay.[1][2]

Manufacturer

The dual-voltage 3 kV DC and 25 kV AC Class 19E is the product of a joint venture by Mitsui for the design, Toshiba for the electrical equipment, Union Carriage and Wagon (UCW) for the bodies and the RSD division of DCD-Dorbyl for the bogies. It was locally manufactured by UCW in Nigel, Gauteng. Road testing on the Class 19E started in August 2008.[2][3][4][5]

Characteristics

The Class 19E was the first South African AC locomotive to incorporate regenerative as well as rheostatic electric braking. While regenerative braking was used on all South African 3 kV DC mainline locomotives dating back all the way to the introduction of the Class 1E in 1925, the notable exception being the Class 18E, all earlier 25 kV and 50 kV AC South African locomotives made use of rheostatic braking only.[6]

The locomotive uses Toshiba-made 3-phase AC motors, powered through Insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) control. It is a dual-voltage locomotive, designed to operate on either 3 kV DC or 25 kV AC. Like the earlier Classes 7E1, 7E4, 9E, 11E, 15E and 18E electric locomotives, these engines have driving cabs at one end only since they would only be utilised in multi-unit consists.[7]

As on the dual-voltage Classes 20E and 21E, the main electric circuit is automatically selected in either AC or DC mode based on the voltage of the overhead contact wire feeding the locomotive. To facilitate automatic trouble-free transition on the run, the locomotive is equipped with onboard voltage detectors, while the overhead wire is equipped with two wooden isolators and a 3 metres (10 feet) length of neutral wire to separate the AC and DC feeds. The neutral section is connected to the rails, which serve as the return conductor on electrified lines.[8]

The transition process requires that the locomotive should be switched off automatically before it reaches the isolators and the unpowered overhead wire section, and automatically restarted after exiting from under the unpowered wire. This is done by a pair of track magnets, one on either side of the neutral overhead wire and spaced 45 metres (148 feet) apart. The two magnets are mounted with their polarities reversed in relation to each other and they activate a magnetic relay, located underneath the locomotive, to do the switching off and restarting.[8]

By July 2009, Transnet Freight Rail (TFR) had taken delivery of the first three Class 19E locomotives, and UCW intended to deliver between six and eight new units per quarter.[9]

Service

The Class 19E locomotives were placed in service on the 580 kilometres (360 miles) long Coalink line from Ermelo to Richards Bay to haul export coal from forty-four coal mines in Mpumalanga to the Richards Bay Coal Terminal (RBCT), the export coal harbour in Richards Bay, KwaZulu-Natal. In the process, it relieved some Classes 7E, 7E1 and 7E3 electric locomotives on the Coalink Line for use elsewhere.

Illustration
  • No. 19-011 at Ermelo, Mpumalanga, 18 September 2010
gollark: "Interesting", yes.
gollark: * it's hard to balance because it's powerful
gollark: So first you're saying "it's hard to balance" and now "it's not very powerful"?
gollark: Which is probably not in *either* considering that viewpoint...
gollark: As already happens constantly.

References
  1. Railways Africa, 29 Aug 2008: First 19E Loco
  2. South African Railway News, 9 Apr 2009: TFR Class 19E Test Train / Information
  3. Railways Africa, 29 Aug 2008: First 19E Loco
  4. Toshiba Review Feature article (Japanese)
  5. Railways Africa, 1 Sep 2006: 220 Bogies on Order
  6. Toshiba Review, 2008, Vol 63 No 9
  7. Railways Africa, 2 Aug 2009: Visit to UCW
  8. Class 20E manual: Part 1: Locomotive Profile and Technical Data
  9. Railways Africa, 9 Jul 2009: Loco Delivery Delays

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