GNAI3

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAI3 gene.[5][6]

GNAI3
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2IHB, 2ODE, 2V4Z, 4G5O, 4G5R, 4G5S
Identifiers
Aliases	GNAI3, 87U6, ARCND1, G protein subunit alpha i3
External IDs	OMIM: 139370 MGI: 95773 HomoloGene: 55975 GeneCards: GNAI3
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human)[1] Band 1p13.3 Start 109,548,615 bp[1] End 109,600,195 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2] Band 3 F2.3|3 46.83 cM Start 108,107,280 bp[2] End 108,146,146 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • signal transducer activity • metal ion binding • protein domain specific binding • nucleotide binding • GTPase activating protein binding • guanyl nucleotide binding • GDP binding • G-protein coupled receptor binding • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding • G-protein coupled serotonin receptor binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • GTPase activity • GTP binding Cellular component • extracellular exosome • lysosomal membrane • cytoplasm • microtubule organizing center • Golgi apparatus • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • membrane • centrosome • midbody • membrane raft • zymogen granule • cytoskeleton • cell membrane • cell nucleus • nucleolus • Golgi membrane • endoplasmic reticulum membrane Biological process • cell cycle • signal transduction • negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity • GTP metabolic process • cell division • vesicle fusion • dopamine receptor signaling pathway • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • protein folding • adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • transport • positive regulation of macroautophagy • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • brain development • positive regulation of superoxide anion generation • positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity • positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation • negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2773	14679
Ensembl	ENSG00000065135	ENSMUSG00000000001
UniProt	P08754	Q9DC51
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006496	NM_010306
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006487	NP_034436
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 109.55 – 109.6 Mb	Chr 3: 108.11 – 108.15 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Interactions

GNAI3 has been shown to interact with:

• RGS10[7]
• RGS12,[8]
• RGS14,[8]
• RGS16,[9][10]
• RGS18,[11][12]
• RGS19,[13][14][15]
• RGS5,[9][16]
• RIC8A,[17] and
• S1PR1.[18]

See also

• Gi alpha subunit

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000065135 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000001 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Didsbury JR, Snyderman R (Jul 1987). "Molecular cloning of a new human G protein. Evidence for two Gi alpha-like protein families". FEBS Letters. 219 (1): 259–63. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)81228-0. PMID 3109953.
6. "Entrez Gene: GNAI3 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3".
7. Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG (Sep 1996). "RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity". Nature. 383 (6596): 175–7. doi:10.1038/383175a0. PMID 8774883.
8. Kimple RJ, De Vries L, Tronchère H, Behe CI, Morris RA, Gist Farquhar M, Siderovski DP (Aug 2001). "RGS12 and RGS14 GoLoco motifs are G alpha(i) interaction sites with guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor Activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (31): 29275–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103208200. PMID 11387333.
9. Chen C, Zheng B, Han J, Lin SC (Mar 1997). "Characterization of a novel mammalian RGS protein that binds to Galpha proteins and inhibits pheromone signaling in yeast". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (13): 8679–85. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.13.8679. PMID 9079700.
10. Beadling C, Druey KM, Richter G, Kehrl JH, Smith KA (Mar 1999). "Regulators of G protein signaling exhibit distinct patterns of gene expression and target G protein specificity in human lymphocytes". Journal of Immunology. 162 (5): 2677–82. PMID 10072511.
11. Yowe D, Weich N, Prabhudas M, Poisson L, Errada P, Kapeller R, Yu K, Faron L, Shen M, Cleary J, Wilkie TM, Gutierrez-Ramos C, Hodge MR (Oct 2001). "RGS18 is a myeloerythroid lineage-specific regulator of G-protein-signalling molecule highly expressed in megakaryocytes". The Biochemical Journal. 359 (Pt 1): 109–18. doi:10.1042/bj3590109. PMC 1222126. PMID 11563974.
12. Gagnon AW, Murray DL, Leadley RJ (Jul 2002). "Cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G protein signalling in human platelets". Cellular Signalling. 14 (7): 595–606. doi:10.1016/s0898-6568(02)00012-8. PMID 11955952.
13. De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG (Dec 1996). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (26): 15203–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.
14. Woulfe DS, Stadel JM (Jun 1999). "Structural basis for the selectivity of the RGS protein, GAIP, for Galphai family members. Identification of a single amino acid determinant for selective interaction of Galphai subunits with GAIP". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (25): 17718–24. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.25.17718. PMID 10364213.
15. De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG (Dec 1995). "GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (25): 11916–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916. PMC 40514. PMID 8524874.
16. Zhou J, Moroi K, Nishiyama M, Usui H, Seki N, Ishida J, Fukamizu A, Kimura S (Feb 2001). "Characterization of RGS5 in regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling". Life Sciences. 68 (13): 1457–69. doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00939-0. PMID 11253162.
17. Tall GG, Krumins AM, Gilman AG (Mar 2003). "Mammalian Ric-8A (synembryn) is a heterotrimeric Galpha protein guanine nucleotide exchange factor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (10): 8356–62. doi:10.1074/jbc.M211862200. PMID 12509430.
18. Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T (May 1996). "The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (19): 11272–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272. PMID 8626678.

Further reading

• Downes GB, Gautam N (Dec 1999). "The G protein subunit gene families". Genomics. 62 (3): 544–52. doi:10.1006/geno.1999.5992. PMID 10644457.
• Sidhu A, Niznik HB (Nov 2000). "Coupling of dopamine receptor subtypes to multiple and diverse G proteins". International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. 18 (7): 669–77. doi:10.1016/S0736-5748(00)00033-2. PMID 10978845.
• Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (May 1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 88 (9): 3907–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.9.3907. PMC 51562. PMID 1902575.
• Carty DJ, Padrell E, Codina J, Birnbaumer L, Hildebrandt JD, Iyengar R (Apr 1990). "Distinct guanine nucleotide binding and release properties of the three Gi proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 265 (11): 6268–73. PMID 2108158.
• Suki WN, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, Codina J, Birnbaumer L (Aug 1987). "The human genome encodes at least three non-allellic G proteins with alpha i-type subunits". FEBS Letters. 220 (1): 187–92. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(87)80900-6. PMID 2440724.
• Codina J, Olate J, Abramowitz J, Mattera R, Cook RG, Birnbaumer L (May 1988). "Alpha i-3 cDNA encodes the alpha subunit of Gk, the stimulatory G protein of receptor-regulated K+ channels". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (14): 6746–50. PMID 2452165.
• Itoh H, Toyama R, Kozasa T, Tsukamoto T, Matsuoka M, Kaziro Y (May 1988). "Presence of three distinct molecular species of Gi protein alpha subunit. Structure of rat cDNAs and human genomic DNAs". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 (14): 6656–64. PMID 2834384.
• Beals CR, Wilson CB, Perlmutter RM (Nov 1987). "A small multigene family encodes Gi signal-transduction proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (22): 7886–90. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.22.7886. PMC 299440. PMID 3120178.
• Kim SY, Ang SL, Bloch DB, Bloch KD, Kawahara Y, Tolman C, Lee R, Seidman JG, Neer EJ (Jun 1988). "Identification of cDNA encoding an additional alpha subunit of a human GTP-binding protein: expression of three alpha i subtypes in human tissues and cell lines". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 85 (12): 4153–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.12.4153. PMC 280384. PMID 3132707.
• Migeon JC, Thomas SL, Nathanson NM (Jul 1995). "Differential coupling of m2 and m4 muscarinic receptors to inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by Gi alpha and G(o)alpha subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (27): 16070–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.27.16070. PMID 7608168.
• Raymond JR, Olsen CL, Gettys TW (Oct 1993). "Cell-specific physical and functional coupling of human 5-HT1A receptors to inhibitory G protein alpha-subunits and lack of coupling to Gs alpha". Biochemistry. 32 (41): 11064–73. doi:10.1021/bi00092a016. PMID 8218170.
• Wu D, LaRosa GJ, Simon MI (Jul 1993). "G protein-coupled signal transduction pathways for interleukin-8". Science. 261 (5117): 101–3. doi:10.1126/science.8316840. PMID 8316840.
• Europe-Finner GN, Phaneuf S, Watson SP, López Bernal A (Jun 1993). "Identification and expression of G-proteins in human myometrium: up-regulation of G alpha s in pregnancy". Endocrinology. 132 (6): 2484–90. doi:10.1210/en.132.6.2484. PMID 8504751.
• De Vries L, Mousli M, Wurmser A, Farquhar MG (Dec 1995). "GAIP, a protein that specifically interacts with the trimeric G protein G alpha i3, is a member of a protein family with a highly conserved core domain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 92 (25): 11916–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.25.11916. PMC 40514. PMID 8524874.
• Laugwitz KL, Allgeier A, Offermanns S, Spicher K, Van Sande J, Dumont JE, Schultz G (Jan 1996). "The human thyrotropin receptor: a heptahelical receptor capable of stimulating members of all four G protein families". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (1): 116–20. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.1.116. PMC 40189. PMID 8552586.
• Lee MJ, Evans M, Hla T (May 1996). "The inducible G protein-coupled receptor edg-1 signals via the G(i)/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (19): 11272–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.19.11272. PMID 8626678.
• Solomon KR, Rudd CE, Finberg RW (Jun 1996). "The association between glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits in lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (12): 6053–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.12.6053. PMC 39187. PMID 8650218.
• Zhang J, Pratt RE (Jun 1996). "The AT2 receptor selectively associates with Gialpha2 and Gialpha3 in the rat fetus". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 271 (25): 15026–33. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.25.15026. PMID 8663053.
• Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG (Sep 1996). "RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity". Nature. 383 (6596): 175–7. doi:10.1038/383175a0. PMID 8774883.