Cefroxadine

Cefroxadine (INN, trade names Oraspor and Cefthan-DS) is a cephalosporin antibiotic. It is structurally related to cefalexin, and both drugs share a similar spectrum of activity.[1]

Cefroxadine
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Elimination half-life~1 hour
ExcretionRenal
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.052.157
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC16H19N3O5S
Molar mass365.40 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)

It is available in Italy.[2]

Synthesis

Cefroxadine can be prepared by several routes, including one in which the enol is methylated with diazomethane as a key step. A rather more involved route starts with compatively readily available phenoxymethylpenicillin sulfoxide benzhydryl ester (1).

Synthesis of cefroxadine[3][4]

This undergoes fragmentation when treated with benzothiazole-2-thiol to give 2. Ozonolysis (reductive work-up) cleaves the olefinic linkage and the unsymmetrical disulfide moiety is converted to a tosyl thioester (3). The enol moiety is methylated with diazomethane, the six-membered ring is closed by reaction with 1,5-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-5-ene (DBU), and the ester protection is removed with trifluoroacetic acid to give 4. The amide side chain is removed by the usual PCl5/dimethylaniline sequence followed by reamidation with the appropriate acid chloride to give cefroxadine (5).

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See also
  • Cefachlor

References
  1. Yasuda K, Kurashige S, Mitsuhashi S (July 1980). "Cefroxadine (CGP-9000), an orally active cephalosporin". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 18 (1): 105–10. PMC 283947. PMID 6998373.
  2. [No authors listed]. "Oraspor". Prontuario.it (in Italian). Elsevier. Retrieved 2010-07-31.
  3. R. Scartazzini, H. Bickel, DE 2331133; eidem, U.S. Patent 4,073,902 (1974, 1978 both to Ciba-Geigy).
  4. R. B. Woodward and H. Bickel, U.S. Patent 4,147,864 (1979); Chem. Abstr., 91, 74633J (1979).


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