List of β-lactam antibiotics

This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class. Antibiotics are listed alphabetically within their class or subclass by their nonproprietary name. If an antibiotic is a combination drug, both ingredients will be listed.

The β-lactam core structures. (A) A penam. (B) A carbapenam. (C) An oxapenam. (D) A penem. (E) A carbapenem. (F) A monobactam. (G) A cephem. (H) A carbacephem. (I) An oxacephem.

Penams

Penicillin G

Amoxicillin

Narrow-spectrum

β-lactamase-sensitive

β-lactamase-resistant

Broad spectrum

Extended spectrum (Antipseudomonal)

Carboxypenicillins

Ureidopenicillins

Cephems

Cephalosporin C

Cefoxitin

First generation (moderate spectrum)

Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cephalosporin C
Cephalothin
Cefapirin

Second generation (moderate spectrum)

With anti-Haemophilus activity

With anti-anaerobic activity

Third generation (broad spectrum)

Fourth generation (broad spectrum)

(With β-lactamase stability and enhanced activity against Gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

Fifth generation* (broad spectrum)

(activity against MRSA and variably VRE. *Not universally accepted nomenclature. NO Antipseudomonal activity , mostly ceftriaxone coverage with additional MRSA and some VRE)

Ceftaroline

Carbapenems and penems

(Broadest spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics)

Thienamycin

Monobactams

Aztreonam

Aztreonam
Tigemonam
Nocardicin A
Tabtoxinine β-lactam (does not inhibit penicillin-binding proteins)

β-lactamase inhibitors

Clavulanic Acid

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