Madame Tussauds

Madame Tussauds (UK: /tjuːˈsɔːdz/, US: /tuːˈsoʊz/)[1][N. 1] is a wax museum in London; it has smaller museums in a number of other major cities. It was founded by wax sculptor Marie Tussaud in 1835. It used to be spelled as "Madame Tussaud's"; the apostrophe is no longer used.[2][3] Madame Tussauds is a major tourist attraction in London, displaying the waxworks of famous and historical figures, as well as popular film and television characters from famous actors.

"Tussauds" redirects here. For the company, see The Tussauds Group.

Madame Tussauds (cream building) includes the former London Planetarium (dome) since 2010

Entrance sign in London

History

Background

Waxwork of Marie Tussaud (sculpting a waxwork) and her memorial plaque at the wax museum she founded in London

Marie Tussaud was born as Marie Grosholtz in 1761 in Strasbourg, France. Her mother worked for Philippe Curtius in Bern, Switzerland, who was a physician skilled in wax modeling. Curtius taught Tussaud the art of wax modelling beginning when she was a child. He moved to Paris and took his young apprentice, then only 6 years old, with him.[4]

Grosholtz created her first wax sculpture in 1777 of Voltaire.[5] At the age of 17, she became the art tutor to Madame Elizabeth, the sister of King Louis XVI of France, at the Palace of Versailles. During the French Revolution, she was imprisoned for three months and awaiting execution, but was released after the intervention of an influential friend.[4] During the Revolution, she made models of many prominent victims.[6]

Grosholtz inherited Curtius's vast collection of wax models following his death in 1794. For the next 33 years she travelled around Europe with a touring show from the collection. She married Francois Tussaud in 1795 and took his surname. She renamed her show as Madame Tussaud's. In 1802, she accepted an invitation from Paul Philidor, a lantern and phantasmagoria pioneer, to exhibit her work alongside his show at the Lyceum Theatre, London. She did not fare particularly well financially, with Philidor taking half of her profits.

She was unable to return to France because of the Napoleonic Wars, so she traveled throughout Great Britain and Ireland exhibiting her collection. From 1831, she took a series of short leases on the upper floor of "Baker Street Bazaar" (on the west side of Baker Street, Dorset Street, and King Street in London).[7] This site was later featured in the Druce-Portland case sequence of trials of 1898–1907. This became Tussaud's first permanent home in 1836.[8]

Origins

Poster for the Tussaud wax figures exhibition, Baker Street, London 1835

By 1835, Marie Tussaud had settled down in Baker Street, London and opened a museum.[9] One of the main attractions of her museum was the Chamber of Horrors. The name is often credited to a contributor to Punch in 1845, but Tussaud appears to have originated it herself, using it in advertising as early as 1843.[10]

This part of the exhibition included victims of the French Revolution and newly created figures of murderers and other criminals. Other famous people were added, including Lord Nelson, the Duke of Wellington, Henry VIII and Queen Victoria.[11]

Some sculptures still exist that were made by Marie Tussaud herself. The gallery originally contained some 400 different figures, but fire damage in 1925, coupled with German bombs in 1941, severely damaged most of such older models. The casts themselves have survived, allowing the historical waxworks to be remade, and these can be seen in the museum's history exhibit. The oldest figure on display is that of Madame du Barry, the work of Curtius from 1765 and part of the waxworks left to Grosholtz at his death. Other faces from the time of Tussaud include Robespierre and George III. In 1842, she made a self-portrait, which is now on display at the entrance of her museum. She died in her sleep in London on 16 April 1850.[12]

First Mortgage Debenture Stock of Madame Tussaud's Ltd., issued 15. September 1949

By 1883, the restricted space and rising cost of the Baker Street site prompted her grandson Joseph Randall to commission construction of a building at the museum's current location on Marylebone Road. The new exhibition galleries were opened on 14 July 1884 and were a great success.[13] But Randall had bought out his cousin Louisa's half share in the business in 1881, and that plus the building costs resulted in his having too little capital. He formed a limited company in 1888 to attract fresh capital but it had to be dissolved after disagreements between the family shareholders. In February 1889 Tussaud's was sold to a group of businessmen, led by Edwin Josiah Poyser.[14] The first wax sculpture of a young Winston Churchill was made in 1908; a total of ten have been made since.[15] The first overseas branch of Madame Tussauds was opened in Amsterdam in 1970.[16]

Ownership changes

In 2005, Madame Tussauds was sold to a company in Dubai, Dubai International Capital, for £800m (US$1.5bn). In May 2007 The Blackstone Group purchased The Tussauds Group from then-owner Dubai International Capital for US$1.9 billion;[17] the company was merged with Blackstone's Merlin Entertainments and operation of Madame Tussauds was taken over by Merlin.[17][18] After the Tussauds acquisition, Dubai International Capital gained 20% of Merlin Entertainment.[19] The Tussauds Group as a separate entity ceased to exist.

On 17 July 2007, as part of the financing for the Tussauds deal, Merlin sold the freehold of Madame Tussauds to private investor Nick Leslau and his investment firm Prestbury under a sale and leaseback agreement.[20] Although the attraction sites are owned by Prestbury, they are operated by Merlin based on a renewable 35-year lease.[18]

Recent status

Waxwork of Elizabeth I in London

Madame Tussaud's wax museum became a major tourist attraction in London. Until 2010 it incorporated the London Planetarium in its west wing. A large animated dark ride, The Spirit of London, opened in 1993. Today's wax figures at Tussauds include historical and royal figures, film stars, sports stars, and famous murderers. It has been known since 2007 as "Madame Tussauds" museums (no apostrophe).

In July 2008, Madame Tussauds' Berlin branch became embroiled in controversy when a 41-year-old German man brushed past two guards and decapitated a wax figure depicting Adolf Hitler. This was believed to be an act of protest against showing the ruthless dictator alongside sports heroes, movie stars, and other historical figures. The statue has since been repaired, and the perpetrator has admitted that he attacked the statue to win a bet.[21] The original model of Hitler was unveiled in Madame Tussauds London in April 1933; it was frequently vandalised and a 1936 replacement had to be carefully guarded.[22][23][24] In January 2016, the statue of Adolf Hitler was removed from the Chamber of Horrors section in the London museum in response to an open letter sent by a staff writer of The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, followed by significant support for its removal from social media.[25]

The first Madame Tussauds in India opened in New Delhi on 1 December 2017. Its operator, Merlin Entertainments, planned an investment of 50 million pounds over the next 10 years.[26][27][28] It features over 50 wax models, including political and entertainment figures such as Ariana Grande, Amitabh Bachchan, Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif, Sachin Tendulkar, Kim Kardashian, Tom Cruise, Leonardo DiCaprio, Scarlett Johansson, Angelina Jolie, Asha Bhosle, Kapil Dev, and Mary Kom.[29]

Museum locations

Entry of Madame Tussauds in Berlin

Madame Tussauds in New York City opened in 2000

Madame Tussauds opened in Washington, D.C. in 2007

Madame Tussauds opened in Hollywood in 2009

Asia

Wax figure of Queen Elizabeth II at Madame Tussauds in Shanghai, China

• Beijing, China[30]
• Chongqing, China[31]
• Shanghai, China[32]
• Wuhan, China[33]
• Hong Kong[34]
• New Delhi, India[35]
• Tokyo, Japan[36]
• Singapore[37]
• Bangkok, Thailand[38]
• Dubai, United Arab Emirates[39]
• Tashkent, Uzbekistan[40]

Europe

• Amsterdam, Netherlands[41]
• Berlin, Germany[42]
• Blackpool, United Kingdom[43]
• Istanbul, Turkey[44]
• London, United Kingdom[45]
• Prague, Czech Republic[46]
• Vienna, Austria[47]

North America

• Hollywood, United States[48]
• Las Vegas, United States[49]
• Nashville, United States[50]
• New York, United States[51]
• Orlando, United States[52]
• San Francisco, United States[53]
• Washington, D.C., United States[54]

Oceania

• Sydney, Australia[55]

In popular culture

Celebrity poses with their wax figures

Many times celebrities pose like their wax figures as pranks and publicity stunts.

• On 3 November 2009, the museum's New York City branch was featured in a segment on NBC's Today in which weatherman Al Roker posed in place of his lifelike wax figure for two hours and startled unsuspecting visitors, who were at first led to believe they were viewing Roker's wax counterpart.[56]
• In 2010, Ozzy Osbourne did similarly in New York to promote his Scream (2010) album.[57]
• NBA players Carmelo Anthony and Jeremy Lin pranked fans during the unveiling of their statues at the New York and San Francisco museums, respectively.[58][59]
• In 2015, Arnold Schwarzenegger posed as the Terminator statue in the Hollywood museum, to promote a charity event.[60]

Films

• Some sequences of the film Housefull 3 were shot in the Madame Tussauds, London.
• Parts of the film Fan (2016) were shot at Madame Tussauds, making it the first Indian film to be shot there.
• Madame Tussauds features in the film Shanghai Knights (2003).

Games

• Marie Tussaud is featured in an Assassin's Creed Unity side mission, where the player is tasked with retrieving the severed heads of which Madame Tussaud was commissioned to make replicas.

Literature

• There is a brief reference to Madame Tussaud's work in the Sherlock Holmes story "The Mazarin Stone".
• In Jules Verne novel Around the World in Eighty Days, his author says that the only thing the wax figures sculpted by Madame Tussaud lack is speech.
• In Elizabeth Bowen's novel The Death of the Heart (1938), Portia and Eddie have tea at Madame Tussaud's and Portia is disappointed that the waitresses are real and not made of wax.
• In the novel Edgar Allan Poe and the London Monster (2016) by Karen Lee Street, Madame Tussaud meets twice with Edgar Allan Poe and C. Auguste Dupin at her exhibition halls.

Music

• In Gilbert and Sullivan's song "My Object All Sublime", from The Mikado (1885), the title character sings of punishments fitting the crime, including:

The amateur tenor, whose vocal villainies
All desire to shirk,
Shall, during off-hours
Exhibit his powers
To Madame Tussaud's waxwork.

• Madame Tussauds is the focus of Steve Taylor's song "Meltdown (at Madame Tussauds)", which describes someone turning up the thermostat and causing the wax figures to melt.[61] Taylor wrote the song as "a new metaphor to ask [the] same question" as Jesus, "What good is it for a man to gain the whole world, yet forfeit his soul?"[62]
• The Beatles had their wax figures featured along with cardboard cutouts of various famous people in the cover art for Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967).[63]
• Several sculptures from the London branch (including George Bush and Tony Blair) appear in the music video "Pop!ular" by singer-songwriter Darren Hayes.
• Madame Tussauds sculptures are used on the cover of Rick Wakeman's album The Six Wives of Henry VIII. A waxwork of Richard Nixon also appears in the background.

Stage productions

• Marie Tussaud is mentioned in The Scarlet Pimpernel (first run on stage in 1903, first publication 1905).

List of notable wax figures

Main article: List of wax figures displayed at Madame Tussauds museums

London

Advertising man pasting a bill for Madame Tussaud's Chamber of Horrors, London 1877. Early exhibits included Burke and Hare. The chamber closed on 11 April 2016 and was replaced by the Sherlock Holmes Experience.[64]

Film	Music	Sports	Leaders and History
Shah Rukh Khan	Amy Winehouse	Jessica Ennis-Hill	Napoleon Bonaparte
Terminator	Michael Jackson	Muhammad Ali	Elizabeth II
Katniss Everdeen	Taylor Swift	Usain Bolt	Donald Trump
E.T.	Madonna	David Beckham	Richard Branson
Darth Vader	Lady Gaga	Mo Farah	Nelson Mandela
Spider-Man	One Direction	Tom Daley	Barack Obama
Audrey Hepburn	Miley Cyrus	Rafael Nadal	Vincent van Gogh
Steven Spielberg	Adele	Sachin Tendulkar	Albert Einstein
Kate Winslet	Britney Spears	Virat Kohli	Charles Dickens
King Kong	Rihanna	Cristiano Ronaldo	Stephen Hawking
Iron Man	Bob Marley	Bobby Moore	Pablo Picasso
Michael Caine	Freddie Mercury		William Shakespeare
Robert Pattinson	The Beatles		Mahatma Gandhi
Alfred Hitchcock	Dua Lipa		Narendra Modi
Daniel Craig	Lata Mangeshkar		Elizabeth I
Notes:[65]

Hollywood

The '90s	Spirit of Hollywood	Modern Classics	Movies	Pop Icons	Marvel	Country	A-List Party
Sarah Michelle Gellar	Bette Davis	Sylvester Stallone	Robin Williams	Whitney Houston	Iron Man	Paul Newman	Jennifer Lopez
Whoopi Goldberg	Marilyn Monroe	Tom Hanks	Edward Scissorhands	Michael Jackson	Thor	Clint Eastwood	Betty White
Britney Spears	Alfred Hitchcock	John Travolta	Jim Carrey	Madonna	Wolverine	John Wayne	Kylie Jenner
Selena Quintanilla	Elvis Presley		E.T.				Jason Derulo
	Audrey Hepburn						Demi Lovato
	Joan Rivers						Taylor Swift
	Judy Garland						Zoe Saldana
							Lady Gaga
							Justin Timberlake
							Snoop Dogg
							Rihanna

Nashville

Admissions	Recording Studio	Soul/Jazz	MTV	Opry Finale
Taylor Swift	Elvis Presley	Louis Armstrong	Rihanna	Keith Urban
Johnny Cash	Carl Perkins	Diana Ross	Beyonce	Reba McEntire
	Jerry Lee Lewis	Stevie Wonder	Katy Perry	Carrie Underwood
	Johnny Cash	Ella Fitzgerald	Miley Cyrus	Alan Jackson
			Justin Timberlake	Eric Church
			Bruno Mars	Jason Aldean
				Trisha Yearwood
				Kid Rock

Beijing

Leaders and History	Sports	Music Industry	Entertainment Industry	Film
Elizabeth II	David Beckham	Lady Gaga	Nicky Wu	Benedict Cumberbatch
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge	Li Xiaopeng	Elvis Presley	Yang Lan	Johnny Depp
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge	Lang Ping	Cui Jian	Liu Xiao Ling Tong	Leonardo DiCaprio
Barack Obama	Kobe Bryant	Luhan	Yang Mi	Kate Winslet
Vladimir Putin		Zhang Yixing	Leslie Cheung
Lao She		Avril Lavigne	Jackie Chan
Yang Liwei		Michael Jackson	Deng Chao
Mei Lanfang			Liu Wen
Hou Baolin			Yang Yang
			Zhao Liying
			Huang Xiaoming
Notes:[66][67][68][69][70]

Washington, D.C.

U.S Presidents	First Ladies	Cultural Icons	A-List	Music	Sports	Entertainment
Donald Trump	Michelle Obama	Uncle Sam	Marilyn Monroe	Marvin Gaye	Babe Ruth	Jimmy Fallon
Abraham Lincoln	Hillary Clinton	Rosa Parks	Zac Efron	Taylor Swift		Tyra Banks
Barack Obama	Nancy Reagan		George Clooney	Miley Cyrus
George Washington			Brad Pitt	Beyonce
			Angelina Jolie	Rihanna
			Johnny Depp	Justin Bieber
				Michael Jackson

Bangkok

History	Leaders	Arts/Sciences	Sport	Music	Film	Indian Film	TV	Hollywood
Princess Diana	Queen Elizabeth II	Albert Einstein	Wayne Rooney	Katy Perry	Hugh Jackman	Shah Rukh Khan	Oprah Winfrey	Jackie Chan
Mahatma Gandhi	Michelle Obama	Mark Zuckerberg	Yao Ming	Madonna	Mario Maurer	Katrina Kaif	Anne Thongprasom	Vin Diesel
Prince Mahidol Adulyadej	Aung San Suu Kyi	Ludwig van Beethoven	Serena Williams	Nichkun Horvejkul	Leonardo DiCaprio	Hrithik Roshan	Theeradej Wongpuapan	Brad Pitt
Princess Srinagarindra	Barack Obama	Pablo Picasso	Cristiano Ronaldo	Beyoncé	Johnny Depp	Prabhas		Lady Gaga
	Plaek Phibunsongkhram	Sunthorn Phu	David Beckham	Michael Jackson	Nicole Kidman			Bruce Lee
	Pridi Banomyong	Silpa Bhirasri	Khaosai Galaxy	Tata Young	Will Smith			Angelina Jolie

Blackpool

Music Stars	Sports	Comedy	Best of British
Lady Gaga	Joe Hart	John Bishop	HRH Queen Elizabeth II
Michael Jackson		Ken Dodd	The Duchess of Cambridge
Britney Spears		Alan Carr	The Duke of Cambridge
Freddie Mercury		The Two Ronnies	Joanna Lumley
The Beatles		Morecambe and Wise	Hugh Bonneville
Shirley Bassey		Paddy McGuinness	Jane Horrocks
Tom Jones		Keith Lemon	Susan Boyle
Johnny Rotten		Tommy Cooper	Cheryl
		Benny Hill	Simon Cowell
			Jane Horrocks
			Dame Helen Mirren
Marvel Super Heroes	Strictly Come Dancing	Coronation Street	I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out Of Here!
Captain Marvel	Bruce Forsyth	Deirdre Barlow	Anthony McPartlin
Thor	Craig Revel Horwood	Bet Lynch	Declan Donnelly
Hulk	Tess Daly	Ken Barlow	Bushtucker trial
Spider-Man	Claudia Winkleman	Jack and Vera Duckworth
Groot		Hilda Ogden
Rocket Raccoon		Michelle Connor
Iron Man
Notes:[71]

Las Vegas

TV Stars	Hollywood Stars	Pop Stars	Athletes
Sofia Vergara	Sandra Bullock	Britney Spears	Muhammad Ali
Simon Cowell	Leonardo DiCaprio	Whitney Houston	Chuck Liddell
Eva Longoria	Halle Berry	Lady Gaga	Tiger Woods
Kathy Griffin	Hugh Hefner	Michael Jackson	Shaquille O'Neal
Notes:[72]

New York

Actors	Musicians	Athletes	Leaders	Icons	Characters	Television	Fashion
Jennifer Aniston	Pharrell Williams	Carmelo Anthony	Barack Obama	Albert Einstein	ET	Jimmy Fallon	Adriana Lima
Leonardo DiCaprio	Selena Gomez	Lionel Messi	Ronald Reagan	Marilyn Monroe	Iron Man	Michael Strahan	Sofía Vergara
Jodie Foster	Rihanna	Muhammad Ali	Abraham Lincoln	Charlie Chaplin	Captain Marvel	Jon Hamm
Angelina Jolie	Katy Perry	Eli Manning	John F. Kennedy	Jacqueline Kennedy	The Incredible Hulk	Anderson Cooper
Whoopi Goldberg	Taylor Swift	Derek Jeter	Mahatma Gandhi	James Dean	King Kong	Tyra Banks
Julia Roberts	Ed Sheeran	Cristiano Ronaldo	Martin Luther King Jr.	Jenna Marbles	Nick Fury
Priyanka Chopra	Michael Jackson		Dalai Lama
	Avicii
Notes:[73]

Orlando

Justice League	Film	Party	History & World Leaders	Sports	Music	TV
Aquaman	Audrey Hepburn	Selena Gomez	Donald Trump	David Beckham	Justin Bieber	Neil Patrick Harris
Wonder Woman	Kung Fu Panda	Anne Hathaway	Albert Einstein	Serena Williams	Pitbull	Jim Parsons
Superman	Marilyn Monroe	Ryan Gosling	Abraham Lincoln		Miley Cyrus	Oprah Winfrey
Batman	Jackie Chan	Jennifer Aniston	Madame Marie Tussaud		Ricky Martin	Jimmy Fallon
	E.T	Will Smith	Neil Armstrong		Madonna	Sofia Vergara
	Shrek and Princess Fiona	Angelina Jolie	Walt Disney		Katy Perry
	Jennifer Lawrence	Brad Pitt			Rihanna
		Channing Tatum			Michael Jackson
		Johnny Depp			Elvis Presley
					Taylor Swift

San Francisco

Sports	History and Leaders	Music	Film
Jeremy Lin	Edwin Lee	Jimi Hendrix	Leonardo DiCaprio
Muhammed Ali	Steve Jobs	Adele	Alfred Hitchcock
Joe Montana	Barack Obama	Michael Jackson	Whoopi Goldberg
Tiger Woods	Abraham Lincoln	Lady Gaga	Steven Spielberg
Serena Williams	George Washington	Madonna	Marilyn Monroe
Stephen Curry	Martin Luther King Jr.	Rihanna	Audrey Hepburn
Notes:[74]

Shanghai

Sports	History and leaders	Music	Film	TV show
Sun Yang	Vladimir Putin	Teresa Teng	Bruce Lee	He Jiong
David Beckham	Barack Obama	Elvis Presley	Brad Pitt	Kangxi Lai Le
Michael Jordan	Nelson Mandela	Michael Jackson	Nicole Kidman	Zhou Libo
Ronaldo	Bill Clinton	Lady Gaga	Angelina Jolie	Fan Bingbing
Kobe Bryant	Winston Churchill	Madonna	Marilyn Monroe	Nicky Wu
Liu Xiang		Kylie Minogue	Audrey Hepburn	Sun Li
Yao Ming		Wu Yifan	Donnie Yen	Hu Ge
		S.H.E	Jackie Chan	Yang Yang
		Andy Lau	Yao Chen	William Chan
		Nicholas Tse	Chen Kun	Lee Minho
		Joker Xue		Zhang Yixing
Notes:[75]

Hong Kong

Sports	History and Leaders	Music	Film
David Beckham	Mao Zedong	Elvis Presley	Nicole Kidman
Yao Ming	Deng Xiaoping	Madonna	Brad Pitt
Tiger Woods	Queen Elizabeth II	Beyonce	Angelina Jolie
Ronaldinho	Diana, Princess of Wales	Britney Spears	Sir Alfred Hitchcock
Rudy Hartono	Sukarno	Lady Gaga	Johnny Depp
Maria Sharapova	Joko Widodo	Anita Mui	Jackie Chan
	William Shakespeare	Anggun	Bruce Lee
	Mahatma Gandhi	Lang Lang	Michelle Yeoh
	Jiang Zemin	Siwon Choi	Amitabh Bachchan
	Pablo Picasso	Nichkhun	Donnie Yen
	Saddam Hussein	Jay Chou	Andy Lau
	Adolf Hitler	One Direction	Jacky Cheung
	Narendra Modi	Michael Jackson	Leslie Cheung
		The Beatles	Leon Lai
		Jackson Wang	Audrey Hepburn
			Kim Soo-hyun
		Zhang Yixing	Bae Yong-joon
			Hugh Jackman (as Wolverine)
			Astroboy
			Pia Wurtzbach

Amsterdam

A-list	Music	Marvel	Fashion	Sport	World Leaders	DJ's	Film
George Clooney	Taylor Swift	Loki	Justin Bieber	Rafael van der Vaart	Barack Obama	Martin Garrix	E.T.
Zayn Malik	Ariana Grande	Thor	Doutzen Kroes	Rafael Nadal	Angela Merkel	Afrojack	Marilyn Monroe
Ryan Gosling	Adele	Hulk	Kate Moss		Dalai Lama		Daniel Craig
Angelina Jolie	Lady Gaga	Captain America
Johnny Depp	Dua Lipa	Iron Man

Vienna

World War II	Party & Hollywood	Sport	Film	Politicians & Visionaries	Arts & Culture	Music	History
Oskar Schindler	Angelina Jolie	Renate Götschl	Julie Andrews	Dalai Lama	Gottfried Helnwein	Freddie Mercury	Marie Antoinette
Winston Churchill	Taylor Swift	David Alaba	Daniel Craig	Queen Elizabeth II	Friedensreich Hundertwasser	Conchita Wurst	Napoleon
Leopold Figl	Benedict Cumberbatch	Hermann Maier	Alfred Hitchcock	Barack Obama	Ludwig Van Beethoven	Udo Jürgens	Maria Theresia
Karl Renner	Morgan Freeman	Herbert Prohaska	Sandra Bullock	Angela Merkel	Gustav Klimt	Michael Jackson	Anne Frank
	Kate Winslet		Peter Alexander		Luciano Pavarotti	Katy Perry
	Will Smith		Audrey Hepburn		Sigmund Freud	Hansi Hinterseer
	Lady Gaga		Romy Schneider			Elvis Presley
	Johnny Depp
	Leonardo DiCaprio
	Quentin Tarantino

Sydney

Bollywood	Justice League	Film & TV	History & World Leaders	Marvel	Music	Party	Sports	Fashion
Shah Rukh Khan	Superman	Eric Bana	Dalai Lama	Wolverine	Lady Gaga	Barack Obama	Layne Beachley	Megan Gale
Priyanka Chopra Jonas	Aquaman	Jackie Chan	Mahatma Gandhi	Spider-Man	Pink	Chris Hemsworth and Liam Hemsworth	Don Bradman	Miranda Kerr
Aishwarya Rai	Wonder Woman	Mel Gibson	Queen Elizabeth II	Iron Man	Adele	Rebel Wilson	Tim Cahill	Elle Macpherson
	Batman	Audrey Hepburn	Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge and Prince William		Taylor Swift	Nicole Kidman	Cathy Freeman
	The Flash	Alfred Hitchcock	Meghan, Duchess of Sussex and Prince Harry		John Farnham	Ryan Gosling	Lleyton Hewitt
		Steve Irwin	Bob Hawke		Kylie Minogue	Johnny Depp	Rod Laver
		Heath Ledger	Ned Kelly		Justin Bieber	Rove McManus	Glenn McGrath
		Olivia Newton-John	Arthur Phillip		Keith Urban	Dannii Minogue	Yao Ming
		Ray Meagher	James Cook		Katy Perry	Angelina Jolie	Sally Pearson
		Marilyn Monroe	Banjo Patterson		Jimmy Barnes	Cate Blanchett	Ian Thorpe
		Olivia Newton-John	Charles Kingsford Smith		Michael Hutchence	Delta Goodrem	Shane Warne
		Ian Smith	Julia Gillard		Ricky Martin	Leonardo DiCaprio	Mark Webber
		Curtis Stone	Hu Jintao		Rihanna
		E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial	Eddie Mabo		Michael Jackson
			Nelson Mandela		Troye Sivan[76]
			Albert Einstein
			Madame Marie Tussaud
			Mary MacKillop

Istanbul

Music	Cinema	Sport	Science and Culture	VIP Party	History and Leaders	Stars of The Middle East
Madonna	Marilyn Monroe	Arda Turan	Marie Tussaud	Angelina Jolie	Mehmed the Conqueror	Maya Diab
Beyoncé	Audrey Hepburn	Maria Sharapova	Albert Einstein	Brad Pitt	Mimar Sinan	Bin Baz
MFÖ	Jennifer Lawrence	Rafael Nadal	Leonardo da Vinci	Johnny Depp	Mustafa Kemal Atatürk	Nancy Ajram
Lady Gaga	Steven Spielberg	Lionel Messi	Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart	Julia Roberts	Tansu Çiller	Bin Baz
Demi Lovato	Tom Cruise	Hedo Türkoğlu	Sabiha Gökçen	Leonardo DiCaprio
Bob Marley	Tarık Akan	Cristiano Ronaldo	Steve Jobs	Beren Saat
Zeki Müren	Jackie Chan		Yaşar Kemal	Kıvanç Tatlıtuğ
Müslüm Gürses	Spider-Man			Tolga Çevik
Murat Boz	Harun			Kerem Bürsin
Aleyna Tilki	Vin Diesel
Justin Bieber
Notes:[77]

Gallery

• 
  The Sleeping Beauty is the oldest existing figure on display. It was modeled after Madame du Barry. She appears asleep and a device in her chest makes it seem as if she were breathing.
• 
  Madame Tussaud herself at Madame Tussauds in London
• 
  Alfred Hitchcock
• 
  The Beatles
• 
  Benny Hill (Credited Tussauds Gard)
• 
  Prince Charles and Camilla
• 
  Charlie Chaplin
• 
  Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
• 
  Pope John Paul II, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, the Dalai Lama, and Archbishop Makarios III
• 
  Princess Diana
• 
  John Wayne (London)
• 
  Olga Korbut (London)
• 
  Johnny Depp as Jack Sparrow
• 
  Keira Knightley
• 
  Kylie Minogue
• 
  Lady Gaga
• 
  Marilyn Monroe
• 
  Marlon Brando
• 
  Nelson Mandela
• 
  Pierce Brosnan as James Bond
• 
  Sachin Tendulkar
• 
  Mahatma Gandhi
• 
  Adolf Hitler (formerly in the Chamber of Horrors section in London)
• 
  Angelina Jolie
• 
  Spider-Man
• 
  Tommy Cooper
• 
  Kate Winslet

See also

• Chamber of Horrors (Madame Tussauds), London
• Marie Tussaud
• Madame Tussauds Amsterdam
• Madame Tussauds Beijing
• Madame Tussauds Blackpool
• Madame Tussauds Delhi
• Madame Tussauds Hollywood
• Madame Tussauds Hong Kong
• Madame Tussauds Las Vegas
• Madame Tussauds New York
• Madame Tussauds Rock Circus (1989–2001, London)
• Madame Tussauds San Francisco
• Madame Tussauds Shanghai
• Madame Tussauds Singapore
• Madame Tussauds Sydney
• Madame Tussauds Vienna
• Madame Tussauds Washington D.C.
• Merlin Entertainments

Notes

1. The family themselves pronounce it /ˈtuːsoʊ/.

References

1. Wells, John C. (2009). "Tussaud's". Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. London: Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
2. Rothstein, Edward (24 August 2007). "Ripley's Believe It or Not – Madame Tussauds". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 May 2010. Madame Tussaud (who gave the attraction its now-jettisoned apostrophe) ...
3. Times Online Style Guide – M: "Madame Tussauds (no longer an apostrophe)."
4. "The Baker Street Bazaar". 26 May 2012.
5. Du Plessis, Amelia. "England—Madame Tussauds". Informational site about England. Archived from the original on 13 December 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
6. "Marie Tussaud Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Marie Tussaud". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
7. Pilbeam (2006) pp. 102–106
8. Pilbeam (2006) pp. 100–104
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Bibliography

• Berridge, Kate (2006). Madame Tussaud: A life in wax. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-052847-8.
• Chapman, Pauline (1984). Madame Tussaud's Chamber of Horrors: Two Hundred Years of Crime. London: Constable. ISBN 0-09-465620-7.
• Deakin, Johnston and Markesinis (2008). Markesinis & Deakin's Tort Law. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-928246-3.
• Hervé, Francis, ed. (1838). Madame Tussaud's Memoirs and Reminiscences of France, forming an abridged history of the French Revolution. London: Saunders & Otley.
• McCallam, David (2002). "Waxing Revolutionary: Reflections on a Raid on a Waxworks at the Outbreak of the French Revolution". French History. 16 (2): 153–173. doi:10.1093/fh/16.2.153..
• Moran, Michelle (2011). Madame Tussaud: A Novel of the French Revolution. Crown. ISBN 978-0-307-58865-4.
• Pilbeam, Pamela (2006). Madame Tussaud: And the History of Waxworks. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 100–104. ISBN 1-85285-511-8.

External links

• Official Website