Leslie Cheung

Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing[1] (traditional Chinese: 張國榮; simplified Chinese: 张国荣; Jyutping: Zoeng1 Gwok3-wing4; born Cheung Fat-chung; 12 September 1956 – 1 April 2003) was a Hong Kong singer and actor. He is considered "one of the founding fathers of Cantopop" for achieving huge success both in film and music.

"Cheung Kwok Wing" redirects here. For the entrepreneur, see Paul Cheung Kwok Wing.

Leslie Cheung
張國榮
Leslie Cheung circa 1999
PronunciationCheung Kwok-wing[1]
Born
Cheung Fat-chung

(1956-09-12)12 September 1956
Kowloon, British Hong Kong
Died1 April 2003(2003-04-01) (aged 46)
Mandarin Oriental, Central, Hong Kong
Cause of deathSuicide by jumping
Resting placePo Fook Hill, Sha Tin
Citizenship
Alma materUniversity of Leeds
Occupation
  • Singer
  • actor
Years active1977–2003
Partner(s)
  • Teresa Mo (1977–1979)
  • Shirley Yim (1979–1980)
  • Ngai Sze-pui (1981–1983)
  • Cindy Yeung (1984–1985)
  • Daffy Tong (1985–2003)
Musical career
Also known asGor Gor (Chinese: 哥哥; lit.: 'Elder brother')[2][3][4]
Genres
InstrumentsVocals
Labels
Cheung Kwok-wing
Traditional Chinese張國榮
Simplified Chinese张国荣
Cheung Fat-chung
Traditional Chinese張發宗
Simplified Chinese张发宗
This is a Chinese name; the family name is Cheung.

Cheung debuted in 1977, and rose to prominence as a teen heartthrob and pop icon of Hong Kong in the 1980s, receiving numerous music awards including Most Popular Male Artist Awards at the 1988 and 1989 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards.[5][6] In 1989, Cheung announced his retirement from the music industry as a pop singer. Returning to the music scene after a five-year hiatus, Cheung released his chart-topping comeback album Most Beloved (寵愛) which achieved a huge market success. In 1999, he won the Golden Needle Award for his outstanding achievement as a musician at the RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards,[7] and his 1984 hit song Monica was voted as Hong Kong's "Song of the Century".[8] He was honoured as "Asia's Biggest Superstar" at the 2000 CCTV-MTV Music Honours.[9]

Cheung won the 1991 Hong Kong Film Award (Days of Being Wild)[10] and the 1994 Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award (Ashes of Time)[11] for best actor. He had also won the 1994 Japan Film Critics Society Award for best actor for his performance in Farewell My Concubine and ten other best actor nominations, five Golden Horse Awards, three Cannes Film Festival Awards,[12][13] an Asia Pacific Film Festival Award, and a Venice Film Festival Award.[14]

Cheung's music and films not only captured fans in Hong Kong but also other Asian areas including Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Mainland China, Japan and South Korea. He is the first foreign artist to hold 16 concerts in Japan, a record that has yet to be broken and also a record holder as the best-selling C-pop artist in Korea.[15]

Cheung was ranked in the 100 years of Chinese cinema.[16][17] In 2010, he was voted the third "Most Iconic Musicians of All Time" (after Michael Jackson and The Beatles) by CNN with more than 100,000 people casting their votes.[18] CNN considered Cheung as the "Most Beautiful Man from Hong Kong Cinema" and one of "Asia's 25 Greatest Actors of All Time".[19][20]

Cheung was diagnosed with depression and died by suicide on 1 April 2003, after jumping off the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel in Hong Kong.

Early life and education

Cheung was born Cheung Fat-chung in Kowloon, Hong Kong, the youngest of ten children in a middle-class Hakka family. Cheung Wut-hoi (張活海), his father, was a fairly well known tailor, whose customers included American actors William Holden, Marlon Brando, and Cary Grant.[21][22][23] His parents divorced when he was quite young. While in Hong Kong, Cheung attended Rosaryhill School at Wan Chai on Hong Kong Island. At age 12, he was sent to Norwich School in England.[24] He worked as a bartender at his relatives' restaurant in Southend-on-Sea and sang during the weekends. It was around this period that he chose his name, Leslie. According to Cheung, he chose this name because "I love the film Gone with the Wind. And I like Leslie Howard."[24]

In several interviews, Cheung stated he had had a fairly unhappy childhood. "I didn't have a happy childhood. Arguments, fights and we didn't live together; I was brought up by my granny."[24] "What I would say most affected me as a child, was that my parents were not at home with me. As a young kid, one could not always understand why his parents weren't at home. This made me depressed sometimes."[25]

Cheung attended the University of Leeds where he studied textile management. He continued university through the end of his first year when his father fell ill. After his father's recovery, Cheung did not return to England to complete his studies.[22][26]

Career

Following his participation in talent competitions, Cheung signed with Polydor Records in 1977 and released his first albums, I Like Dreamin and Day Dreamin, recording the full contents of the album in English. The albums flopped as did his first Cantonese-language album, Lover's Arrow, in 1979. During one performance in 1980, Cheung was booed by the crowd and the singer briefly departed from his music career, until signing with Capital Artists in 1982 where he released his breakthrough album, Wind Blows On that year. In 1984, his song "Monica" became the best-selling single in Hong Kong history and made Cheung a music superstar. Cheung would release more successful albums, including For Your Heart Only (1985), Stand Up (1986) and Admiration (1986). Cheung left Capital Artists in 1987 and released nine more albums on the Cinepoly label.

Cheung donated profits of the 1989 album Salute to the Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts, which was named the Leslie Cheung Memorial Scholarship after his death.[27]

Cheung's status as one of Hong Kong's biggest artists brought him in competition with fellow superstar Alan Tam (譚詠麟), leading to increasing hostility between their fans, starting a long-standing conflict that soon put heavy pressure on both singers. In 1988, Tam publicly quit all pop music award ceremonies. In 1989, Cheung announced his intention to retire from his music career as a singer. Cheung then set a record by being the first singer ever in Cantopop history to hold a retirement concert series Final Encounter of the Legend, which ran for 33 consecutive nights (he was 33 at the time) at Hong Kong Coliseum.

The turning point in Cheung's acting career came in 1986 with his starring role in John Woo's (吳宇森) A Better Tomorrow,[28] which broke Hong Kong's box office record. In the following years Cheung was praised for his performances in films which found popularity with audiences worldwide, including A Chinese Ghost Story (1987), Rouge (1987) and Wong Kar-Wai's Days of Being Wild (1991).[29]

Although Cheung quit his career as a pop singer from 1989 to 1995, he continued his music career as a songwriter. He composed more than ten songs during that time. In 1993, he won Best Original Movie Song Award from Golden Horse Film Festival for the theme song Red Cheek, White Hair to the film The Bride with White Hair (as a film score composer). In 1995, he wrote all three theme songs for the film The Phantom Lover. As for songwriting, Cheung won four nominations for Best Original Movie Song Award at the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards and two nominations for Best Original Film Song at the Hong Kong Film Awards. In 1998, he was a member of the jury at the 48th Berlin International Film Festival.[30]

In 1995 Cheung signed a contract with Rock Records, returning to music as a singer. At the same year, he released his first post-"retirement" album, Beloved. Beloved achieved large market success with the award of IFPI Best Selling Album.[31][32]

In 2001 Cheung collaborated with William Chang, the art director of Wong Kar-Wai's Days of Being Wild (1991), to make his music video Bewildered, about the intimacy between two gay men.[33] Japanese ballet dancer Nishijima Kazuhiro played Cheung's lover in the video.[33] The music video was demonized for advocating homosexuality and was banned by TVB, but Cheung refused to edit the scenes and censor himself.[33]

Cheung's last concert tour was the Passion Tour, which took place in Hong Kong and overseas from 2000 to 2001. Cheung collaborated with fashion designer Jean Paul Gaultier, transforming Cheung "From Angel to Devil" in four costumes: the Angel, the Pretty Boy, the Latin Lover, and the Devil – denoting cross-cultural drag and focusing on Cheung's androgyny and bisexuality.[33] Although Passion Tour was acclaimed in Japan, Korea, and Canada for Cheung's glamour and dignity in using drag performance through Gaultier's costume designs, in Hong Kong it was received with disapproval.[33]

In 2011, CCTV commented the "Passion Tour" that from performance form, art concept, costume props and audience response, all represent the highest standard of Chinese concerts, no one has ever surpassed.[33]

Personal life

In 1977, during the filming the RTV television series Love Story, the then 20-year-old Cheung met and fallen in love with his 17-year-old co-star, Teresa Mo (毛舜筠), and they got along after they finished the series. In 1979, Cheung proposed to Mo with flowers in marriage. But his sudden proposal startled Mo and she began to distance herself from him. Although Cheung and Teresa Mo eventually broke up shortly after the proposal and briefly lost contact, they later remained close friends again when they reunited for the 1992 film All's Well, Ends Well.

Cheung later went into a brief relationship with an actress Shirley Yim, the younger sister of Michelle Yim, but they broke up in 1980, due to their incompatibly for each other's lifestyles.

Cheung and Ngai Sze-pui (倪詩蓓), a Hong Kong model and actress whom he met on the set of ATV television series Agency 24, were in a relationship for two years from 1981 to 1983.[34] [35]

In 1984, at the house of Albert Yeung, Cheung met Cindy Yeung (楊諾詩), the youngest daughter of Albert Yeung who had recently returned from Boston. Cindy Yeung was also a fan of Cheung and was seven years younger than him. Cheung and Yeung went out on several dates until the latter returned to Boston. They continued their relationship through phone calls and letters, but would later part ways on the following year but still remained good friends. Cheung felt that if he was not in showbiz, he may have already been married with children like most of his friends.

In an interview in 1992, Cheung stated that "My mind is bisexual. It's easy for me to love a woman. It's also easy for me to love a man, too" and "I believe that a good actor would be androgynous, and ever changing."[33]

He announced his same-sex relationship with his childhood friend Daffy Tong Hok-tak (唐鶴德) during a concert in 1997, earning him prestige in LGBT communities in China, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong.[33] His relationship with Daffy lasted for almost 20 years until his death in 2003.

Cheung responded to questions regarding his love life: "In terms of lovers, I think I can be a better friend than a lover. Because I am a workaholic. To share my romance, that person has to compromise something." This statement was out during the interview following the release of the film Okinawa Rendez-vous in 2000.[36]

In a 2001 interview with Time magazine, Cheung said: "It's more appropriate to say I'm bisexual. I've had girlfriends. When I was 22 or so, I asked my girlfriend Teresa Mo to marry me."[37]

Citizenship

He moved to Vancouver in 1990 and became a Canadian citizen by naturalization.[38]

Charity work

Cheung was a supporter of several charities concerning children's welfare. He was a patron of the Children's Cancer Foundation, a charity that cares for young children with cancer and their families. Cheung donated HK$1 million (US$128,000) in 1996 and launched five sets of RED cards to help raise funds for the Children's Cancer Foundation.[39]

He was the first Cantopop star to launch a charity fundraiser at a concert. In 1996, although he rarely sang in public at that time, he sang three theme songs from his films to raise money for the elderly.[40]

For his 1997 concert at the HK Coliseum, Cheung set up a collection booth for the RED Card charity. Donations of HK$100 or above could obtain a set of cards. Cheung said, "I will lead the way, so I donated HK$1,000,000 to Hong Kong children's cancer fund in my own name." The concert raised more than HK$800,000, to which Cheung and his friends added more than HK$100,000, and made up a million Hong Kong dollars to donate to the cancer fund.[41]

He was also a patron of the End Child Sexual Abuse Foundation (ECSAF), founded by veteran actress Josephine Siao (蕭芳芳).

In 1999, at a party to raise relief funds in the aftermath of the Taiwan earthquake, Cheung participated in a fried rice tasting event. He donated HK$250,000 for a bowl of rice; this was matched by fan donations, bringing the total to HK$500,000.[42]

In 2000, Sun Entertainment opened the "Star Second-hand Shop", where second-hand goods donated by celebrities were auctioned to raise money for the "Sun Love Fund". Leslie Cheung was known for his very good taste, and he was the first to donate three well-loved, carefully selected pieces to the auction.[43] Leslie also donated his beloved badminton racket to IDclub Taiwan, to be auctioned to raise money for the children's cancer fund.[44]

In 1999 and 2000, he appeared in TVB charity shows to help raise funds for ECSAF, in which he was appointed a goodwill ambassador in 2002.[45]

In 2003, Cheung donated HK$100,000 to the Seedling protection fund, who were holding a large-scale charity night on the 12th of March. He told his party guests to give him cash instead of presents, then he donated all of the money that he received to the fund.[46]

Death and legacy
Leslie Cheung leapt from the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel (right) located at the Central district, Hong Kong Island.
3rd anniversary of Cheung's death, in Central, Hong Kong, 2006
"Miss You Much Leslie" exhibition at Times Square (Hong Kong), April 2013

Cheung died of suicide on 1 April 2003 at 6:43 pm (HKT).[47] He leapt from the 24th floor of the Mandarin Oriental hotel, located in the Central district of Hong Kong Island.[48] He left a suicide note saying that he had been suffering from depression. He was 46 years old.[49][50][51][52][53][54]

As one of the most popular performers in Asia, Cheung's death broke the hearts of millions of his fans across Asia and shocked the Asian entertainment industry and Chinese community worldwide.[49][55][56][57][58][59] The day after Cheung's death, his partner Daffy Tong confirmed that Cheung suffered from clinical depression and had been seeing Professor Felice Lieh Mak, a famous therapist, for treatment for almost a year. He also revealed that Cheung had previously attempted suicide in November 2002.[33] Later at his funeral, Cheung's niece disclosed that her uncle had severe clinical depression and suffered much over the past year. He is buried in Po Fook Hill, Shatin.

Despite the risk of infection from SARS and the WHO's warning on traveling to Hong Kong, tens of thousands attended Cheung's memorial service, which was held for the public, on 7 April 2003, including celebrities and other fans, many from other parts of the world such as mainland China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, the United States, and Canada. Cheung's funeral was held on 8 April 2003. For almost a month, Cheung's death dominated newspaper headlines in Hong Kong and his songs were constantly on the air. His final album, Everything Follows the Wind (一切隨風), was released three months after his death.

Cheung's suicide note (translation):

"Depression! Many thanks to all my friends. Many thanks to Professor Felice Lieh-Mak (麥列菲菲) (Cheung's last psychiatrist). This year has been so tough. I can't stand it anymore. Many thanks to Mr. Tong. Many thanks to my family. Many thanks to Sister Fei (沈殿霞). In my life I have done nothing bad. Why does it have to be like this?"

In a 2012 interview, Cheung's eldest sister, Ophelia, stated Cheung was diagnosed with clinical depression caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain.[60] She said that reporters were frequently found outside of her brother's home which hampered his ability to get to his doctor's facility. Thus, he would come over to her house to consult with his doctor. He would ask his sister, "Why am I depressed? I have money and so many people love me." He was reluctant to take medication for his depression.[61]

In 2013, Cheung's former music agent Florence Chan organised two memorial concerts entitled Miss You Much Leslie on 31 March and 1 April for the 10th anniversary of Cheung's death. Big names of the Hong Kong entertainment industry performed at the concert at Hong Kong Coliseum. In addition, in 2013, Cheung's fans from around the world made two million orizuru cranes for the Guinness World Record as a tribute to the anniversary.[62]

On 12 September 2016, on what would have been Cheung's 60th birthday, over one thousand fans joined Florence Chan in the morning at Po Fook Hill Ancestral Hall (寶福山) for prayers. At night, Cheung's fans club, Red Mission organised "Leslie Cheung 60th Red Hot Birthday Party" to commemorate Cheung. It was an outdoor birthday party at Central Harbourfront Event Space with a big LED screen[63] projecting Cheung's past video clips, concerts, songs and pictures. Eason Chan (陳奕迅) as a member of Red Mission joined the party singing one of Cheung's song "4 season" (春夏秋冬) as a tribute to Cheung.[64] In the same month, another fans club, United Leslie also celebrated the big day of this renowned star. United Leslie organised an exhibition and movie screening of Cheung's two selected movies in PMQ, Central of Hong Kong.[65]

Struggling with Hong Kong media and social prejudice

Cheung is well known for his prominent roles portraying gay characters in Happy Together and Farewell My Concubine.[51] A pair of red high heels Cheung wore during a performance of his song Red were described as "a top draw"[66] at an exhibit on androgynous fashion in Hong Kong. Many media outlets focused primarily on arguing about his gay identity instead of on his artistic achievement in film and music.[33] Before his death, Cheung mentioned in interviews that he had become depressed because of negative comments about gender-crossing in his Passion Tour concert.[33] He had planned to retire from stage performance because of the strain of being a gay artist in Hong Kong, facing stigmatization, surveillance, and marginalization.[33]

Asteroid

In 2018, 55383 Cheungkwokwing was named in memory of Leslie Cheung. The main-belt asteroid was discovered by Bill Yeung at the Desert Eagle Observatory in 2001.

Awards and nominations

RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards (十大中文金曲)
YearCategoryRecipientResult
1984Top 10 Gold Songs"Monica"Won
1985Top 10 Gold Songs"Wild Wind" (不羈的風)Won
1986Top 10 Gold Songs"Past Love" (當年情)Won
1987Top 10 Gold Songs"Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠)Won
Best CDSummer RomanceWon
Sales Award (Best-Selling Album of the Year)Summer RomanceWon
1988Top 10 Gold Songs"Silence is Golden" (沉默是金)Won
Top 10 Gold Songs"Don’t Need Too Much" (無需要太多)Won
IFPI AwardLeslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
1999Top 10 Gold Songs"Left Right Hand" (左右手)Won
Golden Needle Award (金針獎)Leslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
2000Top 10 Gold Songs"Big Heat" (大熱)Won
2002Silver Jubilee AwardLeslie Cheung (張國榮)Won

Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards (十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮)
YearCategoryRecipientResult
1983Top 10 Gold Songs"Wind Blows On" (風繼續吹)Nominated
1984"Monica"Won
1985"Wild Wind" (不羈的風)Won
1986"Past Love" (當年情)Won
"Who Resonates With Me" (有誰共鳴)Won
Gold Song Gold Award (金曲金獎)Won
1987Top 10 Gold Songs"Sleepless Night" (無心睡眠)Won
Gold Song Gold Award (金曲金獎)Won
1988Top 10 Gold Songs"Silence is Golden"(沉默是金)Won
"Closer" (贴身)Won
Most Popular Male Artist (最受歡迎男歌星)Leslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
1989Top 10 Gold Songs"Starting from Zero" (由零开始)Won
Most Popular Male Artist (最受歡迎男歌星)Leslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
1999Honours Award (榮譽大獎)Won
2000Four Channel Award (Best Album of the Year)UntitledWon
Honours Award (榮譽大獎)Leslie Cheung (張國榮)Won

Other music awards
YearAwardCategoryRecipientResult
1988Ultimate Song Chart AwardsUltimate Male Artist Gold AwardLeslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
1989Won
IFPI AwardSide Face (側面)Won
1999Ultimate Song Award (No. 1 Song of the Year)"Left Right Hand"(左右手)Won
Metro Radio Hit Music AwardsMetro Radio Hit Song of the YearWon
Metro Radio Top 10 Hit SongsWon
2000CCTV-MTV Music HonoursAsia's Biggest SuperstarLeslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
2001Chinese Pop Music Media AwardsBest Male SingerWon

Hong Kong Film Awards
YearCategoryFilmResult
1983Best ActorNomad (烈火青春)Nominated
1988A Better Tomorrow 2 (英雄本色2)Nominated
Best Original Film SongA Chinese Ghost Story (倩女幽魂)Nominated
1989Best ActorRouge (胭脂扣)Nominated
1991Days of Being Wild (阿飛正傳)Won
1994Best Original Film SongThe Bride With White Hair (白髮魔女傳)Nominated
1995Best ActorHe's a Woman, She's a Man (金枝玉葉)Nominated
Best Original Film SongWon
1996The Phantom Lover (夜半歌聲)Nominated
1997Best ActorViva Erotica (色情男女)Nominated
Best Original Film SongWho's the Woman, Who's the Man? (金枝玉葉2)Nominated
1998Best ActorHappy Together (春光乍洩)Nominated
2003Inner Senses (異度空間)Nominated

Golden Horse Awards
YearCategoryFilmResult
1991Best Leading ActorDays of Being Wild (阿飛正傳)Nominated
1993Best Original SongThe Bride With White Hair (白髮魔女傳)Won
1994He's a Woman, She's a Man (金枝玉葉)Nominated
1995The Phantom Lover (夜半歌聲)Nominated
1996Best Leading ActorTemptress Moon (風月)Nominated
Best Original SongNominated
Who's the Woman, Who's the Man? (金枝玉葉2)Nominated
1997Best Leading ActorHappy Together (春光乍洩)Nominated
2000Double Tap (鎗王)Nominated
2002Inner Senses (異度空間)Nominated

Other film awards
YearAwardCategoryFilmResult
1991Asia Pacific Film FestivalBest ActorDays of Being Wild (阿飛正傳)Nominated
1993Cannes Film Festival Best ActorFarewell My Concubine (霸王別姬)Nominated
1994Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards Best ActorAshes of Time (東邪西毒)Won
Japan Film Critics SocietyFarewell My ConcubineWon
Venice Film Festival Best ActorAshes of TimeNominated
1996Cannes Film Festival Best ActorTemptress Moon (風月)Nominated
1997Cannes Film Festival Best ActorHappy Together (春光乍洩)Nominated

Ming Pao Power Academy Awards
YearCategoryRecipientResult
2000Honorary AwardLeslie Cheung (張國榮)Won
Outstanding Male SingerWon
2002Best ActorInner Senses (異度空間)Won

Discography
Main article: Leslie Cheung discography

Filmography
Main article: Leslie Cheung filmography
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See also

References
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  2. Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. p. xxvii. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
  3. "Sina Entertainment News" (in Chinese). Xinhua News Agency. 3 April 2008. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  4. "Sina Entertainment News". Sina Corp. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  5. "1988 JSG Best Ten Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 3 June 2013. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
  6. "1989 JSG Best Ten Awards". TVB. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
  7. "RTHK Classics Channel". Rthk.org.hk.
  8. 張國榮Monica入選世紀金曲 1999-11-22
  9. "Acts Honored at CCTV-MTV Show in China" (1 July 2000) Billboard.
  10. "List of Award Winner of The 10th Hong Kong Film Awards". Hkfaa.com.
  11. "List of Winners of 1994 Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards". Filmcritics.org.hk. 17 February 1995.
  12. "In Competition Actors". Festival-cannes.fr.
  13. "In Competition Actors". Festival-cannes.fr.
  14. "Best Actor Award". Lesliecheung.cc. Archived from the original on 28 June 2013.
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  16. "Cheung Tops Asia's CCTV-MTV Honors", AllBusiness.com, Inc.
  17. "'Farewell My Concubine' most appreciated in HK", China Daily
  18. "Michael Jackson: Your number one music icon". CNN. 27 August 2010. Retrieved 20 September 2010.
  19. Hottest Men from HK Cinema CNN
  20. Asia's 25 Greatest Actors of All Time CNNGo 4 March 2010
  21. Kevin Thomas, "A Career In Full Plumet", Los Angeles Times, 22 June 1997, page 6
  22. Michel Ciment, Hubert Niogret, "Interview of Leslie Cheung", Positif no. 455/1999, Berlin, conducted on 21 February 1998
  23. Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, pp. 25–40, Saangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  24. Corliss, Richard (30 April 2001). "Forever Leslie". Time. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
  25. Leslie Cheung, "Leslie Cheung Autobiography", Commercial Radio Hong Kong, 1985, (also collected in Album Collection History-His Story by Capital Artist, 2004), an English translation can be found in here
  26. Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, p25-43, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
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  30. "Berlinale: 1998 Juries". berlinale.de. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
  31. "Leslie Cheung's Beloved are sold more than 300,000" Archived 14 April 2005 at the Wayback Machine, Min Pao Weekly, 28 Oct 1995, see
  32. Achievements of Leslie Cheung Archived 13 February 2005 at the Wayback Machine
  33. Yau, Ching (2010). As Normal As Possible. HKU: Hong Kong University Press. pp. 133–149.
  34. "倪詩蓓現狀_張國榮女友倪詩蓓資料簡介及照片曝光【圖】-老男人繁體中文版". Alididi.info. 19 September 2010. Archived from the original on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
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  36. {https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1ckXGoqnhw}
  37. Corliss, R. (2001). "Forever Leslie", Time (Asia Edition). Retrieved 17 December 2005.
  38. Lisa Odham Stokes, Michael Hoover, City on fire: Hong Kong cinema, p. 363, 1999.
  39. 為兒童癌病基金賣卡籌款 張國榮帶頭捐一百萬. 1996.12.12 蘋果日報
  40. 东方日报
  41. 1997--明报周刊
  42. 经济日报
  43. --2000太阳报
  44. ---2000 东方日报
  45. 張國榮「護苗」出錢出力 2002-05-21
  46. 2003.3.12 东方日报
  47. 陳淑芬細說 哥哥最後電話, Apple Daily, 29 March 2013
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  49. Stephen Kelly, "WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE LIKE THIS?" Leslie Cheung, 1956–2003", 8 May 2003
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  52. "Activities to Commemorate Leslie Cheung" Archived 4 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Xinhua, 2 April 2005
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  54. Bruce Einhorn, "Hong Kong: A City in Mourning", Bloomberg BusinessWeek, 14 April 2003
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  57. "Leslie Cheung's Suicide" Archived 29 August 2005 at the Wayback Machine Gothamist, 3 April 2003
  58. "Week of 5 April 2003". "Life in Legacy. Retrieved 28 March 2012.
  59. "Forty Thousands Fans Farewell Leslie Cheung in the Raining Night", Modern Business News, 4 April 2003
  60. 李明皙. "Leslie Cheung's depression cause was biological, according to his sister". Big5.china.com.cn.
  61. "张国荣忧鬱揭秘　生前求助白龙王不果". Oriental Daily.
  62. Leslie Cheung's origami display delayed Yahoo!! Malaysia
  63. "Red Mission 繼續張國榮歌影迷國際聯盟". Red Mission. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  64. "Leslie Cheung is remembered on his 60th birthday". 12 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  65. "Leslie Cheung Movie Screening". PMQ Hong Kong. 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  66. "The gender benders 丨 Focus HK". data:blog.title. Retrieved 10 May 2018. External link in |work= (help)

Further reading
  • Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham, World Music Volume 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, BBC Radio, 2000, ISBN 1-85828-636-0
  • Kei Mori, "夢想之欠片 (Broken pieces of dreams)", Renga Shyobo Shinshya Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-902603-55-1
  • Chitose Shima, "Leslie Cheung Interview", All About Leslie, p25–40, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 1999, ISBN 4-916199-10-3
  • Chitose Shima, Time of Leslie Cheung, Sangyo Henshu Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2004, ISBN 4-916199-59-6
  • Lisa Oldham Stokes (2007). Historical Dictionary of Hong Kong Cinema. Scarecrow Press. pp. 76–79. ISBN 978-0-8108-5520-5.
  • City Entertainment Editor Committee, Leslie Cheung's Movie World 2 (1991–1995), City Entertainment, Hong Kong, 2006, ISBN 962-8114-98-0
  • De Hui, Leslie Cheung's Movie Life I, II, Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House, Shanghai, 2006, ISBN 7-80678-557-4.
  • Yingjin Zhang; Zhiwei Xiao (2002). Encyclopedia of Chinese Film. London & New York: Routledge. p. 118. ISBN 0-203-19555-8.
  • Helen Hok-Sze Leung, "In Queer Memory: Leslie Cheung (1956-2003)" In "Undercurrents Queer Culture and Postcolonial Hong Kong", UBC Press, Vancouver, 2008, p. 85 -105, ISBN 978-0-7748-1469-0
Awards and achievements
Hong Kong Film Awards
Preceded by
Chow Yun-Fat for All About Ah Long 		Best Actor
1991 for Days of Being Wild 		Succeeded by
Eric Tsang for Alan and Eric Between Hello and Goodbye
Hong Kong Film Critics Society Awards
Preceded by
None		 Best Actor
1994		 Succeeded by
Stephen Chow
RTHK Top 10 Gold Songs Awards
Preceded by
Anita Mui		 Golden Needle Award
1999		 Succeeded by
Jacky Cheung
Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards
Preceded by
Alan Tam		 Most Popular Male Artist
1988, 1989		 Succeeded by
Andy Lau
Preceded by
Vacant		 Honours Award
1999, 2000		 Succeeded by
Anita Mui
Ultimate Song Chart Awards
Preceded by
None		 Ultimate Male Artist Gold Award
1988, 1989		 Succeeded by
Anthony Lun
Ming Pao Power Academy Awards
Preceded by
None		 Honorary Award
2000 (& Andy Lau)		 Succeeded by
Stephen Chow
Preceded by
None		 Outstanding Male Singer
2000		 Succeeded by
Eason Chan
Preceded by
Andy Lau for Love on a Diet		 Outstanding Actor in Film
2002 for Inner Senses 		Succeeded by
Andy Lau for Running on Karma
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