Sani language

Sani (Chinese: 撒尼; pinyin: Sani) is one of the Loloish languages spoken by the Yi people of China. It is one of six Yi languages recognized by the Chinese government, under the name Southeastern Yi. Sani is spoken in Shilin, Luliang, Luxi, Shizong, Yiliang, Malong, Luquan, and Mile counties by about 120,000 speakers.[3]

Sani
Southeastern Yi
Nì
Native toChina
EthnicityYi
Native speakers
100,000 (2007)[1]
Sino-Tibetan
Yi script
Language codes
ISO 639-3ysn
Glottologsani1269[2]

The Sani [sa˨˩ni˨˩] call themselves [ni21]. Their language is distinct from the closely related Samei, whose speakers call themselves Sani [sa21 ni53].[1]

Another group known as the Sa 撒 (autonym: Sani 撒尼) lives in Qiubei County (Yunnan 1960).[4] Yunnan (1960) considers it to be similar to Sani of Shilin County. Population: 1443.

Innovations

Pelkey (2011:378) defines two innovations that Sani and Axi both share with each other.

  1. Exclusive devoicing of tone category 1 proto-voiced initials (even if there is voiced retention in tone category 2). These words include 'fly (v.)', 'wing', 'bridge', and 'liquor'.
  2. Dominant -e/-ɛ reflexes of *-ak rhymes.
gollark: Ah, you have made a concurrency library with a strange API.
gollark: Yep, it does work.
gollark: PotatOS can now theoretically be removed by running `potatOS.begin_uninstall_process()` on any installation. This is untested, since my program seems to be unable to find the factors of 20039569799 very fast.
gollark: On the old wiki they would call that "deprecating" it, despite that being completely wrong.
gollark: Why not both?

References
  1. Sani at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Sani". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. Wang Chengyou [王成有]. 2003. Yiyu Fangyan Bijiao Yanjiu [彝语方言比较研究]. Chengdu: Sichuan People's Press [四川民族出版社]. ISBN 7540927658
  4. Yunnan minzu shibie zonghe diaocha zubian 云南民族识别综合调查组编 (1960).Yunnan minzu shibie zonghe diaocha baogao 云南民族识别综合调查报告. Kunming: Yunnan minzu shibie zonghe diaochazu 云南民族识别综合调查组.
  • Pelkey, Jamin. 2011. Dialectology as Dialectic: Interpreting Phula Variation. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
  • Ma Xueliang 马学良. 1951. Sani Yiyu yanjiu 撒尼彝语研究. Beijing: Commercial Press 商务印书馆.
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