Habei language

Habei (Chinese: 哈备; also known as Mani 玛尼[1]) is a Southern Loloish language of Yunnan, China. Hsiu (2018)[2] suggests that Habei belongs to the Bisoid branch.

Habei
Native toChina
RegionYunnan
EthnicityHani
Language codes
ISO 639-3None (mis)
GlottologNone

Background

Habei is spoken in only one village, namely Habei village 哈备村,[3] Zhemi Township 者米乡, Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County, Yunnan (Jinping County Ethnic Gazetteer 2013:89, 101).[4] The Habei people refer to their village as Kuang An (况安), meaning 'old village' (< kuang 'village' + an 'old').[5]

The Habei still preserve traditional animist rituals.[1]

The Habei language has been documented by Yan (1995) and He & Liu (2011).

Names

Autonyms and exonyms for the Habei are as follows (Yan 1995:60).

  • autonym: ma³³nɛ³³ (蛮尼)
  • Yao exonym: ta⁵⁵ka³³ (单嘎)
  • Lahu exonym: xa⁴²pe⁵⁵ (哈背)
  • Miao exonym: xa³³pe⁵³ (哈备)
  • Zhuang exonym: je³³u⁵⁵ (牙乌)
  • Hani exonym: xa³³pi⁵⁵, xa³³bø⁵⁵ (哈备)

Phonology

Habei has 32 onsets and 62 rimes (Yan 1995:67). The consonant inventory is similar to that of standard Hani of Lüchun County, but also has /f/ and /v/, which Lüchun Hani does not have. Final consonants are -p, -t, -k, -m, -n, and -ŋ.

There are 6 tones. In songs, only 4 tones are recognizable (Yan 1995:67).

Phrase examples

The following Habei phrase examples are from Yan (1995:69-70). Adjectives follow head nouns.

tɕen⁵⁵ɲi³²³lum²⁴
bowltwoCLS
Two bowls


ɣa³³sum⁵⁵na⁵⁵
chickenthreeCLS
Three chickens


kʰɤ tɕʰɔ³³ŋa²⁴tɕuŋ⁵⁵
shoefivepair
Five pairs of shoes


na³³ŋɤ³³tɕʰɛ³²³ma³³
2.SGPOShoe
Your hoe


ja³³tɕʰa³²³ŋɤ³³a³³xɤn³³
friendPOSsound
Friend's voice

Sentence examples

The following Habei sentence examples are from Yan (1995:68-69). Habei has SOV word order.

ŋa³³xaŋ²⁴iaŋ²⁴
1.SGriceeat
I eat rice.


na³³ti³³kʰa⁵⁵taŋ⁵⁵
2.SGliquordrink
You drink liquor.


ŋa³³ja³³pjɔ⁵⁵sum⁵⁵jo³³tɕa⁵⁵
1.SGchildrenthreeCLShave
I have three children.


na³³jɔ⁵⁵ka⁵⁵tɕʰa⁵⁵xa³³lo³²³lo³³tɕa⁵⁵
2.SGhouseholdpeoplehow.manyCLShave
How many people does your household have?


ja³³la⁵⁵a³²³la⁵⁵
3.SGcomeNEGcome
Is he coming?


ve³²³le³³ɣa³³lɔ³²³dʑɛ³²³za³²³a⁵⁵bɤ³³
pigandchickenbothlivestockPRT
Pigs and chickens are both domestic livestock.
gollark: Oh right, it reacted to itself.
gollark: Oh, 1/4 now.
gollark: We each have a 1/3 chance of winning the h, exciting.
gollark: I kind of prefer g, but I guess if it's a giveway I wouldn't mind h too.
gollark: "we like to look at things as if it all for us, as if something is so grand about us, in truth we can only be grand if we so choose, and can properly attain it. but if we can, then what ever IT is was never for us. and thus only a blip in time, our memory and all of action erased as if it was never there, what is so special about us? nothing really." sounds pretty nihilist.

References
  1. 哈备村玛尼人传统思维方式探析
  2. Hsiu, Andrew. 2018. Classifications of some lesser-known Lolo-Burmese languages.
  3. 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县者米拉祜族乡顶青村委会哈备村
  4. 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县民族志1979-2010. 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治県民族宗教事務局編. 雲南民族出版社. 2013年8月. ISBN 9787536757028
  5. Dao Jie [刀洁] . 2012. 哈备村:哈尼文化兼收并蓄的缩影. In Ethnic Today [今日民族], 2012(9).
  • He Shaoming 何绍明; Liu Jieting 刘洁婷. 2011. 国际哈尼/阿卡区域文化调查: 中国金平县者米哈尼族哈备人文化实录. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press 云南人民出版社. ISBN 978-7-222-07408-8
  • Yan Hongxin [晏红兴]. 1995. "Jinpingxian Hanizu Habeiren qingkuang diaocha" [金平县哈尼族哈备人情况调查]. In Jinping shaoshu minzu de lishi he wenhua [金平少数民族的历史和文化], p.59-72. Kunming: Yunnan Ethnic Publishing House [云南民族出版社].
  • You Weiqiong [尤伟琼]. 2013. Classifying ethnic groups of Yunnan [云南民族识别研究]. Beijing: Nationalities Press [民族出版社].
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