Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)

Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide) is an extremely potent carbamate nerve agent. It works by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase, causing acetylcholine to accumulate.[1][2] Since the agent molecule is positively charged, it does not cross the blood brain barrier very well.[1]

Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide)
Identifiers
Properties
C32H40Br2N4O4
Molar mass 704.504 g·mol−1
Appearance Solid
Melting point 121–125 °C (250–257 °F; 394–398 K)
Soluble
Solubility Soluble in polar solvents
Vapor pressure Negligible
Hazards
Main hazards Extremely toxic
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
16 μg/kg (Mice)
6 μg/kg (Rabbits)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

Toxicity

Octamethylene-bis(5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinolinium bromide) is an extremely toxic nerve agent that can be lethal even at extremely low doses. The LD50 in mice and rabbits is 16 μg/kg and 6 μg/kg, respectively.[3]

Synthesis

5-Hydroxyisoquinoline and dimethylcarbamoyl chloride is heated on a steam bath for 2 hours. The mixture is then cooled and treated with benzene. The resulting solid is then dissolved in water. Sodium hydroxide is added to make the solution basic. The solution is extracted with chloroform and then dried with magnesium sulfate. The solvent is evaporated and the solid residue is then recrystallized from petroleum ether. The resulting product, 5-dimethylcarbamoxyisoquinoline, is then mixed with 1,8-dibromooctane in acetonitrile and refluxed for 8 hours. After cooling, the precipitate is filtered and recrystallized from actonitrile. The product is then dried in vacuo for 14 hours at room temperature, resulting in the final product.[3]

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gollark: I do not, however, have any idea why, since I only changed the multicast address.
gollark: Remember how a while ago I was working on a multicast-based chat thing which mysteriously failed and lead me to complain about POSIX or whatever's socket API? I found a random stackoverflow question which prompted me to change one line and it somewhat works now.
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See also

References
  1. Gupta, edited by Ramesh C. (2009). Handbook of toxicology of chemical warfare agents (1st ed.). London: Academic Press. ISBN 9780123744845.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  2. Ellison, D. Hank (2007). Handbook of chemical and biological warfare agents (2nd. ed.). Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC. ISBN 9780849314346.
  3. "Isoquinilinium chemical agents". Google Patents.
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