Sullivan County, Tennessee

Sullivan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2010 census, the population was 156,823.[2] Its county seat is Blountville.[3]

Sullivan County
U.S. county
Sullivan County Courthouse in Blountville
Location within the U.S. state of Tennessee
Tennessee's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 36°31′N 82°18′W
Country United States
State Tennessee
Founded1779
Named forGeneral John Sullivan[1]
SeatBlountville
Largest cityKingsport
Area
 • Total430 sq mi (1,100 km2)
 • Land413 sq mi (1,070 km2)
 • Water16 sq mi (40 km2)  3.8%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2019)
158,348
 • Density379/sq mi (146/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.sullivancountytn.gov

Sullivan County is part of the Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol, TN-VA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area, commonly known as the "Tri-Cities" region.

Sullivan is Tennessee's second-oldest county;[4] it was established in 1779 when the area was still part of North Carolina. It was part of the extra-legal State of Franklin from 1784 to 1788.[5]

History

Sullivan County was created in 1779 from a portion of Washington County, and named for John Sullivan, a general in the Revolutionary War.[6] Long Island of the Holston in Kingsport had been an important landmark for the Cherokee. The island was the site of Fort Robinson, constructed in 1761 following the fall of Fort Loudoun further to the south, making the Sullivan area one of the earliest settled areas of Tennessee.[1]

Sullivan County was known as the Little Confederacy. Sullivan County was one of the few East Tennessee counties to support secession on the eve of the Civil War. In Tennessee's June 1861 referendum, the county voted 1,586 to 627 in favor of secession.[7]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 430 square miles (1,100 km2), of which 413 square miles (1,070 km2) is land and 16 square miles (41 km2) (3.8%) is water.[8] The western portion of the county lies within the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, which are characterized by long, narrow ridges roughly oriented northeast-to-southwest. The northeastern end of Bays Mountain, part of the Ridge-and-Valley range, rises southwest of Kingsport. The eastern portion of the county lies within the Blue Ridge Mountains.[9] Holston Mountain, which at 4,284 feet (1,306 m) is the highest point in Sullivan, straddles the county's eastern boundary with Johnson County.

In Kingsport, the South Fork Holston River and the North Fork Holston River join to form the Holston River, one of the tributaries of the Tennessee River. The Watauga River, a tributary of the South Fork Holston, forms part of Sullivan's boundary with Washington County to the south. The North Fork Holston forms part of Sullivan's boundary with Hawkins County to the west. Fort Patrick Henry Dam and Boone Dam both create large artificial lakes along the South Fork Holston southeast of Kingsport.

Blountville, Sullivan's county seat, is Tennessee's only unincorporated county seat.

Morrell Cave

Morrell Cave (also known as Worleys Cave) is a Tennessee State Natural Area. The cave has a surveyed length of 4.4 miles (7.1 km), making it the second longest cave in East Tennessee and the 177th longest cave in the United States.[10][11] Morrell Cave is located on the south side of the Holston River, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of Bluff City. During the Civil War, the cave was a major source of saltpeter, the main ingredient of gunpowder. Significant evidence of this mining activity remains in the cave, including evidence of large amounts of saltpeter-bearing dirt that were removed, pick marks in the dirt, and an elaborate system of trails used by the miners. Cave historian Marion O. Smith has determined that there were two companies of the Confederate Nitre and Mining Bureau, District No. 7, that were active in Sullivan County.[12]

Adjacent counties and independent city

National protected areas

State protected areas

Other protected areas

Major Highways

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
180010,218—
18106,847−33.0%
18207,0152.5%
183010,07343.6%
184010,7366.6%
185011,7429.4%
186013,55215.4%
187013,136−3.1%
188018,32139.5%
189020,87914.0%
190024,93519.4%
191028,12012.8%
192036,25928.9%
193051,08740.9%
194069,08535.2%
195095,06337.6%
1960114,13920.1%
1970127,32911.6%
1980143,96813.1%
1990143,596−0.3%
2000153,0486.6%
2010156,8232.5%
Est. 2019158,348[13]1.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[14]
1790-1960[15] 1900-1990[16]
1990-2000[17] 2010-2019[2]
Age pyramid Sullivan County[18]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 156,281 people living in the county. 95.5% were White, 0.6% Black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% Native American, 2.2% of some other race and 1.0% of two or more races. 4.8% were Hispanic or Latino (of any race).

As of the census[19] of 2000, there were 153,048 people, 63,556 households, and 44,806 families living in the county. The population density was 371 people per square mile (143/km²). There were 69,052 housing units at an average density of 167 per square mile (65/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 96.55% White, 1.89% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.21% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. 0.71% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 63,556 households out of which 28.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.10% were married couples living together, 10.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.50% were non-families according to the United States Census Bureau. Of 63,556 households, 1,915 are unmarried partner households: 1,702 heterosexual, 97 same-sex male, 116 same-sex female. 26.40% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.10% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the county, the population was spread out with 21.80% under the age of 18, 7.30% from 18 to 24, 28.40% from 25 to 44, 26.50% from 45 to 64, and 15.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,529, and the median income for a family was $41,025. Males had a median income of $31,204 versus $21,653 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,202. About 9.70% of families and 12.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.10% of those under age 18 and 11.90% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Sullivan County, like most of rural Tennessee is heavily Republican, but, unlike most of East Tennessee, has not voted consistently Republican since the Civil War. Being one of only six counties in East Tennessee and the only county in Northeast Tennessee to support the Confederacy, Sullivan County voted mostly consistently Democratic between the end of the Civil War and the mid-20th century, the only county in East Tennessee to do so. The last Democratic Presidential candidate to carry Sullivan County was southerner Jimmy Carter in 1976, who also managed to carry several other historically Republican stronghold counties in East Tennessee.

Presidential election results
Presidential Elections Results[20]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 75.4% 46,979 20.2% 12,578 4.4% 2,721
2012 72.7% 43,562 25.6% 15,321 1.7% 1,004
2008 70.0% 44,808 28.7% 18,354 1.3% 835
2004 67.9% 42,555 31.4% 19,637 0.7% 447
2000 60.1% 33,482 38.3% 21,354 1.6% 891
1996 54.4% 29,296 38.2% 20,571 7.4% 3,970
1992 50.6% 28,801 36.7% 20,935 12.7% 7,244
1988 64.7% 32,996 34.1% 17,396 1.2% 585
1984 67.8% 36,516 31.4% 16,925 0.7% 394
1980 51.4% 25,963 44.3% 22,341 4.3% 2,166
1976 47.2% 22,087 49.9% 23,353 2.8% 1,322
1972 71.6% 27,593 26.0% 10,007 2.4% 917
1968 50.6% 20,251 24.4% 9,783 25.0% 9,991
1964 47.6% 17,703 52.4% 19,496
1960 59.5% 22,354 39.2% 14,731 1.4% 513
1956 56.4% 18,903 42.1% 14,106 1.5% 497
1952 56.6% 15,596 43.0% 11,849 0.4% 118
1948 46.2% 6,984 50.4% 7,626 3.4% 510
1944 45.2% 5,223 54.5% 6,290 0.3% 31
1940 36.4% 4,153 63.3% 7,234 0.3% 34
1936 35.7% 3,492 64.0% 6,269 0.4% 34
1932 35.5% 2,999 63.0% 5,322 1.4% 121
1928 56.3% 4,149 43.7% 3,216
1924 40.0% 2,247 58.9% 3,313 1.2% 65
1920 45.4% 3,593 54.6% 4,327
1916 40.5% 1,776 59.3% 2,601 0.2% 7
1912 12.7% 538 57.1% 2,413 30.2% 1,277

Richard Venable is the county mayor. The county commission has 24 members.[21] Before 2010, commissioners were elected on a nonpartisan basis, but Sullivan County's commission election became a partisan election in 2010 after the county Republican Party decided to conduct a primary election for commission seats.[22]

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Unincorporated communities

Notable people
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gollark: In my country, yes.
gollark: Although to be honest a Pi0 may be underpowered for general use... so maybe a compute module or SOPine?
gollark: There's already the ZeroPhone, but it's bulky and not very good.
gollark: Oh right, also a back camera, forgot that.

See also

Further reading
  • Sullivan County, Tennessee Veterans History. Nashville: Turner Publishing Company (2001). ISBN 1-56311-774-6

References
  1. Blythe Semmer, "Sullivan County," Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture. Retrieved: 7 April 2013.
  2. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 7, 2013.
  3. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  4. Sullivan County official website. Retrieved: 6 November 2013.
  5. J.D. Lewis, "North Carolina Counties from 1664 to Present," 2004. Retrieved: 7 April 2013.
  6. Tennessee's Counties, Tennessee Blue Book, 2006.
  7. Oliver Perry Temple, East Tennessee and the Civil War (R. Clarke Company, 1899), p. 199.
  8. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
  9. Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, et al., "Ambient Air Monitoring Plan," Environmental Protection Agency website, 1 July 2010. Accessed: 18 March 2015.
  10. Bob Gulden, USA Long Cave List, April 16, 2007
  11. Larry E. Matthews, Caves of Knoxville and the Great Smoky Mountains (National Speleological Society, June 2008), pp. 253-276. ISBN 978-1-879961-30-2
  12. Laurie Adams, "History of Morrell Cave, Part I (Flittermouse Grotto of the National Speleological Society, August 1984).
  13. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  14. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
  15. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
  16. Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
  17. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
  18. Based on 2000 census data
  19. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.
  20. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
  21. Sullivan County Commissioner Information, official county website. Retrieved: 7 April 2013.
  22. John Osbourne, Partisan elections on tap for Sullivan County Commission, Kingsport Times News, November 20, 2009

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