Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42

28S ribosomal protein L42, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPL42 gene.[5][6][7]

MRPL42
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3J7Y, 3J9M
Identifiers
Aliases	MRPL42, L31MT, L42MT, MRP-L31, MRP-L42, MRP-S32, MRPL31, MRPS32, PTD007, RPML31, S32MT, HSPC204, Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42
External IDs	OMIM: 611847 MGI: 1333774 HomoloGene: 12106 GeneCards: MRPL42
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 12 (human)[1] Band 12q22 Start 93,467,488 bp[1] End 93,516,214 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 C2|10 49.39 cM Start 95,480,805 bp[2] End 95,501,940 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • structural constituent of ribosome • RNA binding Cellular component • mitochondrial inner membrane • cell membrane • ribosome • mitochondrion • mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit • mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit Biological process • mitochondrial translational elongation • mitochondrial translational termination • protein biosynthesis Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	28977	67270
Ensembl	ENSG00000198015	ENSMUSG00000062981
UniProt	Q9Y6G3	Q9CPV3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_014050 NM_172177 NM_172178	NM_026065 NM_001359476 NM_001359477
RefSeq (protein)	NP_054769 NP_751917	NP_080341 NP_001346405 NP_001346406
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 93.47 – 93.52 Mb	Chr 10: 95.48 – 95.5 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a protein identified as belonging to both the 28S and the 39S subunits. Further experiments will be needed to identify the specific subunit localization. Sequence analysis identified three transcript variants that encode two different isoforms. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 4q, 6p, 6q, 7p, and 15q.[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000198015 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000062981 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, Moseley A, Spremulli LL (May 2001). "The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present". J Biol Chem. 276 (22): 19363–74. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100727200. PMID 11279123.
6. Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY, Lu G, Zhong M, Xu XR, Han ZG, Zhang JW, Tao J, Huang QH, Zhou J, Hu GX, Gu J, Chen SJ, Chen Z (Nov 2000). "Cloning and functional analysis of cDNAs with open reading frames for 300 previously undefined genes expressed in CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells". Genome Res. 10 (10): 1546–60. doi:10.1101/gr.140200. PMC 310934. PMID 11042152.
7. "Entrez Gene: MRPL42 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42".

Further reading

• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
• Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC 311072. PMID 11230166.
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, et al. (2001). "The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders". Genomics. 77 (1–2): 65–70. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6622. PMID 11543634.
• Koc EC, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, et al. (2001). "The large subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Analysis of the complement of ribosomal proteins present". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (47): 43958–69. doi:10.1074/jbc.M106510200. PMID 11551941.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M (2003). "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome". Genomics. 81 (5): 468–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1. PMID 12706105.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070.