1013

Year in topic Year 1013 (MXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	10th century 11th century 12th century
Decades:	990s 1000s 1010s 1020s 1030s
Years:	1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016

1013 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1013 MXIII
Ab urbe condita	1766
Armenian calendar	462 ԹՎ ՆԿԲ
Assyrian calendar	5763
Balinese saka calendar	934–935
Bengali calendar	420
Berber calendar	1963
English Regnal year	N/A
Buddhist calendar	1557
Burmese calendar	375
Byzantine calendar	6521–6522
Chinese calendar	壬子年 (Water Rat) 3709 or 3649     — to — 癸丑年 (Water Ox) 3710 or 3650
Coptic calendar	729–730
Discordian calendar	2179
Ethiopian calendar	1005–1006
Hebrew calendar	4773–4774
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1069–1070
- Shaka Samvat	934–935
- Kali Yuga	4113–4114
Holocene calendar	11013
Igbo calendar	13–14
Iranian calendar	391–392
Islamic calendar	403–404
Japanese calendar	Chōwa 2 (長和２年)
Javanese calendar	915–916
Julian calendar	1013 MXIII
Korean calendar	3346
Minguo calendar	899 before ROC 民前899年
Nanakshahi calendar	−455
Seleucid era	1324/1325 AG
Thai solar calendar	1555–1556
Tibetan calendar	阳水鼠年 (male Water-Rat) 1139 or 758 or −14     — to — 阴水牛年 (female Water-Ox) 1140 or 759 or −13

King Sweyn Forkbeard (960–1014)

Events

By place

Europe

• King Henry II of Germany signs a peace treaty at Merseburg with Duke Bolesław I (the Brave) of Poland. As part of the treaty, Bolesław pays homage and recognizes Henry as his overlord in exchange for receiving the March of Lusatia (including the town of Bautzen) and the March of Meissen as fiefs. To seal their peace, Bolesław's son Mieszko II marries Richeza of Lotharingia (granddaughter of the late Emperor Otto II).
• Sulayman ibn al-Hakam reconquers the Caliphate of Córdoba in Al-Andalus (modern Spain) and deposes Hisham II. Sulayman becomes the fifth Umayyad caliph of Córdoba (until 1016).
• Winter – Henry II (anxious to be crowned as Holy Roman Emperor) mobilises a German expeditionary army at Augsburg, to begin his second Italian military campaign.

England

• Summer – Danish Viking raiders led by Sweyn Forkbeard (accompanied by his son Cnut) sail from Denmark to attack England. Again London defends itself and the Vikings move elsewhere, plundering Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria. King Æthelred II (the Unready) sends his sons Edward and Alfred to Normandy. Æthelred retreats to the Isle of Wight and follows them later into exile.[1]
• December 25 – Sweyn Forkbeard takes control of the Danelaw and is proclaimed king of England in London. Some of the English provinces refuse to pay homage to Sweyn, who has no dynastic right to claim the throne.[1][2]

Asia

• The Four Great Books of Song, the Song Dynasty Chinese encyclopedia Prime Tortoise of the Record Bureau (which had been compiled since 1005), is completed in 1,000 volumes of 9.4 million written Chinese characters.
• Kaifeng, capital of China, becomes the largest city of the world, taking the lead from Córdoba in Al-Andalus (modern Spain).[3][4]

By topic

Medicine

• Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (called father of surgery) dies. He writes Al-Tasrif (The Method of Medicine), a 30-part medical encyclopedia in Arabic. Introducing his collection of over 200 surgical instruments.

Religion

• Æthelred II appoints Lyfing as archbishop of Canterbury. He restores Canterbury Cathedral, adding porticus towers and a massive westwork.[5]
• Beauvais changes from a county to a bishopric (approximate date).

Births

• July 18 – Hermann of Reichenau, German music theorist (d. 1054)
• August 15 – Teishi (Yōmeimon-in), Japanese empress (d. 1094)
• Abu al-Walid al-Baji, Moorish scholar and poet (d. 1081)
• Guaimar IV, Italian nobleman (approximate date)
• Isaac Alfasi, Algerian Talmudist and posek (d. 1103)
• Richeza (or Adelaide), queen of Hungary (d. 1075)

Deaths

• April 19 – Hisham II, caliph of Córdoba (Spain) (b. 966)
• June 5 – Al-Baqillani, Arab theologian, jurist and logician
• Al-Mahdi al-Husayn, Zaidi imam of Yemen (b. 987)
• Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi, Arab physician and surgeon (b. 936)
• Giselbert I, count of Roussillon (Spain) (or 1014)
• Mufarrij ibn Daghfal ibn al-Jarrah, Jarrahid emir
• Reginar IV, French nobleman (approximate date)

References

1. Palmer & Palmer 1992.
2. Williams 2005.
3. Chandler 1989.
4. Rosenberg 2001.
5. Fryde, et al. Handbook of British Chronology, p. 214.

Sources

• Chandler, Tertius (1989). Four Thousand Years of Urban Growth. Edwin Mellen Press. ISBN 978-0889462076.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

• Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd / Barrie & Jenkins. pp. 48–49. ISBN 978-0712656160.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

• Rosenberg, Matt T. (2001). "Largest Cities Through History". About.com. Archived from the original on February 18, 2001.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

• Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-0304357307.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)