Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay is the Academy Award for the best screenplay not based upon previously published material. It was created in 1940 as a separate writing award from the Academy Award for Best Story. Beginning with the Oscars for 1957, the two categories were combined to honor only the screenplay.
| Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay | |
|---|---|
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) |
| First awarded | 1940 |
| Most recent winner | Bong Joon-ho Han Jin-won Parasite (2019) |
| Website | oscars |
See also the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, a similar award for screenplays that are adaptations.
Superlatives
Woody Allen has the most nominations in this category with 16, and the most awards with 3 (for Annie Hall, Hannah and Her Sisters, and Midnight in Paris). Paddy Chayefsky has also won three screenwriting Oscars: two for Original Screenplay (The Hospital and Network) and one for Adapted Screenplay (Marty).
Woody Allen also holds the record as the oldest winner (76) for Midnight in Paris.[1] Ben Affleck is the youngest winner (25) for Good Will Hunting, co-written with Matt Damon (27).
Richard Schweizer was the first to win for a foreign-language film, Marie-Louise. Other winners for a non-English screenplay include Albert Lamorisse, Pietro Germi, Claude Lelouch, Pedro Almodóvar, Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won. Lamorisse is additionally the only person to win or even be nominated for Best Original Screenplay for a short film (The Red Balloon, 1956).[2]
Muriel Box (The Seventh Veil) was the first woman to win in this category; she shared the award with her husband, Sydney Box. The Boxes are also the first of two married couples to win in this category; Earl W. Wallace and Pamela Wallace (Witness) are the others.
In 1996, Joel Coen and Ethan Coen became the only siblings to win in this category (for Fargo).[3] Francis Ford Coppola (Patton, 1970) [4] and Sofia Coppola (Lost in Translation, 2003) are the only father-daughter pair to win.[5]
Preston Sturges was nominated for two different films in the same year (1944): Hail the Conquering Hero and The Miracle of Morgan's Creek. Oliver Stone achieved the same distinction in 1986, for Platoon and Salvador. Maurice Richlin and Stanley Shapiro were nominated in 1959 for both Operation Petticoat and Pillow Talk and won for the latter.
Jordan Peele became the first and only African-American to win in this category for 2017's Get Out.[6]
Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won became the first Asian writers to win either Screenplay award, for 2019's Parasite.[7][8]
Winners and nominees
Herman J. Mankiewicz, co-winner of the second award in this category (for Citizen Kane).
Orson Welles co-won the award for Citizen Kane in 1942.
Screenwriter and director Billy Wilder received two awards in this category in collaboration with others—one for Sunset Boulevard and one for The Apartment.
William Inge earned this award in 1961 for Splendor in the Grass.
William Rose (center right) won once in this category from three nominations.
Mel Brooks won in 1969 for 1968's The Producers.
William Goldman, winner in 1969 for Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid.
Francis Ford Coppola, co-winner of the 1970 award for Patton.
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Paddy Chayefsky garnered two solo wins in this category—one for 1971's The Hospital and one for 1976's Network.
The screenwriter of Chinatown, Robert Towne, received this award.
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Woody Allen earned three Original Screenplay Oscars, for Annie Hall (along with Marshall Brickman), Hannah and Her Sisters, and Midnight in Paris. He has received sixteen nominations total, the most of any writer.
Steve Tesich received the award in 1979 for Breaking Away.
Bo Goldman (left) won in 1981 for 1980's Melvin and Howard.
John Patrick Shanley, winner of this award for the 1987 romantic comedy Moonstruck.
Callie Khouri became the first woman to garner a solo win in this category with her work on Thelma & Louise.
Neil Jordan won in 1993 for 1992's The Crying Game.
Jane Campion won for The Piano in 1993.
Quentin Tarantino has received two awards from four nominations. His wins were eighteen years apart—the first was for Pulp Fiction in 1994, while the second was for 2012's Django Unchained.
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Christopher McQuarrie received the award for The Usual Suspects.
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Writer-director pair the Coen brothers won in 1997 for 1996's Fargo.
Ben Affleck, co-winner of 1997's award for Good Will Hunting.
Matt Damon also received the award for Good Will Hunting.
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Tom Stoppard garnered the award for Shakespeare in Love.
Alan Ball won in 2000 for 1999's American Beauty.
Cameron Crowe won for 2000's Almost Famous.
Sofia Coppola won for 2003's Lost in Translation.
Michael Arndt won for 2006's Little Miss Sunshine.
Diablo Cody won for 2007's Juno.
Dustin Lance Black won for 2008's Milk.
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Spike Jonze won for 2013's Her.
Alejandro G. Iñárritu won for the screenplay of 2014's Birdman, co-written with Nicolás Giacobone, Alexander Dinelaris Jr., and Armando Bo.
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Kenneth Lonergan won for Manchester by the Sea (2016).
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Jordan Peele became the first African-American to win the award for 2017's Get Out.
Peter Farrelly won for the screenplay of 2018's Green Book, co-written with Brian Currie and Nick Vallelonga.
Bong Joon-ho became the first South Korean Oscar winner for his screenplay of 2019's Parasite, co-written with Han Jin-won.
Winners are listed first in colored row, followed by the other nominees.
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
Multiple wins and nominations
|
The following individuals have received multiple Best Original Screenplay Awards:
The following individuals received three or more Best Original Screenplay nominations:
|
Age superlatives
| Record | Writer | Film | Age (in years) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oldest winner | Woody Allen | Midnight in Paris | 76 | [89] |
| Oldest nominee | Blue Jasmine | 78 | ||
| Youngest winner | Ben Affleck | Good Will Hunting | 25 | [90] |
| Youngest nominee | John Singleton | Boyz n the Hood | 24 | [91] |
Diversity of nominees/winners
| Asian nominees/winners | |||||
| Year | Name | Country | Film | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Hanif Kureishi |   |
My Beautiful Laundrette | Nominated | |
| 1999 | M. Night Shyamalan |   |
The Sixth Sense | Nominated | |
| 2006 | Iris Yamashita |  |
Letters from Iwo Jima | Nominated | Shared nomination with Paul Haggis |
| 2012 | Asghar Farhadi |  |
A Separation | Nominated | First screenplay written in an Asian language to be nominated (Farsi) |
| 2015 | Ronnie del Carmen |  |
Inside Out | Nominated | Shared nomination with Pete Docter, Meg LeFauve, & Josh Cooley |
| 2017 (90th) |
Kumail Nanjiani | |
The Big Sick | Nominated | Shared nomination with Emily V. Gordon |
| 2019 (92nd) |
Bong Joon Ho Han Jin Won |
 |
Parasite | Won | |
| Black nominees/winners | ||||
| Year | Name | Film | Status | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1972 | Suzanne de Passe | Lady Sings the Blues | Nominated | Shared nomination with co-writers Chris Clark and Terence McCloy |
| 1989 | Spike Lee | Do the Right Thing | Nominated | |
| 1991 | John Singleton | Boyz n the Hood | Nominated | Youngest nominee ever in the category |
| 2017 | Jordan Peele | Get Out | Won | |
| Central/South American nominees/winners | ||||||
| Year | Nominee | Country | Film | Status | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 (58th) |
Aída Bortnik Luis Puenzo |
 |
The Official Story | Nominated | ||
| 2002 (75th) |
Alfonso Cuarón Carlos Cuarón |
 |
Y Tu Mamá También | Nominated | ||
| 2006 (79th) |
Guillermo Arriaga | Babel | Nominated | |||
| Guillermo del Toro | Pan's Labyrinth | Nominated | ||||
| 2014 (87th) |
Alejandro González Iñárritu Nicolás Giacobone Armando Bó |
|
Birdman | Won | Shared win with Alexander Dinelaris Jr. | |
| 2017 (90th) |
Guillermo del Toro | |
The Shape of Water | Nominated | Shared nomination with Vanessa Taylor | |
| 2018 (91st) |
Alfonso Cuarón | Roma | Nominated | |||
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See also
- Academy Award for Best Story
- Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay
- BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay
- Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay
- Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Screenplay
- List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees
- Writers Guild of America Award for Best Original Screenplay
Notes
- Best Original Screenplay was consolidated in 1948 for a singular Best Screenplay award. The winner was The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, adapted from the novel of same name.
- In 1958, Nedrick Young was blacklisted and writing under the pseudonym Nathan E. Douglas. The Academy's Board of Governors voted in 1993 to restore Young's nomination and award.
References
- Will this year's Oscar nominations break any records?
- Writing Winners: 1957 Oscars
- "Sling Blade" and "Fargo" winning Writing Oscars®-official YouTube channel
- M*A*S*H and Patton Win Writing Awards: 1970 Oscars
- Sofia Coppola winning Best Original Screenplay-Oscars on YouTube
- "Get Out" wins Best Original Screenplay-Oscars on YouTube
- Oscars: Bong Joon Ho's 'Parasite' Wins South Korea's First Oscar|Hollywood Reporter
- Joyce Eng (2020-02-07). "'Parasite's' Bong Joon Ho and Han Jin Won would be the first Asian writers to win an Oscar – GoldDerby". Goldderby.com. Retrieved 2020-02-16.
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