Voiceless velar lateral approximant
The voiceless velar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used in a very small number of spoken languages in the world. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʟ̥⟩ (since 1989) and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is L\_0
.
Voiceless velar lateral approximant | |
---|---|
ʟ̥ | |
IPA Number | 158 402A |
Encoding | |
X-SAMPA | L\_0 |
Features
Features of the voiceless velar lateral approximant:
- Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by narrowing the vocal tract at the place of articulation, but not enough to produce a turbulent airstream.
- Its place of articulation is velar, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum) at the soft palate.
- Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
Occurrence
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Archi | мелӏе ло | [mekʟ̥e lo] | ˈsonˈ | Allophone of /kʟ̝̊/ in casual speech, mostly unnoticed. | |
English | Western American[1] | clear | [kʟ̥iɚ̯] | 'clear' | Possible allophone of /l/ after the aspirated allophone of /k/.[1] See English phonology |
German | Austrian[2] | klar | [kʟ̥ɑː] | 'clear' | Possible allophone of /l/ after the aspirated allophone of /k/.[2] See Standard German phonology |
gollark: It probably isn't optimal but you know.
gollark: ```scheme(define forgiving-grudge (lambda (x y) (let* ( (defection-count (length (filter (lambda (m) (= m 1)) x))) (result (if (> defection-count 3) 1 0)) ) result)))```As far as I can tell this consistently wins.
gollark: I fixed it except now my thing plays itself at some point and recurses infinitely.
gollark: It has a child process. This is ridiculous. It lies.]
gollark: This is still not working, I may need to change tactics.
See also
- Voiced velar lateral approximant, [ʟ]
- Voiceless alveolar lateral fricative, [ɬ] – an acoustically similar but articulatorily distinct sound
- Voiceless velar lateral fricative, [ʟ̝̊]
- Index of phonetics articles
Notes
- Grønnum (2005), p. 154.
- Grønnum (2005), pp. 153–154.
References
- Grønnum, Nina (2005), Fonetik og fonologi, Almen og Dansk (3rd ed.), Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag, ISBN 87-500-3865-6
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