Syntaxin 3

Syntaxin 3, also known as STX3, is a protein[5] which in humans is encoded by the STX3 gene.[6][7]

STX3
Identifiers
Aliases	STX3, STX3A, Syntaxin 3
External IDs	OMIM: 600876 MGI: 103077 HomoloGene: 80191 GeneCards: STX3
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11q12.1 Start 59,713,456 bp[1] End 59,805,882 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19|19 A Start 11,775,118 bp[2] End 11,819,403 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • SNAP receptor activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • arachidonic acid binding • SNARE binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • membrane • intercellular junction • growth cone • secretory granule • vacuole • dendrite • SNARE complex • azurophil granule • specific granule • apical plasma membrane • neuron projection • extracellular exosome • lamellipodium • photoreceptor cell terminal bouton • ribbon synapse • synaptic vesicle • presynaptic membrane • melanosome • zymogen granule membrane • cell membrane • postsynapse • endomembrane system • presynaptic active zone membrane • Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse • glutamatergic synapse Biological process • synaptic vesicle docking • synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane • Lipid bilayer fusion • vesicle docking • positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane • positive regulation of chemotaxis • positive regulation of cell proliferation • positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface • intracellular protein transport • neurotransmitter transport • neuron projection development • vesicle-mediated transport • positive regulation of cell adhesion • long-term synaptic potentiation • exocytosis • vesicle fusion • exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane • transport • cytokine-mediated signaling pathway • vesicle-mediated transport in synapse Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6809	20908
Ensembl	ENSG00000166900	ENSMUSG00000041488
UniProt	Q13277	Q64704
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001178040 NM_004177	NM_001025307 NM_001025308 NM_001286543 NM_011502 NM_152220 NM_001360386
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001171511 NP_004168	NP_001020478 NP_001273472 NP_035632 NP_689344 NP_001347315
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 59.71 – 59.81 Mb	Chr 19: 11.78 – 11.82 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the syntaxin family of cellular receptors for transport vesicles which participate in exocytosis in neutrophils.[6] STX3 has an important role in the growth of neurites and serves as a direct target for omega-6 arachidonic acid.[8] Mutations in Syntaxin 3 cause Microvillus inclusion disease.[9]

Interactions

Syntaxin 3 has been shown to interact with SNAP-25,[10][11][12] SNAP23[11][12][13][14] and SNAP29.[12]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166900 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000041488 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Ibaraki K, Horikawa HP, Morita T, Mori H, Sakimura K, Mishina M, Saisu H, Abe T (June 1995). "Identification of four different forms of syntaxin 3". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 211 (3): 997–1005. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1910. PMID 7598732.
6. Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (March 1999). "Co-expression of several human syntaxin genes in neutrophils and differentiating HL-60 cells: variant isoforms and detection of syntaxin 1". J. Leukoc. Biol. 65 (3): 397–406. doi:10.1002/jlb.65.3.397. hdl:10261/59829. PMID 10080545.
7. "Entrez Gene: STX3 syntaxin 3".
8. Darios F, Davletov B (April 2006). "Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids stimulate cell membrane expansion by acting on syntaxin 3". Nature. 440 (7085): 813–7. Bibcode:2006Natur.440..813D. doi:10.1038/nature04598. PMID 16598260.
9. Wiegerinck CL, Janecke AR, Schneeberger K, Vogel GF, van Haaften-Visser DY, Escher JC, Adam R, Thöni CE, Pfaller K, Jordan AJ, Weis CA, Nijman IJ, Monroe GR, van Hasselt PM, Cutz E, Klumperman J, Clevers H, Nieuwenhuis EE, Houwen RH, van Haaften G, Hess MW, Huber LA, Stapelbroek JM, Müller T, Middendorp S (2014). "Loss of syntaxin 3 causes variant microvillus inclusion disease". Gastroenterology. 147 (1): 65–68.e10. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.04.002. PMID 24726755.
10. Hata Y, Südhof TC (Jun 1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895.
11. Ravichandran V, Chawla A, Roche PA (Jun 1996). "Identification of a novel syntaxin- and synaptobrevin/VAMP-binding protein, SNAP-23, expressed in non-neuronal tissues". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (23): 13300–3. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.23.13300. PMID 8663154.
12. Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (Dec 1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078.
13. Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (Aug 2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". Arch. Oral Biol. 48 (8): 597–604. doi:10.1016/S0003-9969(03)00116-X. PMID 12828989.
14. Araki S, Tamori Y, Kawanishi M, Shinoda H, Masugi J, Mori H, Niki T, Okazawa H, Kubota T, Kasuga M (May 1997). "Inhibition of the binding of SNAP-23 to syntaxin 4 by Munc18c". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 234 (1): 257–62. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6560. PMID 9168999.

Further reading

• Ibaraki K, Horikawa HP, Morita T, Mori H, Sakimura K, Mishina M, Saisu H, Abe T (1995). "Identification of four different forms of syntaxin 3". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 211 (3): 997–1005. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1995.1910. PMID 7598732.
• Hata Y, Südhof TC (1995). "A novel ubiquitous form of Munc-18 interacts with multiple syntaxins. Use of the yeast two-hybrid system to study interactions between proteins involved in membrane traffic". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (22): 13022–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.13022. PMID 7768895.
• Li C, Ullrich B, Zhang JZ, Anderson RG, Brose N, Südhof TC (1995). "Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent activities of neural and non-neural synaptotagmins". Nature. 375 (6532): 594–9. Bibcode:1995Natur.375..594L. doi:10.1038/375594a0. PMID 7791877.
• Morgans CW, Brandstätter JH, Kellerman J, Betz H, Wässle H (1996). "A SNARE complex containing syntaxin 3 is present in ribbon synapses of the retina". J. Neurosci. 16 (21): 6713–21. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.16-21-06713.1996. PMID 8824312.
• Tellam JT, Macaulay SL, McIntosh S, Hewish DR, Ward CW, James DE (1997). "Characterization of Munc-18c and syntaxin-4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Putative role in insulin-dependent movement of GLUT-4". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (10): 6179–86. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.10.6179. PMID 9045631.
• Delgrossi MH, Breuza L, Mirre C, Chavrier P, Le Bivic A (1997). "Human syntaxin 3 is localized apically in human intestinal cells". J. Cell Sci. 110 (18): 2207–14. PMID 9378770.
• Galli T, Zahraoui A, Vaidyanathan VV, Raposo G, Tian JM, Karin M, Niemann H, Louvard D (1998). "A novel tetanus neurotoxin-insensitive vesicle-associated membrane protein in SNARE complexes of the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells". Mol. Biol. Cell. 9 (6): 1437–48. doi:10.1091/mbc.9.6.1437. PMC 25366. PMID 9614185.
• Riento K, Galli T, Jansson S, Ehnholm C, Lehtonen E, Olkkonen VM (1998). "Interaction of Munc-18-2 with syntaxin 3 controls the association of apical SNAREs in epithelial cells". J. Cell Sci. 111 (17): 2681–8. PMID 9701566.
• Steegmaier M, Yang B, Yoo JS, Huang B, Shen M, Yu S, Luo Y, Scheller RH (1998). "Three novel proteins of the syntaxin/SNAP-25 family". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (51): 34171–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.51.34171. PMID 9852078.
• Martín-Martín B, Nabokina SM, Lazo PA, Mollinedo F (1999). "Co-expression of several human syntaxin genes in neutrophils and differentiating HL-60 cells: variant isoforms and detection of syntaxin 1". J. Leukoc. Biol. 65 (3): 397–406. doi:10.1002/jlb.65.3.397. hdl:10261/59829. PMID 10080545.
• Fasshauer D, Antonin W, Margittai M, Pabst S, Jahn R (1999). "Mixed and non-cognate SNARE complexes. Characterization of assembly and biophysical properties" (PDF). J. Biol. Chem. 274 (22): 15440–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.22.15440. PMID 10336434.
• Thomas DM, Ferguson GD, Herschman HR, Elferink LA (1999). "Functional and biochemical analysis of the C2 domains of synaptotagmin IV". Mol. Biol. Cell. 10 (7): 2285–95. doi:10.1091/mbc.10.7.2285. PMC 25443. PMID 10397765.
• Riento K, Kauppi M, Keranen S, Olkkonen VM (2000). "Munc18-2, a functional partner of syntaxin 3, controls apical membrane trafficking in epithelial cells". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (18): 13476–83. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.18.13476. PMID 10788461.
• Kauppi M, Wohlfahrt G, Olkkonen VM (2002). "Analysis of the Munc18b-syntaxin binding interface. Use of a mutant Munc18b to dissect the functions of syntaxins 2 and 3". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (46): 43973–9. doi:10.1074/jbc.M208315200. PMID 12198139.
• Imai A, Nashida T, Yoshie S, Shimomura H (2003). "Intracellular localisation of SNARE proteins in rat parotid acinar cells: SNARE complexes on the apical plasma membrane". Arch. Oral Biol. 48 (8): 597–604. doi:10.1016/S0003-9969(03)00116-X. PMID 12828989.
• Bandyopadhyay BC, Swaim WD, Liu X, Redman RS, Patterson RL, Ambudkar IS (2005). "Apical localization of a functional TRPC3/TRPC6-Ca2+-signaling complex in polarized epithelial cells. Role in apical Ca2+ influx". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (13): 12908–16. doi:10.1074/jbc.M410013200. PMID 15623527.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, Hirozane-Kishikawa T, Dricot A, Li N, Berriz GF, Gibbons FD, Dreze M, Ayivi-Guedehoussou N, Klitgord N, Simon C, Boxem M, Milstein S, Rosenberg J, Goldberg DS, Zhang LV, Wong SL, Franklin G, Li S, Albala JS, Lim J, Fraughton C, Llamosas E, Cevik S, Bex C, Lamesch P, Sikorski RS, Vandenhaute J, Zoghbi HY, Smolyar A, Bosak S, Sequerra R, Doucette-Stamm L, Cusick ME, Hill DE, Roth FP, Vidal M (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Low SH, Vasanji A, Nanduri J, He M, Sharma N, Koo M, Drazba J, Weimbs T (2006). "Syntaxins 3 and 4 are concentrated in separate clusters on the plasma membrane before the establishment of cell polarity". Mol. Biol. Cell. 17 (2): 977–89. doi:10.1091/mbc.E05-05-0462. PMC 1356605. PMID 16339081.