mir-103/107 microRNA precursor

The miR-103 microRNA precursor (homologous to miR-107), is a short non-coding RNA gene involved in gene regulation. miR-103 and miR-107 have now been predicted or experimentally confirmed in human.[1][2]

mir-103/107 microRNA precursor
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of mir-103
Identifiers
Symbolmir-103
RfamRF00129
miRBaseMI0000109
miRBase familyMIPF0000024
Other data
RNA typeGene; miRNA
Domain(s)Eukaryota
GO0035195 0035068
SO0001244
PDB structuresPDBe

microRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide precursors and subsequently processed by the Dicer enzyme to give a ~22 nucleotide product. In this case the mature sequence comes from the 5' arm of the precursor. The mature products are thought to have regulatory roles through complementarity to mRNA.[3]

mir-103 and mir-107 were noted as being upregulated in obese mice and were subsequently found to have a key role in insulin sensitivity. This led to a suggestion that these microRNAs represent potential targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.[4]

mir-103 has also been linked with chronic pain[5] and intestinal cell proliferation.[6]

Recently, miR-103-3p was shown to target the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of GPRC5A's mRNA in pancreatic cancer.[7] This is one of only a handful of known instances where a miRNA targets the 5' UTR of a mRNA.

References
  1. Mourelatos Z, Dostie J, Paushkin S, Sharma A, Charroux B, Abel L, Rappsilber J, Mann M, Dreyfuss G (March 2002). "miRNPs: a novel class of ribonucleoproteins containing numerous microRNAs". Genes & Development. 16 (6): 720–8. doi:10.1101/gad.974702. PMC 155365. PMID 11914277.
  2. "miRNA gene family: mir-103". mirBASE. University of Manchester. Archived from the original on 10 July 2012. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
  3. Ambros V (December 2001). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential". Cell. 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
  4. Trajkovski M, Hausser J, Soutschek J, Bhat B, Akin A, Zavolan M, Heim MH, Stoffel M (June 2011). "MicroRNAs 103 and 107 regulate insulin sensitivity". Nature. 474 (7353): 649–53. doi:10.1038/nature10112. PMID 21654750.
  5. Favereaux A, Thoumine O, Bouali-Benazzouz R, Roques V, Papon MA, Salam SA, Drutel G, Léger C, Calas A, Nagy F, Landry M (July 2011). "Bidirectional integrative regulation of Cav1.2 calcium channel by microRNA miR-103: role in pain". The EMBO Journal. 30 (18): 3830–41. doi:10.1038/emboj.2011.249. PMC 3173784. PMID 21804529.
  6. Liao Y, Lönnerdal B (September 2010). Langsley G (ed.). "Global microRNA characterization reveals that miR-103 is involved in IGF-1 stimulated mouse intestinal cell proliferation". PLOS ONE. 5 (9): e12976. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012976. PMC 2944884. PMID 20886090.
  7. Zhou H, Rigoutsos I (September 2014). "MiR-103a-3p targets the 5' UTR of GPRC5A in pancreatic cells". RNA. 20 (9): 1431–9. doi:10.1261/rna.045757.114. PMC 4138326. PMID 24984703.

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