Kiong Nai language

Kiong Nai (or Jiongnai, Chinese: 炯奈 jiǒngnài) is a divergent Hmongic (Miao) language spoken in Jinxiu County, Guangxi, China. The speakers' autonym is pronounced [kjɔŋ33 nai33] or [kjaŋ31 nɛ31]; kjɔŋ33 means 'mountain', while nai33 means 'people' (Meng 2001:1). Mao & Li (2002) believe it to be most closely related to She.

Not to be confused with Kiong language.
Kiong Nai
Jiongnai
Native toChina
RegionJinxiu County, Guangxi
Native speakers
1,100 (1999)[1]
Hmong–Mien
Language codes
ISO 639-3pnu
Glottologjion1236[2]

Dialects

Mao & Li (2002) divide Jiongnai into two major dialects.

  • Longhua 龙华, spoken in Longhua 龙华村 of Changdong Township 长垌乡
  • Liuxiang 六巷, spoken in Liuxiang Township 六巷乡

Jiongnai is spoken in the following villages in 3 townships of Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Guangxi (Mao & Li 2002:1).

  • Liuxiang Township 六巷乡: Liuxiang 六巷, Mengtou 门头, Dadeng 大凳, Huangsang 黄桑, Xincun 新村, Gupu 古蒲
  • Changdong Township 长垌乡: Longhua 龙华, Nanzhou 南州, Dajing 大进
  • Luoxiang Township 罗香乡: Zhanger 丈二, Liutuan 六团, Luodan 罗丹
gollark: But that step itself is very hard, and you need to aggregate different people's preferences, and each step ends up being affected by the values of the people working on it.
gollark: There are too many goods produced for individuals to practically go around voting on what the outputs of the economy should be, so at best they can vote on a summary which someone will turn into a full thing.
gollark: Also, you need to somehow decide on what should be produced.
gollark: You need to deal with too many goods in too many locations with weird stuff like economies and diseconomies of scale.
gollark: Also, it has incentives problems, as well as information flow problems.

References
  1. Kiong Nai at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Jiongnai Bunu". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  • 毛宗武, 李云兵 / Mao Zongwu, Li Yunbing. 2002. 炯奈语硏究 / Jiongnai yu yan jiu (A Study of Jiongnai). Beijing: 中央民族大学出版社 / Zhong yang min zu da xue chu ban she.
  • 蒙朝吉 / Meng Chaoji. 2001. 瑤族布努语方言研究 / Yao zu Bunu yu fang yan yan jiu [A Study of the Bunu Dialects of the Yao People]. Beijing: 民族出版社 / Min zu chu ban she.
  • http://sealang.net/sala/archives/pdf8/ratliff2003review.pdf


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