Hall County, Georgia

Hall County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 179,684.[1] The county seat is Gainesville.[2]

Hall County
U.S. county
Hall County courthouse in Gainesville
Location within the U.S. state of Georgia
Georgia's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 34°19′N 83°49′W
Country United States
State Georgia
FoundedDecember 15, 1818
Named forLyman Hall
SeatGainesville
Largest cityGainesville
Area
 • Total429 sq mi (1,110 km2)
 • Land393 sq mi (1,020 km2)
 • Water37 sq mi (100 km2)  8.5%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2019)
204,441
 • Density457/sq mi (176/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district9th
Websitewww.hallcounty.org

Hall County comprises the Gainesville, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA Combined Statistical Area.

History

Hall County was created on December 15, 1818, from Cherokee lands ceded by the Treaty of Cherokee Agency (1817) and Treaty of Washington (1819).[3]

The county is named for Dr. Lyman Hall,[4] a signer of the Declaration of Independence and governor of Georgia as both colony and state.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 429 square miles (1,110 km2), of which 393 square miles (1,020 km2) is land and 37 square miles (96 km2) (8.5%) is water.[5] The county is located in the upper Piedmont region of the state in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the north.

Slightly more than half of Hall County, the eastern portion of the county, is located in the Upper Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin, while the western half of the county is located in the Upper Chattahoochee River sub-basin of the ACF River Basin (Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin).[6]

The Chattahoochee River gathers strength in Hall County, as immortalized in Sidney Lanier's poem, "Song of the Chattahoochee":

OUT of the hills of Habersham,
Down the valleys of Hall,
I hurry amain to reach the plain,
Run the rapid and leap the fall,
Split at the rock and together again,

Adjacent counties

Attractions

Transportation

Major highways

Mass transit

Pedestrians and cycling
  • Chicopee Woods Bike Trail
  • Wilshire Trail

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18205,086—
183011,748131.0%
18407,875−33.0%
18508,71310.6%
18609,3667.5%
18709,6072.6%
188015,29859.2%
189018,04718.0%
190020,75215.0%
191025,73024.0%
192026,8224.2%
193030,31313.0%
194034,82214.9%
195040,11315.2%
196049,73924.0%
197059,40519.4%
198075,64927.3%
199095,42826.1%
2000139,27745.9%
2010179,68429.0%
Est. 2019204,441[9]13.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1790–1960[11] 1900–1990[12]
1990–2000[13] 2010–2019[1]

Hall County remains extremely rural and many of its residents reside in unincorporated areas, accounting for more than half of the county's population.

2000 census

At the 2000 census,[14] 139,277 people, 80,381 households and 80,009 families resided in the county. The population density was 354 per square mile (137/km²). There were 51,046 housing units at an average density of 130 per square mile (50/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 80.75% White, 7.27% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 1.35% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 8.75% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races. About 19.56% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 80,381 households, 37.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.20% were married couples living together, 10.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.00% were not families. About 19.20% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.89 and the average family size was 3.26.

Age distribution was 26.90% under the age of 18, 10.80% from 18 to 24, 32.30% from 25 to 44, 20.60% from 45 to 64, and 9.40% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.90 males.

The median household income was $44,908, and the median family income was $50,100. Males had a median income of $31,769 versus $24,550 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,690. About 8.50% of families and 12.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.20% of those under age 18 and 14.70% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 179,684 people, 60,691 households, and 45,275 families residing in the county.[15] The population density was 457.5 inhabitants per square mile (176.6/km2). There were 68,825 housing units at an average density of 175.2 per square mile (67.6/km2).[16] The racial makeup of the county was 74.1% white, 7.4% black or African American, 1.8% Asian, 0.5% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 13.9% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 26.1% of the population.[15] In terms of ancestry, 16.8% were American, 10.6% were Irish, 9.3% were English, and 8.9% were German.[17]

Of the 60,691 households, 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 25.4% were non-families, and 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.35. The median age was 34.5 years.[15]

The median income for a household in the county was $50,876 and the median income for a family was $57,774. Males had a median income of $38,671 versus $31,378 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,675. About 11.3% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.3% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.[18]

Education

Colleges and universities

High schools

Middle schools
  • Academies of Discovery at South Hall
  • Alternative Learning Center/International Center
  • C. W. Davis Middle School
  • Cherokee Bluff Middle School
  • Chestatee Middle School
  • East Hall Middle School
  • Gainesville Middle School
  • Lanier Career Academy
  • North Georgia Christian School
  • North Hall Middle School
  • West Hall Middle School

Communities

Cities

Towns

Unincorporated communities

Politics

Hall County had voting patterns similar to the Solid South up until 1964, with the exception of supporting Herbert Hoover in his 1928 landslide victory. Since then, it has been won by the GOP by landslide margins, in stark contrast to nearby Atlanta's inner suburban counties, with the exception of segregationist George Wallace in 1968 and favorite son Jimmy Carter in both of his campaigns.

Presidential elections results
Previous presidential elections results[19]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 72.7% 51,733 22.7% 16,180 4.5% 3229
2012 77.2% 47,481 21.1% 12,999 1.7% 1,032
2008 74.8% 44,962 24.0% 14,457 1.2% 711
2004 78.1% 38,883 21.1% 10,514 0.8% 395
2000 70.4% 26,841 26.9% 10,259 2.8% 1,050
1996 59.8% 19,280 32.2% 10,362 8.0% 2577
1992 49.7% 16,108 34.6% 11,214 15.8% 5111
1988 68.7% 17,415 30.7% 7,782 0.6% 147
1984 67.0% 15,076 33.0% 7,421
1980 37.8% 7,760 59.1% 12,124 3.1% 637
1976 28.5% 5,093 71.5% 12,804
1972 81.4% 10,686 18.6% 2,440
1968 36.1% 4,923 23.3% 3,174 40.7% 5,546
1964 34.9% 4,296 65.0% 8,003 0.1% 11
1960 31.5% 2,903 68.5% 6,303
1956 31.5% 2,752 68.5% 5,989
1952 23.2% 1,845 76.8% 6,121
1948 10.8% 449 74.4% 3,093 14.8% 617
1944 20.6% 796 79.4% 3,066 0.0% 1
1940 14.7% 513 84.5% 2,943 0.8% 26
1936 14.0% 444 85.9% 2,731 0.2% 6
1932 4.3% 120 95.3% 2,649 0.4% 11
1928 50.8% 1,573 49.2% 1,523
1924 15.6% 290 75.0% 1,398 9.4% 175
1920 36.6% 852 63.4% 1,475
1916 16.9% 367 76.6% 1,662 6.5% 141
1912 17.9% 275 74.5% 1,145 7.6% 116
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See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 3, 2011. Retrieved February 16, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. Krakow, Kenneth K. (1975). Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins (PDF). Macon, GA: Winship Press. p. 101. ISBN 0-915430-00-2.
  4. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. pp. 147.
  5. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  6. "Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission Interactive Mapping Experience". Georgia Soil and Water Conservation Commission. Retrieved November 18, 2015.
  7. "Hall Area Transit Bus Services | City of Gainesville, Georgia". www.gainesville.org. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
  8. "History | City of Gainesville, Georgia". www.gainesville.org. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
  9. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
  10. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  11. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  12. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  13. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 23, 2014.
  14. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  15. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
  16. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
  17. "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
  18. "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
  19. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 20, 2018.

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